臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
圖書館的標示系統在於協助使用者辨識館舍空間方位的服務系統。其目的為方便使用者在尋路過程中獲得有效的指引，並因減少詢問工作而減少館員額外的工作負荷，而在館舍中設置的服務設施。內容包括全館平面資訊的指示、各類區域空間的引導、辨識不同物件與空間功能等資訊。在圖書館的新建過程中，建築師常僅依過去經驗而加以套用，而未重新全盤考量，以致影響實際的服務品質與成效，更增加使用者的尋路過程中的疑惑與困難。
本研究以華梵大學圖書館標示系統的建構規劃為案例。透過探討尋路行為，瞭解影響尋路行為的因素與尋路問題的癥結；討論標示系統的定義、分類與設計；解析圖書館的空間配置與動線規劃，導入圖書館標示系統的功能與處理計畫。漸次地分析所探討的圖書館本身的空間規劃、動線，歸結標示系統在設計工作上應注意的各項要點與性質，同時參酌國內各大學圖書館標示系統之用後評估狀況，避免各館發生的謬誤，而進行新館之標示系統建構規劃。
研究的成果如下:
1. 協助圖書館建立完整的標示系統設計準則與維護制度。
2. 提供學校參與標示系統規劃之相關人員參考。
3. 提供其它學校新建館舍或重新規劃標示系統的參考。

Abstract
The sign system in a library is a service system to help readers recognize the placement in a library area. It is a facility for the convenience of readers in wayfinding process and can reduce the additional work load for the staff because of less inquiry. It’s include, the whole floor plan of the library, the direction for each area, the knowledge for each space, etc. An architect often depends on the experience in the process of a new construction library and lacks of wholly consideration. It will take influence for the service quality and results. And raise the doubt and difficulty for the user experiences.
The study takes the library sign system planning of Huafan University as an example. Knowing the factors of wayfinding and how it could be happened to confer the wayfinding behavior. Discuss the definition, classification and design of a sign system. Analyze the map of service area and route planning. Implement the function and dealing of the sign system in a library. Approaching the target library’s route and planning. Make a summary of the hints for the design process of a sign system. It also considered with the evaluation of the sign system in other university libraries to keep off mistakes. The achievements of the study are: (1) help the library to construct a design criterion and maintain system, (2) provide a consult for the relevance staff of schools, (3) provide a consult for other schools plan to construct a new building or renew their sign system.

摘 要 VI
Abstract VII
目 錄 VIII
圖 錄 XII
表 錄 XV
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究背景 2
1.2.1 背景說明 2
1.2.2 名詞定義 3
1.3 研究目的 3
1.4 研究範圍界定與限制 4
1.5 研究流程與架構 5
第二章 尋路行為與標示系統 7
2.1 尋路行為認知模式 7
2.1.1 「尋路」的起源與定義 7
2.1.2 影響尋路行為的因素 8
2.1.3 尋路問題的癥結 11
2.2 標示系統 14
2.2.1 標示系統的定義 14
2.2.2 標示系統設計 18
