臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

翻譯時譯文訊息務必流暢，讓讀者容易處理；譯者需要處理主詞、動詞和受詞相關的詞序問題；譯者需要選擇一個起始點，讓譯文有條理地發展；譯者也需要將表層文本做前後連貫的組織。這些問題可分成四大類：訊息結構、交際動態說限制、主位推進模式和銜接手法。以往這四個主題的研究皆引用日常英語當例句。本研究的設計，將單語例句擴充為中、英雙語，並引用人體生理學第七版教科書中的例句。本研究的目的在於瞭解文中提到的理論架構、限制、模式和手法是否適用於生物相關的中、英文本。應用布朗和耶魯(Brown and Yule)的英文模式和屈承熹(Chu)的中文模式來識別中、英文的已知訊息。運用陳融(Rong Chen)的交際動態說限制，說明中文的主詞、動詞和受詞的詞序問題。採用布勞爾與布勞爾(Bloor and Bloor)的主位推進模式，解釋原文和譯文的發展。運用韓禮德與哈桑(Halliday and Hasan)的銜接手法產生表層文本的連貫性。按照訊息結構翻譯的譯文，會依照已知訊息、新訊息的先後順序，讓讀者在短時間內迅速處理譯文訊息。交際動態說讓譯文更貼近中文的主詞、動詞和受詞的詞序動態。譯者對原文主位推進模式的觀察能有效地複製在譯文上。譯者運用銜接手法能創造譯文表層結構的連貫性。本研究所提出的架構與模式在中、英文生物學相關教科書翻譯上的運用同樣有效，不過，交際動態說較適用於中文，因為中文的詞序是按照個別句子要素動態的大小做排列。

When producing target text, translators have to make the information flow easy for target readers to process; they have to deal with subject, verb and object-related word order issues; they have to choose a starting point to systematically develop target text; they also have to organize surface text in a coherent way. These issues can be classified into four categories: information structure, Communicative Dynamism constraints, Thematic Progression models and cohesive devices. Previous studies in these four subjects quote everyday English language as sentence examples. The present study is designed to expand from monolingual examples to English Chinese bilingual ones and quote examples from Human Physiology the Mechanisms of Body Function seventh edition. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the proposed theoretical frameworks, constraints, models and devices are applicable to both English and Chinese biology-related text. Brown and Yule’s patterns of English and Chu’s patterns of Mandarin are utilized to identify the given information in both languages. Chen’s Communicative Dynamism constraints are applied to account for Mandarin’s subject, verb and object ordering issues. Bloor and Bloor’s Thematic Progression models are adopted to explain both source and target text development. Cohesive devices proposed by Halliday and Hasan are employed to create surface text coherence. Translators can follow the framework of information structure to produce the target text which observes the rule of placing given information before new so that readers spend less time processing target text information. Translators can adopt the concept of Communicative Dynamism to follow more closely on the dynamism of Mandarin’s subject, verb and object word order. Translators can observe the Thematic Progression models of the source text and effectively reproduce the target text accordingly. Translators can utilize cohesive devices to create the coherence of the surface text. Most of the frameworks and models proposed in this study are equally effective in both English and Chinese biology-related textbook translation. However, the concept of Communicative Dynamism is more applicable to Chinese since Chinese language arranges its word order according to the amount of dynamism each sentence element carries.

ABSTRACT(CHINESE).......................................i
ABSTRACT(ENGLISH)......................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................v
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION................................1
1.1 Background of the Study...........................1
1.2 Purpose of the Study..............................2
1.3 Methods...........................................2
1.4 Findings and Discussion...........................3
1.5 Delimitation of this Study........................3
1.6 Organization of the Study.........................3
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW...........................5
2.1 Information Structure.............................5
2.2 Word Order........................................5
2.3 The Textual Organization..........................7
2.3.1 The Concept of Register.....................7
2.3.2 Thematic Progression........................7
2.4 Cohesion..........................................8
CHAPTER THREE INFORMATION STRUCTURE.....................9
3.1 Definitions Related Issues.......................12
3.2 How are Givenness and Newness Signaled in Text?..14
3.3 Givenness and its Syntactic Form.................15
3.4 Conclusion.......................................24
CHAPTER FOUR WORD ORDER................................26
4.1 Basic Concepts behind Communicative Dynamism.....27
4.2 Communicative Dynamism Applied in the Analysis of
Mandarin Chinese.................................30
4.3 The Position of the Subject......................36
4.4 Constraints on Mandarin Chinese Word Order.......39
4.5 Conclusions......................................44
CHAPTER FIVE THE TEXTUAL ORGANIZATION..................46
5.1 Theoretical Framework of Register................48
5.2 Theme/Rheme Boundary and Thematic Development....51
5.3 Thematic Progression Analysis....................66
5.4 Concluding remarks...............................74
CHAPTER SIX COHESION...................................76
6.1 The Framework of Reference.......................81
6.2 Lexical Cohesion.................................82
6.2.1 Collocation................................85
6.2.2 Reiteration................................93
6.3 Conclusion.......................................97
CHAPTER SEVEN FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION..................99
7.1 Information Structure............................99
7.2 Word Order......................................100
7.3 The Textual Organization........................101
7.4 Cohesion........................................101
REFERENCES............................................103

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Pan, J. T. (1999). Human physiology: The mechanisms of body function (seventh edition). Taipei, Taiwan: Ho-Chi. [潘震澤。(1999)。《人體生理學》(第七版)。臺北：合記。]
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