臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

燃料電池為一種新興的再生能源，其低電壓高電流的輸出特性與目前所廣泛使用的鋰電池不同。目前在3C產品的應用上，針對一般鋰電池所設計的直流變壓電路，在搭配燃料電池使用時無法對燃料電池的特性作較有效率的使用，因此在燃料電池商品化的設計過程中，有必要對其所搭配的電源輸出電路進行探討。
本研究為探討直接甲醇燃料電池(Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, DMFC)模組搭配6種不同的升壓電路，首先對DMFC模組以甲醇水溶液不同的溫度、濃度及供給流速，分析其在不同條件下的輸出功率值。接著以電子負載機對升壓電路結合DMFC模組進行固定電壓的模擬負載，觀察不同電路的轉換效率。最後將DMFC模組搭配升壓電路對一般3C產品作充電測試，並以一直接甲醇燃料電池充電器完成對鋰電池充電的實際應用。由於每個升壓電路的輸入電壓範圍皆不同，因此實驗結果主要探討DMFC模組對應不同升壓電路的輸出轉換效率差異，並藉由實際的應用測試，分析升壓電路搭配DMFC模組在不同輸出電壓時的效能比較。本研究利用6款升壓晶片與其週邊電路所組成之升壓電路，搭配DMFC模組進行測試。由實驗結果可知，升壓電路的電壓輸入範圍，對DMFC模組的輸出電壓有直接影響，升壓電路的最大輸入電流值，亦關係到電路對DMFC模組所輸出的電流極限，而升壓電路的轉換效率，則影響到最後實際輸出的電流大小。由以上的特性可選擇出對DMFC模組較適用的升壓晶片，此研究結果可做為未來燃料電池在電路設計和應用時的參考依據。

Fuel cell is one kind of growing substitute energy. The characteristic of its low voltage and high current output characteristic is different from the Li-Ion battery which is widely used today. In general, the DC-DC converters designed for the Li-ion batteries in the 3C product applications are not able to make efficient usages for the fuel cell characteristic. Therefore, it is necessary to make investigation on the output circuit of the power source during the commercial design process.
This research discussed the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) module associated with six DC-DC step-up converters. At first, the power outputs of the DMFC module under different temperature, concentration, and flow velocity of the methanol solution were analyzed. Thereafter, the electric loader was adopted to emulate the control voltage (CV) load on the DMFC with the step-up converter circuits and the converting efficiencies of different circuits were studied. At the end of the research, the charge tests were made for the DMFC module with the step-up converter circuits. A real application was accomplished by charging the Li-Ion battery from a DMFC charger. As the input voltage range was different for each step-up converter circuit, the result mainly discussed the difference of the converting efficiencies for the DMFC associated with different step-up converter circuits. In addition, the performance analysis of the setup-up converter circuits for the DMFC under different output voltages was also compared. In this research, six step-up chips with affiliated components are utilized and made experiments associated with DMFC modules. The experimental results show that the input voltage range of the step-up circuit directly affects the output voltage range of the DMFC module, the maximum input current range of the step-up circuit also affects the limitation of the DMFC output current, and the efficiency of the step-up circuit affects the real output current of the DMFC modules. Based on the above characterizations, the suitable step-up converters for the DMFC module could be chosen, the results of this research could be a reference for the future DMFC circuit design and application.

摘要 ………………………………………………………………….. i
Abstract……………………………………………..…………………… iii
誌謝 ……………………………..…………………………………… v
目錄 ……………………………..…………………………………… vi
表目錄 ……………………………..…………………………………… viii
圖目錄 ………………………………………..………………………… ix
符號說明 ………………………………………..………………………… xi
第一章 緒論……………………………………..……………………… 1
1.1 前言…………………………………………………..………… 1
1.2 微小型直接甲醇燃料電池之應用與發展……………..……… 4
1.3 研究動機與目的……………………………………………..… 5
第二章 文獻回顧……………………………………………………..… 7
2.1 燃料電池的種類與特性……………………………………..… 7
2.2 直接甲醇燃料電池原理與構造……………………………..… 12
2.3 微小型DMFC模組搭配升壓電路之應用...………..………… 15
第三章 升壓電路...……………………………………….…….…… 19
3.1 DMFC模組與升壓電路………………………...….……..… 19
3.1.1 脈波寬度調變………………………………………...…….. 22
3.1.2 脈波頻率調變.…….…………………………………………… 24
3.1.3 連續導通模式………………………………………………….. 25
3.2 升壓電路介紹及應用至DMFC模組之論述………………… 27
3.2.1 MAX1896……………………………………………………… 30
3.2.2 LM2621…………………………………..….………………… 33
3.2.3 MC34063A………………………………………..…………… 36
3.2.4 TPS61032…………………………………………………….… 38
3.2.5 TPS61090…………………………………………….………… 41
3.2.6 TPS61202…………………………………………….………… 44
第四章 實驗架設與方法………………………….………….………… 47
4.1 實驗架構……………………….……………………….……… 47
4.1.1 DMFC模組使用不同溫度、濃度及流速之甲醇水溶液的探…… 48
4.1.2 不同升壓電路輸出至負載機之效率比較…….….…………… 50
4.1.3 不同升壓電路輸出至PDA及手機之效率比較……………… 52
4.1.4 升壓電路對鋰電池充電之效率探討………………………….. 53
4.2 實驗平台測試系統…………………………………………..… 55
4.3 實驗方法……………………….……………….……………… 57
4.3.1 不同溫度、濃度及流速之甲醇水溶液對燃料電池的影響…… 57
4.3.2 不同升壓電路輸出至負載機…………………………………. 60
4.3.3 不同升壓電路輸出至PDA及手機……………………….….. 62
4.3.4 升壓電路對鋰電池充電…………………………..……….… 64
第五章 實驗結果與討論………………..………..…………………. 66
5.1 不同溫度、濃度及流速之甲醇水溶液對DMFC模組的影響... 66
5.2 不同升壓電路對DMFC模組的轉換效率影響…….………... 69
5.3 DMFC模組經不同升壓電路對電子產品的供電比較………. 72
5.4 以DMFC模組製作之鋰電池充電器的應用探討…….……... 77
第六章 結論與未來展望…………………………………………….… 79
6.1 結論…..…………………………………………………….… 79
6.2 微小型DMFC未來展望…………………………………..….. 80
參考文獻 …………………………………………………………….…… 82
附錄 …………………………………………………………….…… 85

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