2.2.2.1 標示系統的位置、內容與形式 21
2.2.2.2 標示系統的材料、顏色與照明 28
2.2.3 圖書館標示系統 31
2.2.3.1 圖書館標示系統的重要性與功能 31
2.2.3.2 圖書館標示系統的處理計畫 34
第三章 華梵大學圖資大樓興建過程 39
3.1 大學圖書館 39
3.1.1 行政管理組織與變遷 39
3.1.2 分區與動線 41
3.2 華梵大學圖書館興建過程 49
3.2.1 背景資料 49
3.2.2 決策點分析 56
第四章 分區與決策點選定原則 68
4.1 標示系統的規劃 68
4.2 第五次會議決議配置圖分析 68
4.3 現況分析 68
4.4 決策點比較 68
4.1.1 路徑 68
4.1.2 配置 68
第五章 標示系統的應用 78
5.1 標示系統的規劃 78
5.2 第五次會議決議配置圖分析 78
5.3 現況分析 78
5.4 決策點比較 78
第六章 結論與建議 79
6.1 研究結論 79
6.2 檢討與改進 80
6.3 後續研究與發展建議 80
參考文獻 81
中文部分： 81
英文部分： 83
附 錄 89

中文部分：
1.中國圖書館學會出版委員會編（1973）。圖書館學台北市：學生書局，p.41。
2.王人弘（2003）。地下街尋路行為與空間概念建構之研究。中原大學建築學系碩士論文，未出版，桃園縣。
3.王之杰（1999）。你們大人不知道的新世代－台灣進入「我」的時代。財訊第207期，p.142-164。
4.王逸如（1986）。圖書館建築計畫原則。中國圖書館學會會報39期，p.9-15。
5.共同供應契約（2009）。共同供應契約簡介。台北市：台灣銀行採購部。
6.行政院（2005）。符碼設計:公共標示常用符碼設計參考指引。台北市：行政院研究發展考核委員會，p.7-16。
7.李琇兒（2001）。圖形標示在圖書館應用的個案研究。中國圖書館學會會報第66期，p.87-102。
8.周欣鶯（2001）。圖書館空間配置與動線規畫。書苑季刊50期，p.49-55。
9.侯曉玲（2001）。圖書館讀者尋路行為之研究－以台北市立圖書館總館為例。台灣大學圖書資訊學研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。
10.徐金芬（1988）。圖書館指標系統之探討。國立師範大學社會教育系社會教育學刊17期，p.287-316。
11.野村（2002）。無障礙建築設計資料集成。（楊一帆等譯）。北京：中國建築工業出版社。
12.郭肇立（1981）。建築的主題與評論方式的商榷。建築師7（民70年6月），p.10。
13.鬼頭梓（1984）。圖書館建築之特性與需求。（黃世孟譯）。建築師10（民73年2月），p.48。
14.陳秋枝（1994）。圖書館噪音控制。教育資料與圖書館學31卷4期，p.433-434。
15.陳格理（1997）。圖書館的標示系統。台北市立圖書館館訊15卷2期，p.11-31
16.陳格理（1999）。圖書館尋路工作之理念與設計。中國圖書館學會會報62期，p. 120-134。
17.陳格理（2002）。從尋路問題的解決方式探討問題的成因及其關係－以國立自然科學博物館為例。東海學報43卷，p.13-39。
18.陳格理（2004）。館員對圖書館標示系統建置之認識與準備。王振鵠教授八秩榮慶論文集，台北市：台灣學生書局，p. 67-76。
19.陳格理（2005）。圖書館的標示板該用什麼顏色。書香遠傳第29期，p.24~27。
20.陳格理（2007）。圖書館的尋路與標示。台北市：文華圖書館管理。
21.張惟韶（2005）。大學圖書館標示系統規劃設計完整性之研究。東海大學建築系碩士班碩士論文，未出版，台中市。
22.楊美華（1994）。大學圖書館理論與實務。台北市：五南圖書出版公司。
23.鄭金豊（2003）。以尋路行為認知模式探討捷運車站的標示系統-以台北捷運忠孝復興站為例。台北科技大學建築與都市設計研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北市。
24.蔡佳蓉（1997）。從館員觀點談圖書館建築在規劃及設計階段的幾項問題。大學圖書館1卷4期，p.66。
25.劉立中、吳可久（2003）。以讀者尋路行為觀點探討開架閱覽空間決策點之研究：以台灣大學總圖書館為例。吳可久（主編），圖書館建築規劃課題研析與設計演練。台北市：建築情報出版，p. 47-54。
26.謝寶煖（1990）。大學圖書館內部空間配置之研究。台北市：漢美圖書。
27.謝寶煖（1988）。公共圖書館之內部空間配置。台北市立圖書館館訊6卷2期，p.34。
28.謝寶煖（1999）。從服務行銷觀點談圖書館建築之規畫與設計。1999海峽兩岸圖書館建築研討會論文集，台北縣：教育資料與圖書館學季刊社，p.197-200。
29.魏彩玲（2001）。符號學在圖書館的應用。台灣大學圖書資訊研究所碩士論文，魏出版，台北市。

英文部分：
1.Abu-Ghazzeh, T. (1996). Movement and wayfinding in the King Saud University built environment: A look at freshman orientation and environmental information. Journal of Environmental Psychology 16, p.303-318.
