臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　汽車自動變速器為配置於引擎與驅動輪之間的一種傳動裝置，主要提供車輛在增減速時，引擎能維持在一定的工作轉速範圍。已量產的行星齒輪式汽車自動變速器數目雖多，但在相關比例圖畫法之設計理論上尚未完善，故本研究主要目的在於提出一套有效的行星齒輪式汽車自動變速器比例圖畫設計方法。本文首先介紹行星齒輪式汽車自動變速器的基本組成與作動原理，以及行星齒輪機構的構造圖集目錄，並建立行星齒輪式汽車自動變速器之設計規格；其次，介紹比例圖畫法之基本理論，並對現有汽車自動變速器進行分析，另一方面建立二自由度13型七桿與190型九桿行星齒輪機構之可行比例數線圖集目錄；然後，提出比例圖畫法之一般性檔位合成理論，建立四共軸構件與五共軸構件可行檔位作動順序之比例關係限制範圍，並得到可行構型之檔位作動順序與其基本齒數比範圍；最後，應用平面圖畫之離合器配置理論以及比例關係之齒數設計，進行六速自動變速器之設計。本研究結果顯示七桿二自由度行星齒輪機構與九桿二自由度行星齒輪機構確實能提供的最高檔位數分別為四速與六速。

　An automatic transmission that is a transmission device between the engine and drive wheel, offers the vehicle while increasing and decreasing the speed mainly. Its job keeps the engine within a certain working rotational speed range.　Although there are many epicyclic-type automatic transmissions in production, the related design methods of lever diagram is not well developed.　Thus, the purpose of this research is to develop a systematic design of the epicyclic gear transmissions for automobiles with lever diagrammatical methodology.　First, fundamentals and gear-shifting operations of the four-speed and six-speed epicyclic-type automatic transmissions are illustrated to establish the design requirements.　Second, based on the basic theories of lever diagram, a procedure is applied to kinematic analysis for automatic transmission existed, and set up composite lever diagrams of 13 two-DOF seven-link epicyclic gear mechanisms and 190 two-DOF nine-link epicyclic gear mechanisms.　Next, a general clutching-sequence synthesis of lever diagrammatical method are proposed and illustrated. According to the limit range of lever dimensions established for four and five coaxial components, the clutching-sequences and the ranges of basic gear ratio of the feasible gear trains can be derived.　Finally, the planar-graph representation for arranging desired clutch and the number of teeth based on lever dimensions are applied to design six-forward speeds automatic transmission. The result of this work shows that the seven-link two-DOF epicylic gear mechanisms, and the nine-link two-DOF parallel-connected epicylic gear mechanisms could reach four- and six-forward speeds at most, respectively.

中文摘要 ........................................................................................I
英文摘要 ...................................................................................... II
目錄 ............................................................................................. III
圖目錄 ..........................................................................................VI
表目錄 ..........................................................................................X
第一章 前言 ................................................................................ 1
1-1 文獻回顧 ............................................................................... 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 ................................................................... 4
1-3 論文架構 ............................................................................... 5
第二章 基本概念 ........................................................................ 7
2-1　汽車自動變速器 ................................................................ 7
2-2　行星齒輪式變速機構 ........................................................ 9
2-3　行星齒輪機構 .................................................................. 16
2-4　自動變速器之設計規格 .................................................. 18
2-5　結語 .................................................................................. 21
第三章 比例圖畫法之基本理論 .............................................. 23
3-1　基本原理 .......................................................................... 23
3-2　比例圖畫的轉速比分析程序 .......................................... 28
3-3　轉速比分析 ...................................................................... 29
3-4　轉速分析 .......................................................................... 41
3-5　結語 .................................................................................. 50
第四章 行星齒輪機構之比例數線建立 .................................. 51
4-1　比例數線建立程序........................................................... 51
4-2　四共軸構件數之比例數線 ............................................. 53
4-2-1　13型二自由度四共軸構件比例數線圖集.................. 57
4-3　五共軸構件數之比例數線.............................................. 60
4-4　結語 ................................................................................. 68
第五章 檔位合成理論 ............................................................. 69
5-1　檔位合成程序 ................................................................. 69
5-1-1　二自由度四共軸構件行星齒輪機構 ......................... 70
5-1-2　二自由度五共軸構件行星齒輪機構 ......................... 76
5-2　可行檔位作動順序判斷程序 ......................................... 81
5-2-1　四共軸構件之可行檔位作動順序 ............................. 81
5-2-2　五共軸構件之可行檔位作動順序 ............................. 87
5-3　行星齒輪機構可行檔位作動順序判認 ......................... 99
5-3-1　四共軸構件行星齒輪機構之可行檔位作動順序 ... 100
5-3-2　五共軸構件行星齒輪機構之可行檔位作動順序 ... 108
5-4　結語 ............................................................................... 115
第六章 六速自動變速器 ....................................................... 117
6-1 離合器配置理論 ............................................................. 117
6-2　離合器配置設計 ........................................................... 119
6-3　齒數設計 ....................................................................... 125
6-4　結語 ............................................................................... 134
第七章 結論與建議 ............................................................... 135
參考文獻 ................................................................................. 139
附錄一 二自由度七桿四共軸構件之二排行星齒輪機構.....143
附錄二 二自由度九桿五共軸構件之二排行星齒輪機構.... 144
附錄三 二自由度五共軸構件行星齒輪構造之比例數線圖集............................................................................................. 152
附錄四 判斷190型二自由度五共軸構件行星齒輪機構K值之合理性......................................................................................... 193

1. J. Baran, J. Hendrickson and M. Solt, “General Motors New Hydra-Matic RWD Six-Speed Automatic Transmission Family, ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 115, 2006.
