現今無線區域網路正蓬勃發展，如個人超寬頻網路UWB及區域網路WiMAX等。本篇論文即在提出可同時涵蓋WiMAX及 Ultra-wideband (UWB) 的超寬頻天線設計。此天線以50Ω微帶線饋入的平面單極印刷電路板為架構；天線的形狀由一個半圓形及矩形組合調諧而成，藉由找出適當的比例來達到阻抗頻段涵蓋WiMAX及UWB頻段的超寬頻天線(反射損耗值小於-10dB)，並成功的製作於厚度1.6mm的FR4印刷電路板上。

An extremely wideband antenna has been exploited and presented in this paper. A trimming technique that utilizes a semi-circular disk to tune the shape of rectangular wideband planar antenna, it enable us to achieve an impedance extremely wideband planar antenna whose frequency coverage from 2.5GHz up to 13.5GHz. Thus, it can be deployed for covering all modern wireless area networks simultaneously, such as the local-area network of WLAN, Wimax and the pico-area network of Ultra Wideband (UWB). Both the simulation and practical measurement results are shown to demonstrate the performance of the proposed antenna.

摘 要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 序論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 內容提要 1
第二章 天線基本原理 3
2.1 天線概述 3
2.2 天線的網路模型 4
2.3 馬克斯威爾方程式 6
2.4 天線的輻射原理 7
2.4.2 時變的電流源 8
2.4.3 時變的磁流 9
2.4.4 電磁波脫離天線的過程 10
2.5 電磁波能量傳播-玻因亭定理(Poynting Theorem) 12
2.6 天線參數 12
2.6.1 天線的輻射場型 12
2.6.2 天線的場型特性 13
2.6.3 場區劃分 14
2.6.3 指向性與增益 16
2.6.4 天線的阻抗及輻射效率 17
2.6.5 天線的極化特性 18
2.7 理想偶極 21
2.7.2 半波長偶極天線 23
2.7.3 單極天線 25
第三章 寬頻天線介紹 27
3.1 概述 27
3.2 頻寬定義 27
3.3 頻率無關的寬頻天線 28
3.3.1 等角天線 29
3.3.2 對數週期陣列(Log Periodic Arrays) 32
3.4 阻抗寬頻天線 33
3.4.2 無限長雙圓錐天線 34
3.4.3 有限長雙圓錐天線 37
3.4.4 套筒天線(Sleeve Antennas) 39
第四章 超寬頻網路單極天線 43
4.1 概述 43
4.2 酒杯形狀的單極超寬頻天線 43
4.2.1 天線設計構想 43
4.2.2 天線設計流程 43
4.2.3 天線架構 45
4.3 微帶線饋入結構 47
4.3.1 微帶線 47
4.3.2 等效介質常數、特性阻抗的近似公式 48
4.4 天線設計模擬參數調整 49
4.5 天線的實作及量測 61
第五章 結論 67
參考文獻 69

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