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研究生:吳吟咨
論文名稱:生態傾銷下最適關稅協定之研究
指導教授:賴育邦賴育邦引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立政治大學
系所名稱:財政研究所
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:財政學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2009
畢業學年度:97
語文別:中文
論文頁數:39
中文關鍵詞:生態傾銷跨國污染貿易自由化關稅污染稅
外文關鍵詞:ecological dumpingtransboundary pollutiontrade liberalizationtariffpollution tax
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在世界及地區性貿易組織的努力下, 近來關稅等貿易障礙已經普遍降低。但與此同時, 環境品質向下沉淪的疑慮也隨之而來。儘管相關的討論不在少數, 但大部分著重於外生貿易障礙調降下的策略性環境政策, 以及其對應之福利變動; 或是在合作與非合作環境政策下, 同時決定環境與貿易政策, 然而也相對較少將環境階段的扭曲納入貿易政策制定的考量中。因此, 本文旨在探討若將生態傾銷的誘因納入考量,並改採序列賽局分別決定最適環境稅與關稅時, 貿易政策合作下所制定之最適關稅協定為何?
另一方面, 我們也觀察生產性跨國污染的大小對最適關稅的影響, 並發現當污染不具跨國外溢效果時, 此時不論環境政策合作與否, 最適關稅應對該污染性財貨提供進口補貼。相對地, 若跨國污染超過一定程度時, 除非環境政策能夠合作, 否則此時應對其課徵關稅, 以避免過度生產減損社會福利。
By constructing a reciprocal-dumping model, we investigate a second-best tariff agreement when considering the linkage between the trade and the environmental policy. Though there has been much discussion about the linkage, most existing literature rarely considers the distortion when setting a trade agreement. We also take the transboundary strength of production pollution into account.
Our results show that: (1) in the absence of transboundary pollution, the optimal tariff should be an import subsidy. Thus, whether both countries coordinate on their environmental policies or not, a bilateral reduction in tariffs will enhance the global welfare. (2) On the contrary, if the transboundary pollution is sufficiently strong, then the second-best tariff should be positive,
while the first-best level is negative. In this situation, trade liberalization might decrease global welfare.
第一章 緒論............................................... 1
第一節 研究動機與目的...................................... 1
第二節 研究方法與限制....................................... 3
第三節 本文架構............................................ 4
第二章 文獻回顧............................................ 5
第一節 策略性環境政策工具.................................... 5
第二節 次佳環境與貿易政策.................................... 9
第三節 討論............................................... 12
第三章 基本模型設定........................................ 14
第一節 消費者行為.......................................... 14
第二節 廠商行為........................................... 16
第三節 政府之策略性行為.................................... 19
第四章 最適污染稅.......................................... 21
第一節 非合作環境政策下之最適污染稅.......................... 21
第二節 合作環境政策下之最適污染稅............................ 24
第五章 最適關稅........................................... 26
第一節 充分合作之最適關稅................................... 26
第二節 部分合作之次佳關稅................................... 28
第六章 考量跨國污染之環境與貿易政策.......................... 30
第一節 充分合作之最適污染稅與關稅............................ 31
第二節 部分合作之次佳污染稅與關稅............................ 33
第七章 結論............................................... 35
參考文獻.................................................. 36
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