2.Abu-Obeid, N. (1998). Abstract and scenographic imagery: The effects of environmental form on wayfinding. Journal of Environmental Psychology 18, p.159-173.
3.Arthur, Paul & Passini, Romedi (1992). Wayfinding, People, Sign and Architecture. New York, McGraw-Hill.
4.Association of Research Libraries, Office of Management Studies, Systems and Procedures Exchange Center. (1979). External communication in ARL libraries. SPEC Flyer 56.
5.Beaumont, P., Gary, J., Moore, G. & Robinson, B. (1984). Orientation and Wayfinding in the Tauranga Department: A forcused POE. In D. Duerk et al. (Eds.), EDRA 14, p.81.
6.Beneicke, J. & Brandon, K. (2003). Wayfinding and signage in library design. London, UK: Library Design.
7.Best, G. (1970). Direction-finding in Large Buildings. In D. Canter (Ed.), Architectural Psychology, London: RIBA Publication, p.72.
8.Boyd, D. (1993). Creating signs for multicultural partrons. The acquisitions librarians 9/10, p.61-66.
9.Bronzaft, A., Dobrow, S. & O’Hanlon, T. (1976). Spatial orientation in a subway systems. Environment and Behavior 8, p.575-594.
10.Canter, D. (1978). Wayfinding and signposting: Penance or prosthesis? In R. Easterby and H. Zwaga(Eds.), Information Design ELS. New Heaven, Conn: Yale University Press, p.245-263.
11.Carolyn Johnson (1993). Signs of the Times: Signage in the Library. Wilson Library Bulletin 68, p.40-42.
12.Chapman, Edward A., St. Pierce, Paul L. & Jr. Lubans, John (1970). Library Systems Analysis Guidelines. New York: Wiley Interscience, p.2.
13.Carpman, J. & Grant, M. (2001). Wayfinding: A broad view. In R. Bechtel & A. Churchman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology. New York: John Wiley & Sons, p.427-441.
14.Carpman, J., Grant, M. & Simons, D. (1986). Design that cares: Planning health facilities for patients and visitors. New York: ALA.
15.Carpman, J., Grant, M. & Simmons, D. (1984). No more Mazes Research about Design for Wayfinding in Hospitals. Ann Arbor: MI, U. of Michigan, p.12.
16.Cohen, A. & Cohen, E. (1979). Designing and space planning for libraries: A behavioral guide. New York: R.R. Bowker Co.
17.Dogu, U. & Erkip, F. (2000). Spatial factors affecting wayfinding and orientation: A case study in a shopping mall. Environment and Behavior 32:6, p.731-755.
18.Downs, Roger (1973). Stea, David (Eds.), Image and the Environment: Cognitive Mapping and Spatial Behavior. Chicago: Aldine.
19.Downs, D. (1979). Mazes, minds and maps. In D. Pollet et al. (Eds.), Sign Systems for Libraries. New York: R. R. Bowker, p.16-32.
20.Draper, James & Brooks, James (1979). Interior Design for Libraries. Chicage: ALA.
21.Dubin, Fred (1987). Mechanical Systems and Satisfication. Library Teends 36, p.351-360.
22.Eaton, G. (1992). Wayfinding in a Library: Book Searches and Route Uncernainly, RQ 30, p.524-525.
23.Ellsworth, Ralph E. (1973). Academic Library Buildings: A Guide to Architectural Issues and Solutions. Boulder, Colo: Colorando Associated University Pr., p.69-71, 136.
24.Evans, G., Fellons, J, Zorn, M. & Doty, K. (1980). Cognitive Mapping and Architecture. Journal of Applied Psychology 65, p.475.
25.Evans, G., Marerro, D. & Bulter P. (1981). Environmental Learning and cognitive mapping. Environment and Behavior 13, p.83-104.
