臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出一種應用於鋰子電池的殘電量估測法，並結合電池電量平衡的管理系統。在殘存電量的估測方面，首先以 LabVIEW 建立一套自動化量測平台，蒐集鋰電池在不同充放電方式下的資料及分析其特性。在監測電池輸出電容量方面則提出曲線擬合法，將在不同充放電流充放電之下所測量到的不同曲線做曲線擬合，以達到準確的估測出電池的殘電量。管理系統除了可以估測電池的殘電量之外，電池電量平衡則具有提高電池使用上的效能，並應用 PIC 結合降壓電路完成電池平衡功能，這些功能有利於未來進行各種電池充放電特性之研究。

This thesis proposes a method for estimating the residual capacity of Li-ion batteries, and voltage balanced circuit for Li-ion batteries connected in series which is implemented based on single chip PIC16F877. In estimating the residual capacity of Li-ion batteries, an automatic measurement platform with LabVIEW is set up to record the data of Li-battery under different kinds of charge-discharge condition and to analyze the characteristics. A curve fitting method used in estimating battery capacity is obtained from measured results. It can accurately estimate the residual capacity of Li-ion batteries. In addition to estimate the residual capacity accurately, a battery balanced circuit is designed to improve the performance of Li-ion batteries, ensuring uniform charging voltage to be regulated well. The log files in Labview can be saved for further battery characteristics analysis.

第一章 緒論
1.1 究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究背景與發展現況 2
1.3 論文架構 4
第二章 二次電池與電池等效電路之介紹
2.1 前言 5
2.2 理想電池與實際電池的差別 5
2.3 二次電池 10
2.3.1 鉛酸電池 13
2.3.2 鎳鎘電池 14
2.3.3 鎳氫電池 15
2.3.4 鋰離子電池 16
2.3.5 鋰高分子電池 16
2.3.6 二次電池特性比較 17
2.4 燃料電池 19
2.5 電池等效電路 21
2.5.1 理想模型 21
2.5.2 線性模型 22
2.5.3 載維寧等效模型 23
2.5.4 等效電容模型 24
第三章 電池殘電量檢測與蓄電池充電方式之探討
3.1 影響電池可輸出電容量的因素 25
3.1.1 放電電流 25
3.1.2 環境溫度 27
3.1.3 電池老化 28
3.1.4 自放電率 28
3.2 電池容量檢測方法 29
3.2.1 比重法 29
3.2.2 查表法 30
3.2.3 內阻法 30
3.2.4 庫侖檢測法 31
3.2.4.1 電流加成效應 32
3.2.4.2 修正溫度影響 36
3.2.5 開路電壓法 36
3.2.6 閉迴路電壓法 37
3.2.7 各方法之比較 37
3.3 蓄電池的各式充電方法 38
3.3.1 定電壓充電法 38
3.3.2 定電流充電法 39
3.3.3 混合定電流/定電壓充電法 40
3.3.4 脈衝式充電法 40
3.3.5 Reflex充電法 42
第四章 充電電路之系統設計
4.1 前言 44
4.2 系統之硬體架構設計 44
4.2.1鋰電池串聯充電電路 45
4.2.2 平衡器 48
第五章 電池殘電量檢測演算法之建立
5.1 電池充、放電特性分析 53
5.1.1 電池量測平台建立 53
5.1.2 電池放電實驗規劃 55
5.1.3 電池量測數據分析 56
5.2 電池殘電量檢測演算法則 65
5.2.1 曲線擬合法 65
第六章 實驗量測結果
6.1 控制電路與軟體規劃 71
6.2 實驗結果 75
第七章 結論與未來展望
7.1 結論 80
7.2 未來展望 80

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