臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

試驗旨在探討飼糧中添加交織頂孢黴(冬蟲夏草之一種)菌絲體對於白肉雞及台灣鬥雞生長、屠體性狀及免疫力之影響。第一部份：試驗一，以60隻1週齡愛拔益加白肉雞逢機分置於飼糧中添加交織頂孢黴菌絲體0、0.1、0.3及0.5%的處理中，每處理組3重複，試驗期間4週，各處理組的生長性狀與對照組皆無顯著差異(P > 0.05)；試驗二，於試驗一結束後將各組公雞挑出(0%，n=10；0.1%，n=7；0.3%，n=7；0.5%，n=5)，按原處理個別籠飼，試驗期間7週，0.5%處理組5週齡體重顯著較對照組低(P < 0.05)，0.3%處理組在12週齡體重、1-12週齡增重為所有組中最高者(P < 0.05)，與對照組比較則無顯著差異(P > 0.05)，但分別改善體重4.8%及體增重4.9%。冠高方面，各處理組與對照組比較無顯著差異(P > 0.05)，0.5%處理組冠長顯著較對照組低(P < 0.05)。各處理組屠體性狀與對照組相比無顯著差異(P > 0.05)。第二部分：試驗一，試驗動物計分為兩批次，第一批次以36隻健康良好、體重相近之10週齡台灣鬥雞作逢機分置於飼糧中添加交織頂孢黴菌絲體0、0.1、0.5及1%的處理中，個別籠飼，每處理3重複，第二批次以80隻健康良好、體重相近之10週齡台灣鬥雞逢機分置於飼糧中添加交織頂孢黴菌絲體酵產物0、0.1、0.5及1%的處理中，每處理2重複，試驗期間10週，0.5及1%處理組與對照組相比，其10-13週齡增重及飼料轉換率、13-20週齡雄性外觀率皆有顯著改善的效果(P < 0.05)；試驗二，以45隻健康良好、體重相近之20週齡台灣鬥雞作為試驗動物，逢機分置於飼糧中添加交織頂孢黴菌絲體0、0.1、0.5、1及3%的處理中，個別籠飼，每處理組3重複，試驗期間9週，各處理組的生長性狀、屠體性狀、免疫性狀與白血球次群與對照組相比均無顯著差異(P > 0.05)。綜上所述，飼糧中添加0.5%及1%交織頂孢黴菌絲體可促進台灣鬥雞雞冠發育，改善其10-13週齡增重及飼料轉換率。

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of feed supplemented with Acremonium implicatum mycelium (one species of the winter worm summer grass) on the growth performance, carcass traits and immunity of the broilers and Taiwan fightcocks. The first part of the experiment: In the trial 1, sixty 1 wk Arbor acres chicks were randomly assigned into the treatments with the feed supplemented with A. implicatum mycelium 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% with three replicates for a 4-week feeding trial. The growth performance in all treatments had no difference as compared with control. In the trial 2, twenty nine 5wk Arbor acres male chicks were picked (0%, n=10; 0.1%, n=7; 0.3%, n=7; 0.5%, n=5) and fed as the original treatments in the individual cages for a 7-week feeding trial. The 5 wk BW of the 0.5% treatment were lower than control (P < 0.05). Although the 12 wk BW and 1-12 wk WG of the 0.3% treatment had no difference as compared with control, they were the highest among all the groups (P < 0.05), and were improved 4.8, 4.9%, respectively. The comb length of the 0.5% treatment were significantly lower than the control (P < 0.05). The carcass traits of all treatments had no difference as compared with control (P > 0.05). The second part of the experiment: In the trial 1, the experimental animals were divided into two batches. In the first batch and second batch, thirty six and eighty healthy 10 wk Taiwan fightcocks were randomly assigned into the treatments with feed supplemented with A. implicatum mycelium 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1% with three and two replicates for a 10-week feeding trial. And the chickens in the first and second batch were fed in the individual cages and floor pens respectively. The 0.5 and 1% treatments could significantly increase 10-13 wk WG and FCR, and improve the comb appearance. In the trial 2, forty five 20 wk healthy male Taiwan fightcocks were randomly assigned into the treatments with feed supplemented with A. implicatum mycelium 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 3% with three replicates in the individual cages for a 9-week feeding trial. The growth performance, carcass traits, immunity and leukocyte subpopulation had no difference as compared with control (P > 0.05). In conclusion, feed supplemented with 0.5% and 1% A. implicatum mycelium could improve the comb development and 10-13 wk WG and FCR of the Taiwan fightcocks.

Ⅰ. 前言…………………………………………………….……….. 1
Ⅱ. 文獻探討
一、冬蟲夏草
(一) 簡介........…………………………………………….….... 3
(二) 分類......................……………….…………………….…. 4
二、冬蟲夏草活性成分與效用
(一) 腺苷………………………………………………………. 5
(二) 蟲草素...………………………….………………………. 5
(三) N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl) adenosine………………………….. 6
(四) 麥角固醇.....................……………….…………………... 6
(五) 多醣…….....................……………….…………………... 7
(六) 甘露糖醇…………………………………………………. 8
三、冬蟲夏草臨床應用
(一) 刺激雄性動物睪固酮分泌………………………………. 9
(二) 對免疫力的影響
1. 對淋巴球的影響…………………………………......... 10
2. 對吞噬細胞的影響………………………………......... 10
3. 對自然殺手細胞(NK cells)的影響………………….... 11
(三) 其他臨床效果……………………...…....……….............. 11
四、在畜產之應用…………………………………………….……. 14
五、雞隻免疫系統 12
(一) 免疫器官介紹
1. 骨髓…………….………………………………….…... 16
2. 胸腺.………...….……………………………….……... 17
3. 華氏囊.………..….…………………………….….…... 17
(二) 免疫細胞與免疫反應.…...……….………………….…... 18
六、公雞雄性素合成及其影響
(一) 雄性素之生成.…...……….………………………….…... 21
(二) 雄性素對生理的影響
1. 對雞冠外觀的影響……..………………………….….. 22
2. 對生長的影響………...……………………….………. 23
3. 對肌肉的影響………...………………………….……. 23
4. 對免疫反應的影響………..……………………….….. 24
5. 對血液學的影響………..……………………….…….. 24
Ⅲ. 試驗部份
第一部份：飼糧中添加交織頂孢黴菌絲體對白肉雞生長性狀及
雄性性徵之影響
前言…..………………………………………………… 27
材料與方法.…………………………………………… 28
結果與討論.…………………………………………… 30
第二部份：飼糧中添加交織頂孢黴菌絲體對台灣鬥雞生長性狀
、雄性性徵及免疫力之影響
前言.…………………………………………………… 38
材料與方法.…………………………………………… 39
結果與討論…..………………………………………… 44
Ⅳ. 結論…………..………………………………………..…..….… 62
Ⅴ. 參考文獻..……………….……………………………………… 63

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