26.Faulkner-Brown H. (1986). Change in Library Buildings. IFLA General Conference.
27.Garling, T., Book, A. & Lindburg, E. (1984). Cognitive mapping of large-scale environments: The interrelationship of action plans, acquisition and orientation. Environment and Behavior 16(1), p.3-34.
28.Gough, Chet & Srikantaiah, Taverekere (1978). Systems Analysis in Libraries: A Question Answer Approach. Hamden, Conn: Linnet, p.26.
29.Gross, M. & Zimring, C. (1992). Predicting wayfinding behavior in buildings: A schema-based approach. In Y. Kalay (Ed.), Evaluating and predicting design performance. New York: John Wiley, p.367-377.
30.Hanks, P. (Ed.). (2001). The new Oxford dictionary of English. N.Y.: Oxford University Press, p.1732.
31.Hayes, Robert M. & Becker, Joseph (1974). Handbook of Data Processing for Libraries, 2nd ed. Los Angeles: Melville, p.384.
32.Hirn, Sven (1986). Entrance Area Strategy in Libraries. Scandinavian Public Library Quarterly 19, p.129.
33.Ingwerson, P. (1982). Research Procedures in the Library : Analyzed from the Cognitive Point of View. Journal of Documentation 38, p.168.
34.Institute of Signage Research (1979). Technical and psychological considerations for sign systems in libraries. Sign Systems for Libraries, New York: Bowker, p.229-241.
35.Johnson, C. (1996). Signage and the ADA. In S. Cirillo, & R. Danford (Eds.), Library buildings, equipment, and ADA: Compliance issues and solutions. Chicago: ALA, p.48-52.
36.Kamisar, H. (1979). Signs for the handicapped paton. In D. Pollet & P. Haskell (Eds.), Sign systems for libraries: Solving the wayfinding problem. N. Y.: R. R. Bowker Co., p.99-103.
37.Kaplan, S. (1976). Adaptation, structure and knowledge. In G. Moore & R. Golledge (Eds.), Environmental Knowing: Theories, Researches and Methods. Strondsburg, PA: Dowden, Hutchinson and Rose, p.37.
38.Kaser, David (1984). Twenty-five years of academic library building planning. College & Research Libraries 45, p.268-281.
39.Kaser, David (1995). The user-friendly academic library building. 資訊傳播與圖書館學1卷4期, p.10.
40.Kirby, J. (1985). Creating the library identity. N.Y.: Bower Co.
41.Kosterman, Wayne (1978). A guide to library environmental graphics. Library Technology Reports 14, p.269-295.
42.Kupersmith, John (1980). Informational graphics and sign systems as library instruction media, Drexel Library Quarterly 16, p.54-68, 138-143.
43.Kupersmith, John. (1983). Setting objectives for a sign system. Research Strategies 6, p.83-84.
44.Lancaster, F. W. (1977). The Measurement and Evaluation of Library Services. Washington, D. C.: Information Resources Pr., p.313.
45.Levi, D. (1974). The Gestalt Psychology of Expression in Architecture. In J Lang et al. (Eds.), Design for Human Behavior Strondsburg. PA: Dowden, Hutchinson and Rose, p. 24. Linda, Reynolds, and Barrett, Stephen (1981). Signs and Guiding for Libraries. London: Clive Bingley, p.146-147.
46.Levine, M. (1982). You-Are-Here maps psychological considerations. Environment and Behavior 14(2), p.221-237.
47.Livingston, Barbara (1979). Special Report: New York Graphics Seminar: Signs for Better Access. Library Journal 104: 3, p.343-344.
48.Lynch, Kevin (1960). The Image of City. Cambridge: MIT Press, p.17.
49.Magliano, J., Cohen, R., Allen G., & Rodrigue, J. (1995). The impact of a wayfindinger’s goal on learning a new environment: Different types of spatial knowledge as goals. Journal of Environmental Psychology 15, p.65-75.
50.Marks, Barbara S. (1979). The Language of Signs, Sign Systems for Libraries. New York: Bowker, p.89-97.
