人類頭部是整個身體構造中最發達也是重要的部份。其中頭顱內部大腦是掌管全身各個部位和發布命令給身體各個部分的重要器官，所以此部位是最脆弱最致命的部位也是最值得被探討、保護和研究的地方。而現今腦部的創傷大多往往來自於交通事故等，造成給予頭部直接的外力撞擊而由於可能過大的衝擊而造成頭顱內部和腦部有再度碰撞造成腦部受傷流血導至於死亡。在臨床研究結果發現在沒有頭骨破裂的情況之下多數的大腦創傷發生在前面額葉，進而造成腦破裂、腦出血等等。這些常常是造成人們致死的最主要的原因。

本文利用有限元素軟體ANSYS/LS-DYNA®對人體頭顱進行撞擊的3-D動態模擬分析，分別在前、後和側邊對頭顱進行碰撞，以了解在各位置受到衝擊之後頭顱位置所受的應力和頭顱與腦部發生內部撞擊時的相對位置及撞擊力，讓我們可以對日後頭部創傷做出有更正確而且迅速的判斷。

Human head is the most important part of the whole body. The brain which issue commands to all organs acts as a control center of the human body. Human head is vulnerable besides importance, so it deserves to be explored and studied in more detail. Most of the brain trauma are caused by directly impact, e.g. traffic accidents. The impact of foreign object against the skull is the primary impact, but there is a secondary impact which is brain hitting the skull internally. Clinical studies found that some sever brain bleeding happened in the absence of skull break. This kind of vital brain trauma are caused by secondary impact.

In this paper, computer model of human head including skull and brain is built. Dynamic finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-Dyna® is employed to analyze impact of foreign object against the head 3-dimensionally. The stress of impacting on different locations of head is discussed. The secondary impact is also discussed by exploring the collision forces when brain hitting the skull. Computer modeling and analyzing might be help on understanding the relationship between head impact and head trauma.

目錄

中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2文獻回顧 2
1.3研究動機及方法 3
第二章 相關基礎理論 4
2.1大腦理論相關介紹 4
2.2 ANSYS/LS-DYNA基礎理論相關介紹 7
2.2.1接觸碰撞類型 7
2.2.2接觸碰撞算法概述 9
2.2.3流固耦合分析類型 10
2.2.4流體-固體偶合算法 11
第三章 電腦模擬模型建立 13
3.1實體模型的建立 13
3.2 ANSYS/LSDYNA中建立模擬分析模型 16
3.2.1材料參數設定及網格化 16
3.2.2碰撞模擬條件設定 20
第四章 分析結果與討論 26
4.1模擬與實驗結果比對 26
4.2改變碰撞位置 29
4.2.1探討應力大小 29
4.3改變材料參數 32
4.3.1後撞時頭顱與腦部的位移 33
4.3.2改變撞擊力 35
4.3.3比1.2v和1.5v二次撞擊的結果 39
第五章 結論與未來展望 44
5.1結論 44
5.2未來改進 45
5.3未來的發展 46
參考文獻 47

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