臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文是利用液相沉積法成長二氧化鈦膜薄膜於氧化銦錫玻璃基板上作為緩衝層，再將二氧化鈦顆粒旋轉塗佈於緩衝層上作為染料敏化太陽能電池陽極。並利用液相沉積法與氟化銨製備氟氮共摻雜的二氧化鈦，使二氧化鈦的光吸收邊界移至可見光區。利用掃描式電子顯微鏡探討表面型態與膜厚，X光繞射儀探討結構，光電子能譜儀探討化學特性，紫外光-可見光吸收光譜儀探討吸收光譜，電流-電壓曲線量測探討染料敏化太陽能特性。實驗結果得到最佳的開路電壓為0.71伏特，短路電流為5.14毫安培，轉換效率1.91 %，填充因子可達52.5 %。

In this study, we deposit titanium dioxide (TiO2) on the indium tin oxide (ITO/glass) substrate by a liquid phase deposition (LPD) method as a buffer layer and coat TiO¬2 particles on LPD-TiO2 films by spin-coating method as anode of dye-sensitize solar cell (DSSC). In order to adjust the optical absorption edge of titanium dioxide to the visible light, we co-dope fluorine and nitrogen into TiO2 by LPD method and Ammonium Fluoride (NH4F).
In our experiment, the morphology and thickness was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical properties was characterized by electron spectroscope chemical analysis (ESCA), structural and spectral properties were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and current-voltage (I-V) characterization of solar cells was measured by B1500A.
In our results, we enhance the performance of TiO2 as a DSSC`s anode, the open circuit voltage can reach to 0.71 V, the short circuit current can reach to 5.14 mA, the conversion efficiency can reach to 1.91 % and the fill factor can reach to 52.5 %.

Chapter 1 1
Introduction 1
1-1 Background 1
1-2 Photovoltaic cell performance 2
1-3 Operating principles of DSSC 4
1-4 Preparations of TiO2 6
1-5 Motivation 7
1-5.1 TiO2 buffer layer 7
1-5.2 N-F co-doped in TiO2 7
Reference 13
Chapter 2 15
Experiment 15
2-1 Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Substrate Cleaning Procedures 15
2-2 Preparation of Solution 16
2-2.1 Preparation of (NH4)2TiF6 Solution 16
2-2.2 Preparation of Boric Acid Solution 16
2-2.3 Preparation of Ammonium Fluoride Solution 16
2-2.4 Preparation of Dye Solution 17
2-2.5 Preparation of Electrolyte Solution 17
2-2.6 Equipments 17
2-3 Preparation of TiO2 Anode 18
2-3.1 Preparation of LPD-TiO2 Film 18
2-3.2 Preparation of TiO2 Porous Layer 18
2-3.3 Preparation of NH4TiOF3-Converted TiO2 18
2-3.4 Preparation of NH4F-Treated TiO2 19
2-4 Fabrication of Solar Cell 19
2-5 Physical and Chemical Properties 20
Chapter 3 27
Results and Discussion 27
3-1 LPD-TiO2 Films on ITO Substrate 27
3-1.1 FE-SEM Views of LPD-TiO2 Films 28
3-2 F and N Co-doped Nanocrystalline Anatase Phase TiO2Converted from NH4TiOF3 28
3-2.1 Physical Properties of NH4TiOF3-Converted TiO2 28
3-2.2 ESCA Analysis for NH4TiOF3-Converted TiO2 30
3-2.3 UV-vis Adsorption Spectra of NH4TiOF3-Converted TiO2 30
3-3 Influence of the NH4F Treatment on P25-TiO2 31
3-3.1 Physical Properties of NH4F-Treated TiO2 31
3-3.2 ESCA Analysis for NH4F-Treated TiO2 31
3-3.3 UV-vis Adsorption Spectra of NH4F-Treated TiO2 32
3-4 Performance and Applications of the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 33
3-4.1 Effect of LPD-TiO2 Films on DSSC 33
3-4.2 Effect of NH4TiOF3-Converted TiO2 on DSSC 33
3-4.3 Effect of NH4F-Treated TiO2 on DSSC 34
Reference 59
Chapter 4 61
Conclusions 61