2. C. Kao, A. L. Smith and P. B. Usoro, “A Five-Speed Starting Clutch Automatic Transmission Vehicle, ” SAE Transactions, 2003-01-0248.
3. B. Martin, C. J. Redinger and H. Dourra, “Chrysler 45RFE~A new generation light-truck automatic transmission , ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 108, 1999.
4. K. Nozaki, Y. Kashihara, N. Takahashi and A. Hoshino, “Toyota''s new five-speed automatic transmission A750E/A750F for RWD vehicles, ” SAE Transactions, 2003-01-0595, 2003.
5. Y. Nozaki, Y. Tanaka and H. Tomomatsu, “Toyota''s new six-speed automatic transmission A761E for RWD vehicles, ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 113, 2004.
6. N. Kobayashi, T. Tokura, K. Shiiba, T. Fukumasu, T. Asami and A. Yoshimura, “Development of New Sports Shift Control System for Toyota''s Automatic Transmission, ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 108, 1999.
7. T. W. Megli, M. Haghgooie and D. S. Colvin, “Shift characteristics of a 4-speed automatic transmission , ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 108, 1999.
8. T. Kato, H. Michioka, Y. Mikoshiba and K. Murakami, “Development of Large Capacity 5-speed Automatic Transmission (JR507E) for RWD Vehicles , ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 111, 2002.
9. S. Kasuya, T. Taniguchi, K. Tsukamoto M. Hayabuchi, M. Nishida and A. Suzuki, “AISIN AW New High Torque Capacity Six-Speed Automatic Transmission for FWD vehicles, ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 114, 2006.
10. S. Uozumi, T. Taniguchi, K. Tsukamoto, M. Hayabuchi, T. Iwatsuki and S. Kasuya, “AISIN AW new six-speed automatic transmission for RWD vehicles, ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 113, 2004.
11. H. Scherer, “ZF 6-Speed Automatic Transmission for Passenger Cars, ” SAE International, 2003-01-0596.
12. H. Ota, K. Nozaki, A. Honda, M. Kinoshita, T. Aoki, M. Todo and M. Iwase, “Toyota''s World First 8-Speed Automatic Transmission for Passenger Cars, ” SAE Transactions, 2007-01-1101.
13. C. H. Hsu, R. H. Huang, “Design of parallel-connectd epicyclic-type automatic transmission with two fundamental gear edentities, ” Proc. IMechE 2008, Vol. 222, Part D: J. Automobile Engineering.
14. M. Becker, D. Amaral, F. G. Dedini, “TEPiciclo~A software to help the planetary gear trains design, ” SAE International, 2003-01-0679.
15. 黃靖雄、賴瑞海，自動變速箱，全華圖書股份有限公司，05917。
16. 福特六和汽車公司，New Telstar訓練手冊。
17. F. Buchsbaum and F. Freudenstein, “Synthesis of Kinematic Structure of Geared Kinematic Chains and other Mechanism,” Journal of Mechanisms, Vol. 5, pp. 357-392, 1970.
