臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要可以分成兩部份，首先水流以浸沒方式模擬洪水通過連續式透水結構物，探討平均流與紊流之特性，利用實驗室中15m×0.6m ×0.6m之循環渠道配合音波都普勒流速儀（acoustic Doppler Velo- cimeter，ADV）進行量測試驗，研究結果瞭解水流通過浸沒連續式透水結構物相應之流速、紊流強度、紊流動能及雷諾剪力分布情形；另一方面，本研究與Cui（2002）所做的連續式不透水結構物數值模擬結果比較，比較結果得知透水結構物後方的回流區只有一個，並無發現結構物前方的回流區與後方的角落渦流，且回流區大小較不透水結構物來得窄且短，發生位置也因通過結構物穿越流的影響出現在較下游處，底床剪應力亦由於回流區的不同，使得剪應力正負值不如不透水結構物轉換頻繁，呈現較為均勻的狀況。最後，本文利用分析結果提出本實驗成果在工程上的應用。

The purpose of this study can be divided into two parts. First, Water immerged situations are used to simulate the flood water through the Series porous structures. There is a circulated flume(15m × 0.6m × 0.6m) with acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) for measuring. Discussion on the averaged flow and turbulence characteristics is proposed here. This part is to understand the velocity, turbulence intensity, turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds shear distributions related to the flood flow through the immerged Series porous structures. On the other hand, the present results are used to compare with the existing numerical results of series impermeable structures of Cui(2002). This comparison shows that the water behind the series porous structures have only one recirculation region, and there is no recirculation region in front of the structure and the corner eddy current, compared with the series impermeable structures. Location the recirculation is affected as a result of bleed flow to take place in a more downstream point, Bed shear stress is also due to the different recirculation region, so the shear stress is not as impermeable as so many positive and negative conversion., The present results of this experiment can be applied to engineering applications.

摘要............I
Abstract........II
誌謝...........III
目錄............IV
圖目錄..........VI
表目錄.........IX
照片目錄.........X
符號說明..........XI
第一章 緒論......................1
1-1 前言.........................1
1-2 水流通過透水結構物之型式.....2
1-3 前人研究.....................3
1-4 研究目的及方法...............7
1-5 本文架構 .................9
第二章 理論背景.................11
2-1 紊流強度與動能 ........11
2-2 ADV量測理論 ........13
2-3 福祿數與雷諾數之定義........15
2-3-1 雷諾數 ................15
2-3-2 福祿數 ................15
2-4 底床剪應力係數定義 ........15
第三章 實驗設備及實驗方法.......17
3-1 實驗設備 ................17
3-1-1 人工試驗玻璃渠道 ........17
3-1-2 實驗儀器設備 ........18
3-1-3 三角堰之率定 ........20
3-1-4 消除雜訊 ................21
3-2 實驗佈置 ................22
.3-3 預備實驗... ........22
3-4 實驗方法與步驟 ........22
3-4-1 實驗方法 ................22
3-4-2 實驗步驟 ................23
第四章 實驗結果分析及比較.......30
4-1 平均流速 ................30
4-1-1 縱向平均流速 ........30
4-1-2 垂向平均流速 ........31
4-2 紊流強度之分析 ........32
4-3 雷諾剪應力之分析 ........33
4-4 紊流動能之分析 ........34
4-5 連續式不透水結構物比較 34
4-5-1 迴流區比較 ........35
4-5-2 紊流強度比較 ........35
4-5-3 雷諾剪應力比較 ........36
4-5-4 底床剪應力係數比較 36
4-6 水工結構物上之應用 ........37
4-6-1 迴流區及再接觸點的位置 37
4-6-2 紊流動能的分佈 ........38
4-6-3 底床受到的剪力 ........38
第五章 結論與建議...............56
5-1 結論 ................56
5-2 建議 ................57
參考文獻 ................58
附錄A ........................60

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