臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

長久以來，以二氧化鈦光觸媒去除汙染物質的研究一直在進行著，但奈米二氧化鈦的團聚現象與使用於汙水中無法將其單獨收回再利用的缺點卻成為無法應用在工業上的關鍵；如何改善上述之情形並使光觸媒能夠被廣泛地使用，將是往後光觸媒研究的重點。
本次研究利用高嶺石具有層狀結構之特性，以溶膠凝膠法將二氧化鈦分子插入高嶺石層間製備高嶺石/二氧化鈦複合粉末，藉由異質成核之理論改善二氧化鈦易團聚而降低比表面積的性質，提高其活性；且因高嶺石與二氧化鈦同屬白色粉末，於商業應用上，較低價的高嶺石與二氧化鈦複合後可部分取代二氧化鈦，達到節省原料之效。
本研究將所得之光觸媒利用TEM照片進行驗證，確定高嶺石/二氧化鈦複合粉末之存在，並輔以XRD與FTIR證明二氧化鈦與高嶺石之間的相互作用，說明二氧化鈦確實插層進入高嶺石之層間。在光反應降解亞甲基藍測試中，高嶺石/二氧化鈦光觸媒顯現了不亞於市售P25光觸媒的光反應效果，主要是因為Ti-O-Si鍵結可抑制二氧化鈦結晶的成長，故可利用較高煆燒溫度獲得較佳之結晶度，以提升其光反應之效能。

The nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been commonly used in degradation of organic contaminants in air and water. But its aggregation and hard to separate from the water treatment system make this technology unviable as an industrial process. How to improve the above situation and make the photocatalyst can be widely used will be the key technical challenge in this area.
The raw kaolinite was first intercalated by dimethyl sulfoxide (DSMO). This process may expand the interlamellar space and make more amorphous TiO2 contact with kaolinite. Then a titania intercalated kaolinite photocatalyst was synthesized by a two step sol-gel method include hydrolysis of tetraisopropyl titanate and mixing with pre-treated kaolinite/DMSO complexes. The kaolinite/TiO2 photocatalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to ensure the intercalation result of TiO2 particles.
The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution. The kaolinite/TiO2 photocatalyst demonstrated an enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with bare TiO2 or P25, a commercial photocatalyst. Since the kaolinite/TiO2 photocatalyst can be easily separated from water treatment system and fix the aggregation problem of TiO2, it could be the solution for an industrial water treatment process.

總目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究目的 2
第二章 理論基礎與前人研究 3
2-1 高嶺石簡介 3
2-1-1 高嶺石結構 3
2-2 二甲基亞砜(DMSO)簡介 5
2-3 二氧化鈦簡介 6
2-3-1 二氧化鈦結構 6
2-3-2 光催化機制 9
2-3-3 二氧化鈦光催化機制 10
2-4 溶膠凝膠(sol- gel)法及鍵結模式 13
2-5-1 二氧化鈦製備之方法[15-16] 13
2-5-2 溶膠凝膠法 16
2-5-3 影響溶膠凝膠法之因素 17
2-5 以二氧化鈦插層高嶺石/ DMSO複合粉末 19
2-5-1 高嶺石插層反應 19
2-5-2 高嶺石/二氧化鈦鍵結模式 22
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 23
3-1 實驗藥品 23
3-2 實驗方法及流程 24
3-2-1 實驗方法簡述 24
3-2-2 起始膠體製備 25
3-2-3 熱處理條件 25
3-3 性質分析 27
3-3-1 物理性質分析 27
第四章 結果與討論 34
4-1 物理性質分析 34
4-1-1 DMSO插層效果鑑定 35
4-1-2 熱行為 36
4-1-3 結晶相鑑定及結晶粒徑 38
4-1-4 粉末表面鍵結 42
4-1-5 粉末型態與微結構觀察 45
4-2 光催化效能 51
4-2-1 亞甲基藍分解 51
第五章 結論與建議 55
參考文獻 57

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