18. C. H. Hsu, “An Application of Generalized Kinematic Chains to the Structural Synthesis of Nonfractionated Epicyclic Gear Trains, ” ASME Proceedings: Mechanical Design and Synthesis, De-Vol 1.46, pp. 451-458, 1992.
19. C. H. Hsu, ”A Graph Representation for the Structural Synthesis of Geared Kinematic Chains,“ Journal of the Franklin Institute, Vol 1, pp. 131-143, 1993.
20. 林建德，新圖論在行星齒輪系運動構造設計之應用，國立中山大學機械工程研究所博士論文，中華民國八十二年元月。
21. 林玉龍，行星齒輪系自動變速箱之運動構造，國立中山大學機械工程研究所博士論文，中華民國八十三年六月。
22. 葉祐君，電腦輔助行星齒輪系之運動構造設計，國立中山大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，中華民國八十九年一月。
23. 熊東台，自動變速箱之構造合成，國立成功大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，中華民國八十年五月。
24. 黃華志，自動變速箱之檔位設計與效率分析，國立成功大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，中華民國八十一年六月。
25. 徐金柱，車輛自動變速機構之系統設計，國立中山大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，中華民國八十四年六月。
26. 莊棋雄，五速與六速自動變速箱之構造設計，國立成功大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，中華民國八十五年五月。
27. 黃文敏與黃玉蓮，五速自動變速箱構造之設計，第二屆全國機構與機器設計學術研討會論文集，中華民國八十八年十二月。
28. 楊智仁，五速車輛自動變速器之設計，國立中山大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，中華民國八十九年六月。
29. 邱柏鈞，Ravigneaux式汽車自動變速器之設計，國立中山大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，中華民國九十七年七月。
30. C. H. Hsu, “An Analytic Methodology for the Kinematic Synthesis of Epicyclic Gear Mechanisms, ” ASME Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 124, pp. 574-576, 2002.
31. F. Freudenstein, “An Application of Boolean Algebra to the Motion of Epicyclic Derives,” ASME Transactions, Journal of Engineering for Industry, Vol. 93B, pp. 176-182, 1971.
32. C. H. Hsu, Y. C. Yeh and Z. R. Yang, “Epicyclic Gear Mechanisms for Multi-Speed Automotive Automatic Transmissions ”, Proceedings of NSC, Part A, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 63-69, 2001.
33. J. Shuster, A. O. Claremce, B. J. Harvey, “Nomogram gives quick estimate of ratio and numbers of teeth for Planetary Drive,” Machine Design•Data Sheet, pp.148-149, 1960.
34. H. L. Benford and M. B. Leising, “The Lever Analogy:A New Tool in Transmission Analysis,” SAE Transactions, Vol. 90, pp. 429-537, NO.810102, 1982.
35. C. S. Ross and W. D. Route, “A method for selecting parallel-connected, planetary gear train arrangements for automotive automatic transmissions, ” SAE Transactions, Vol. 100, NO.911941, 1991.
36. Park, J. and Oh, J., 2001, “Analysis of the gear shift mechanisms by R-R chart method,” SAE 2001 World Congress, Detroit, Michigan, March 5-8. (SAE paper 2001-01-1163)
37. Tabata, A., Hoshino, A., Miyazaki, T., Honda, A., Abe, A., and Ota, H., 2006, “Multiple-step transmission,” U. S. patent no. 7118509.
38. M. Raghavan, “The Analysis of Planetary Gear Train, ” ASME Theoretical and Computational Kinematics, DETC2006-99754.
39. 許正和與黃瑞宏，六速汽車自動變速器之運動與傳動效率分析，第十屆全國機構與機器設計學術研討會論文集，中華民國九十六年十一月。
40. 黃瑞宏，行星齒輪式汽車自動變速器之設計方法研究，國立中山大學機械工程研究所博士論文，中華民國九十八年一月。
41. Karmel, A. M., 1986, “A methodology for modeling the dynamics of the mechanical paths of automotive drivetrains with automatic step-transmissions,” Proceedings of the 1986 American Control Conference, Section WA9, pp. 279-284.
42.B. A. Nadel, X. Wu and D. Kagen, ”Multiple Abstraction Levels in Automobile Transmission Design: Constraint Satisfaction Formulations and Implementations,” International Journal of Expert Systems, Vol.6, pp. 489-559, 1993.
43.T. Oshidari, N. Hattori, Y. Morimoto, “A New Approach to Finding Optimum Planetary Gear Trains for Automatic Transmissions,” SAE Technical Paper No. 930676, 1993.