[1.1] Martin A. Green, Keith Emery, Yoshihiro Hishikawa, Wilhelm
Warta, Prog. Photovolt.: Res. Appl., 17, 85,2009
[1.2] M.K. Nazeeruddin, A. Kay, I. Rodicio, R. Humphry, E. Muller, P.
Liska, N. Vlachopoulos, M. Gr¨atzel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 6382,
1993.
[1.3] http://www.pv.unsw.edu.au/am1.5.html
[1.4] K. Tennakone, G.R.R. Kumara, I.R.M. Kottegoda, V.S.P. Perera,
Chem. Commun., 15, 1999.
[1.5] K. Sayama, H. Suguhara, H. Arakawa, Chem. Mater., 10, 3825,
1998.
[1.6] G. San Vicente, A. Morales, and M. T. Gutierrez, 391, 133, 2001.
[1.7] J. V. Grahn, M. Linder, and E. Fredriksson, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 16, 2495, 1998.
[1.8] R. Dannenberg and P. Greene, Thin Solid Films, 360, 122, 2000.
[1.9] K. S. Yeung and Y. W. Lam, Thin Solid Films, 109, 169, 1983.
[1.10] G. A. Battiston, R. Gerbasi, A. Gregori, M. Porchia, S. Cattarin,
and G. A. Rizzi, Thin Solid Films, 371, 126, 2000.
[1.11] H. S. Kim, D. C. Gilmer, S. A. Campbell, and D. L. Polla, Appl.
Phys. Lett., 69, 3860, 1996.
[1.12] Y. Gao and S. A. Chambers, Mater. Lett., 26, 217, 1996.
[1.13] H. Nagayama, H. Honda, and H. Kawahara, J. Electrochem. Soc.,
135, 2013, 1988.
[1.14] C. F. Yeh, S. S. Lin, and T. Y. Hong, IEEE Electron Device Lett.,
16, 316, 1995.
[1.15] C. F. Yeh, S. S. Lin, C. L. Chen, and Y. C. Yang, IEEE Electron
Device Lett., 14, 403, 1993.
[1.16] S. Deki, Y. Aoi, O. Hiroi, and A. Kajinami, Chem. Lett., 17, 433,
1996.
[1.17] H. Kishimoto, K. Takahama, N. Hashimoto, Y. Aoi, and S. Deki,
J. Mater. Chem., 8, 2019, 1998.
[1.18] Cameron P. J. and Peter L. M., J. Phys. Chem. B, 107, 14394,
2003.
[1.19] Xia J., Masaki N., Jiang K. and Yanagida S., J. Phys. Chem. B,
110, 25222, 2006.
[1.20] Hart J. N., Menzies D., Cheng Y. B., Simon G. P. and Spiccia L.,
C. R. Chimie, 9, 622, 2006.
[1.21] I. G. Maslennikova, N. M. Laptash, T. A. Kaidalova, and V. Y.
Kavun, Spectroscopy Letters, 34, 775, 2001.
[1.22] D. Li, H. Haneda, S. Hishita, and N. Ohashi, Chem. Mater., 17,
2588, 2005.
[3.1] I. Moriguchi, K. Sonoda, K. Matuso, S. Kagawa, and T. Yasutake, Chem. Commun., 15, 1344, 2001.
[3.2] H. Nagayama, H. Honda, and H. Kawahara, J. Electrochem. Soc., 359, 2013, 1988.
[3.3] S. Deki, T. Aoi, O. Hiroi, and A. Kajinami, J. Mater. Chem., 32, 4269, 1997.
[3.4] R. H. Schmitt, H. L. Glove, and R. D. Brown, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 82, 5292, 1960.
[3.5] C. A. Wamser, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 73, 409, 1951.
[3.6] J. C. Yu, J. Yu, L. Zhang, and W. Ho, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 148, 263, 2002.
[3.7] J. Pouilleau, D. Devilliers, H. Groult, P. Marcus, J. Mater. Sci., 32, 5645, 1998.
J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 10863, 2004.
[3.9] D. Li, H. Haneda, S. Hishita, N. Ohashi, and N. K. Labhsetwar,
J. Fluorine Chem., 126, 69, 2005.
[3.10] Dong-Gen Huanga, Shi-Jun Liaoa, Jun-Min Liua, Zhi Danga and Leslie Petrikb, J. Photochem. Photobio. A, 184, 282, 2006.
[3.11] J.C. Yu, J. Yu, W. Ho, Z. Jiang, and L. Zhang, Chem. Mater., 14, 3808, 2002.
[3.12] Z.L. Liu, B. Guo, L. Hong, and H.X. Jiang, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 66, 161,2005.
[3.13] A. Bensalem, F. Bozon-Verduraz, M. Delamar, and G. Bugli, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 121, 81, 1995.