臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　本研究設計並製作一套整合鐵顆粒濃度量測單元以及黏度量測單元之檢測裝置。兩量測單元分別從設計模型之理論分析、元件組件之設計製圖與加工乃至實體組裝完成。最後此整合裝置再經反覆的檢測性能分析。
　　在鐵顆粒濃度量測單元中，利用磁路的歐姆定律以及磁阻定律設計電磁鐵磁極之結構及磁場強度，使潤滑油中鐵顆粒被吸附之位置集中。此被吸附之鐵顆粒與磁通感測器呈串聯磁路。測試結果顯示此磁通感測器量測鐵顆粒濃度之靈敏度比舊有並聯方式高約600倍。以相同樣品油重複測試八次所測得濃度值之重現性誤差達 ± 0.3ppm以內。
　　在黏度量測單元中，使用活塞擠壓潤滑油的方式來量測黏度，並且量測單元內容易清洗乾淨，因而提升黏度量測精度與重現性。以相同樣品油重複測試八次所測得黏度值之重現性誤差達 ± 5%以下。
　　兩量測單元已整合成為一檢測裝置，其量測精度與重現性互不干涉，且僅需一次樣品油分析流程即可量測鐵磨耗顆粒濃度以及黏度值。因此使用者可藉此檢測裝置，檢測循環於機械設備中之潤滑油，即時掌握設備磨耗情形以及潤滑油劣化情形。

　　An integrated device, which can be used to detect the ferrous particle concentration and the viscosity of the lubricating oils, is designed and manufactured. These two measurement units are conducted through the theoretical analysis of the design model, and the design drawing, the manufacturing, and the assembly of the components, respectively. Finally, the experiments are conducted to detect the performance of this integrated device.
　　In the measurement unit of the ferrous particle concentration, the geometry for the poles of the magnet and the air-gap flux density are designed using the Ohm’s law and the magnetic hysteresis law, so that the ferrous particles in the lubricating oils is captured by the magnetic attraction at the air gap between the poles of the magnet. The pile of ferrous particles is connected with the Hall-effect sensors into a magnetic circuit. Results show that the sensitivity of the ferrous concentration measured using the magnetic circuit in series is about 600 times that using the magnetic circuit in parallel. The error is less than 0.3 ppm under the eight repeat tests.
　　In the measurement unit of the viscosity of the lubricating oils, the piston is squeezed into the oil to measure the viscosity. Since the container is easy to clean, the precision and the repeatability can be promoted. The error is less than 5% under the eight repeat tests.
　　When these two units are integrated into a measuring device, it is found that the interference between them can be neglected, and only one analysis procedure of sample oil can measure the ferrous particle concentration and the viscosity of the lubricating oils. Hence, the user can detect the lubricating oils used in many machines using this device to understand the abnormal wear and the deterioration of the oil.

誌謝..................................................................................II
總目錄.............................................................................III
圖目錄.............................................................................VI
表目錄.............................................................................IX
摘要.................................................................................X
Abstract..........................................................................XI
第一章 緒論.....................................................................1
1.1磨潤問題改善的必要性............................................1
1.2 機械壽命判定方式...................................................2
1.3 鐵相分析儀的發展...................................................3
1.3.1 鐵相分析的必要性................................................3
1.3.2 非線上(Off-line)鐵相分析儀的發展....................4
1.3.3 線上(On-line)鐵相分析儀的發展........................7
1.3.4 線上與非線上鐵相分析儀之互補應用性............9
1.4潤滑油黏度之量測及其重要性...............................10
1.5 鐵顆粒濃度與黏度之整合監測儀器......................12
1.6 本研究的目標..........................................................13
第二章 檢測器之設計理論............................................14
2.1 鐵顆粒濃度量測......................................................14
2.1.1 以往的量測方式...................................................14
a. 並聯磁路磁通感測.....................................................14
b. 串聯磁路磁通感測.....................................................15
2.1.2 本研究的量測方式...............................................16
a. 設計過程.....................................................................16
b. 設計結果與理論分析.................................................17
2.2 黏度量測..................................................................19
2.2.1 以往的量測方式...................................................19
2.2.2 本研究的量測方式...............................................19
a. 設計需求及過程.........................................................19
b. 設計結果之理論分析.................................................21
c. 細部設計與零件組合圖.............................................25
第三章 檢測系統之設計與製造....................................27
3.1 整合檢測系統設計...................................................27
3.1.1 系統設計概念.......................................................27
3.1.2 系統運作流程.......................................................29
3.2 鐵顆粒濃度量測單元...............................................30
3.2.1 加工方法與過程...................................................30
3.2.2 顆粒吸附位置測試...............................................32
3.3 黏度量測單元...........................................................33
3.3.1 加工方法與裝配過程............................................33
3.3.2 行程控制與保護電路............................................38
3.4 取樣針筒控制單元...................................................39
3.5 數據讀取與量測範圍...............................................42
3.5.1 數據顯示方式........................................................42
3.5.2 訊號擷取電路........................................................43
3.5.3 量測元件校正........................................................44
3.5.4 量測範圍與參數....................................................45
第四章　結果與討論......................................................48
4.1 鐵顆粒濃度量測結果...............................................48
4.1.1 量測結果訊號波形................................................48
4.1.2 重現性測試以及校正曲線繪製............................49
4.1.3 濃度量測值受黏度干涉測試................................51
4.2 黏度量測結果...........................................................52
4.2.1 量測結果預估理論值............................................52
4.2.2 量測結果訊號波形................................................52
4.2.3 黏度量測結果探討................................................55
4.3 新舊機油實際量測...................................................58
4.3.1 樣品油來源............................................................58
4.3.2 鐵顆粒濃度量測結果............................................58
4.3.3 黏度量測結果........................................................59
第五章 結論.....................................................................60
參考文獻..........................................................................61

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