臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在兒童語法研究中，許多研究利用語言實驗或語言發展評量，如：平均語句長度（MLU;Brown, 1973）及語法發展指標(IPSyn; Scarborough, 1990)，來觀察兒童的語言發展。然而，這些評量主要都是以英文兒童為測量對象，測量中文兒童的語言發量指標則尚未建立。因此，本文旨在建立漢語語法發展指標來測量中文兒童在漢語語法上的發展。
本研究所採用的語料是來自兒童語料交換系統（CHILDES
Database）的中文語料庫(Chinese Chang corpus, 2005)以及7份自行收集的語料。中文語料庫有24位3至6歲中文兒童之跨齡語料，加上另外7位2至5歲中文兒童之語料，本研究共有31份中文語料。這些語料都是兒童與媽媽(或研究者)在說故事或玩積木時的之間對話所收集而成的。每份語料按照語法發展指標之標準去計算每個句型的出現次數而得出一個總分，再來測驗漢語語法發展指標的信效度。各分析結果顯示，漢語語法發展指標是具有信度及有效語言測量工具。另外，我們發現語句數的多寡會影響語法發展指標的表現，因此，測量中文兒童語法發展需應用在至少有75句的語料上。

Table of Contents
Table of Contents ii
Acknowlegement vii
Abstract vii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Literature Review 7
2.1 Syntactic Development in English by Length-MLU 8
2.1.1 Acquisition of Different Types of Sentences 9
2.1.1.1. Negation 10
2.1.1.2. Question 11
2.1.2. Later Developments of Syntactic Structures 13
2.1.2.1. Passive 13
2.1.2.2. Coordination 15
2.1.2.3. Relative Clauses 16
2.2. Syntactic Development in English by Types—IPSyn 17
2.3. Syntactic Development in Mandarin Chinese 21
2.3.1. One-Word Stage 21
2.3.2. Simple Sentence Stage 22
2.3.3. Embedded Sentence Stage 23
2.3.4. Compound Sentence Stage 23
2.3.5. Acquisition of Different Types of Sentences 25
Chapter 3 Methodology 29
3.1. Language Samples 29
3.2. Materials 34
3.3 Data Analysis 38
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 43
4.1. Corpus size effect 47
4.2. Reliability 49
4.3. Validity 53
4.3.1 Content validity 54
4.3.1.1. Noun phrase subscale 54
4.3.1.2. Verb phrase subscale 55
4.3.1.3. Question and negation subscale 56
4.3.1.4. Sentence Structures subscale 58
4.3.2. Concurrent validity 59
Chapter 5 Conclusions 63
5.1. Summary of the study 63
5.2. Limitations of the study 65
References 67
Appendix 1 72
Appendix 2 76

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