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We explore the error patterns of the fraction computation in the fourth and fifth grade students of elementary school, by the concept-analysis, computation of fraction and the error patterns, further understood the related difficulty of fraction. In chapter 2 we present document analysis, based on the concept of fraction, to attempt to find the source of errors in fraction computation. The findings of this paper are as follows:“The source of errors in fraction computation comes from misconception of fraction, we suggest to use diagnostic teaching of fraction concept, to clarify and to correct the misconception of fraction.”We also discuss the influence of errors in fraction computation due to fraction concept. In chapter 3 we use mathematics textbooks for elementary school of in 2008 as the range of research. We adopt textbooks of edition by majority of elementary school. From these editions, the method of “content analysis” is used at related fraction unit, especially on design rationale and match up to competence indicators.
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