臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

人們在進行決策判斷時，常會受到情緒的影響。當生理與心智逐漸面臨老化時，我們會經歷到情緒的改變，對於喜好的判斷也會隨著有所不同。與年齡有關的情感判斷研究，有助於了解認知與心理層面的適應歷程與改變。本研究利用三個實驗來探討老年人與年輕人在情感判斷與偏好的差異。實驗一為選擇故事閱讀作業，其結果顯示，老年人比年輕人容易避開可能會引發負向經驗的訊息。在實驗二的情境評量作業中，老年人解讀正向情境時，會給予較高的評價。最後在實驗三中，針對顏色與形狀的抽象圖形作業，老年人的選擇比年輕人的選擇較具多樣性。由研究結果看來，隨著年紀增長，人越來越能夠選擇對自己最具有適應性的情緒。就某方面而言，似乎人們越老越有智慧。

Decisions are rarely made without emotion. Since how we experience emotion changes as our body and mind grows older, our judgment of likes and dislikes may also change with age. The study of age-related changes in affective judgment is critical to the understanding of developmental changes in cognition and psychological adaptation. Three experiments were conducted in this thesis to examine age differences in affective judgments and preferences. Results showed that, in comparison with younger adults, older adults were more likely to avoid making choices leading to potentially negative experiences, to assign greater weight to positive aspect when asked to interpret a situation, and to consider a wider variety of color and shape options in completing abstract configurations. It appeared that people do grow wiser as they grow older, at least in the sense that they become more adapt at choosing what sort of emotional experiences to consume.

Abstract (English) i
Abstract (Chinese) ii
Acknowledgement iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Tables vi
List of Figures vii
List of Appendixes viii
Introduction 1
Aging and the positivity effect 2
Aging and motivated cognition 3
Aging and decision making 7
The present research 10
Experiment 1 11
Theoretical background 11
Method 14
Results 17
Discussion 21
Experiment 2 23
Theoretical background 23
Method 26
Results 29
Discussion 33
Experiment 3 35
Theoretical background 35
Method 38
Results 42
Discussion 45
General Discussion 47
References 52
Appendixes 62

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