51.Murakoshi, S., & Kawai, M. (2000). Use of knowledge and heuristics for wayfinding in an artificial environmental cognition. Environment and Behavior 11, p.33-70.
52.Nasar, J. L. & Cubukcu, E. (2005). Relation of physical form to spatial knowledge in large-scale virtual environments. Environment and Behavior 37(3), p.397-417.
53.Nicolas, F., Canete I. and Tuladhar, S. (1992). Designing for pedestrians: A CAD network analysis approach. In Y. Kalay (Ed.), Evaluating and Predicating Design Performance. New York: Wiley, p.43.
54.O’Neill, M. (1991). Effects of Signage and Floor Plan Configuration on Wayfinding Accuracy. Environment and Behavior 23, p.555-560.
55.O’Neill, M. (1991a). Evaluation of a conceptual model of architectural legibility. Environment and Behavior 23(3), p.259-574.
56.O’Neill, M. (1991b). Effects of signage and floor plan configuration on wayfinding accuracy. Environment and Behavior 23, p.553-574.
57.Passini, R. (1984). Spatial representation: A wayfinding perspective. Journal of Enviormental Psychology 4, p.153-164.
58.Pierson, Robert M. (1962). Two Aspects of Readers’ Services Areas: Recommendations to Library Planners. College and Research Libraries 23, p.166.
59.Pollet, D. (1976). New directions in library signage: You can get there from here. Wilson Library Bulletin 50(6), p.456-462.
60.Pollet, Dorthy and Haskell, Peter C. (1979). Sign Systems for Libraries: Sloving the Wayfinding Problem. New York: Bowker.
61.Ragsdale, K., Kenny, D., & Rounds, L. (1995). Effective library signage. Washington, D.C.: Association of Research Libraries.
62.Rice, Jr. James (1981). Teaching Library Use: A Guide for Library Instruction. Westport, Conn: Greenwood, p.133-134.
63.Ross, H., Dickinson, D. and Jupp, B. (1970). Geographical Orientation under Water. Human Factor 12, p.14.
64.Schwarz, C. (Ed.). (1994). The Chambers dictionary. Edinburgh, UK: Chambers, p.1607.
65.Selfridge, K. (1978). Graphics design of building sign systems. In Ronald Easterby & Harm Zwaga (Eds.), Information design. N.Y.: Information Design Journal Ltd., p.265-275.
66.Selfridge, Katherine M. (1979). Planning library signage systems. In Sign Systems for Libraries. New York: Bowker, p.49-67.
67.Sharkawy, M., & McCormick, M. (1995). Wayfinding in complex health-care environments: Linking design to research. EDRA 26, p.43-48.
68.The World Book Encyclopedia, 1972, V.12, p.213.
69.Thornsyke, P., & Stasz, C. (1980). Indivisual differences in procedures for knowledge acquisition from maps. Cognitive Psychology 120, p.137-175.
70.Venemans, P., & Daru, R. (1993). Buildings and wayfinding: A framework for guidelines. EDRA 24, p.233-240.
71.Wallace, M. (1997). The story of storyboarding – Part 3: Wayfinding. http://llrx.com/columns/guide7.htm
72.Weisman, G. (1979). Wayfinding in the built environment: A study in architectural legibility. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International.
73.Weisman, J. (1981). Evaluating Architectural Legibility: Wayfinding in the Built Environment. Environment and Behavior 13: 2, p.192-194.
74.Weisman, G. (1982). Wayfinding and architectural legibility: Design considerations in housing environments for the elderly. In V. Regnier and J. Psynoos (Eds.) Housing for the elderly: Satisfaction and preference. New York: Garland Publishing, p.137-152.
75.Wilt, J. M. Lawrence & Maienschein, Jane (1979). Symbol signs for libraries. Sign Systems for Libraries. New York: Bowker, p.105-113.
76.Yeaman, A. (1989). Lost in the information supermarket. Wilson Library Bulletin 64(4), p.42-46.
77.Zimring, C. (1981). Stress and destined environment. Journal of Social Issues 37(1), p.145-171.