臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

In this competitive and variable business environment, managers have to build up some critical abilities to establish their own competitive advantages. Since numerous perspectives take managerial competence as a critical factor in organizational development, it becomes an important issue to assess and train the abilities. Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP), one of the most prominent competence assessment tools, is used by over 100 thousand people in the world. The high rate of implementation in the business environment is the motivation to take the method as research model.
Accordingly, this research served for several purposes. First was to understand measures for managerial competence in the literature. Second was to examine the reliability and validity of MAP. Thirdly, some demographic and contextual factors may relate to managerial competence. Based on the database of MAP, the researcher identified the relationship of these variables.
This study utilized the quantitative method to investigate the above questions. To realize the reliability, this research analyzed Cronbach’s alpha of MAP which was equal to .733. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was for examining the validity of MAP. Because the result showed some items of the t values of administrative and cognitive ability were smaller than 1.96, this study merely adopted communication and supervisory ability to examine the relationship between managerial competence, demographic and contextual factors. The outcome indicated only gender and educational level had significantly relationship. Finally, conclusions and recommendations were provided based on research findings.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT I
TABLE OF CONTENTS III
LIST OF FIGURES V
LIST OF TABLES VI
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION 1
Background of the Study 1
Purposes of the Study 3
Questions of the Study 3
Significance of the Study 4
Definition of Terms 5
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW 7
Managerial Competence 7
Measures for Managerial Competence 18
Influences on Managerial Competencies 27
CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGY 31
Research Methods 31
Research Procedure 31
Instrument 32
Research Participants 36
Research Framework 36
Hypotheses 38
Data Collection and Analysis 40
CHAPTER IV. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 45
Demographic and Descriptive Statistics 45
Reliability of the Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP) 52
Validity of the Managerial Assessment of Proficiency (MAP) 53
Hierarchical Regression Analysis of Communication and Supervisory Abilities among Demographic and Contextual Factors 63
Discussions 66
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 69
Conclusions 69
Recommendations 72
Recommendations for Further Research 73
Limitations of the Study 74
REFERENCES 75
APPENDIX 83

LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Definitions of Managerial Competence 9
Table 2.2 32 Managerial Competencies of MCA 20
Table 2.3 Competency Studies of MAP 22
Table 3.1 Correlations Obtained During Field Tests of MAP 33
Table 3.2 Variables Coding System 41
Table 4.1 The Profile of the Respondents (N=327) 47
Table 4.2 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations of the Sample 48
Table 4.3 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Gender 49
Table 4.4 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Education 49
Table 4.5 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Managerial Positions 50
Table 4.6 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Self-Efficacy 50
Table 4.7 Scale Score Means and Standard Deviations by Learning Opportunity 51
Table 4.8 Internal Consistency of the Scales of MAP 52
Table 4.9 Standard of Cronbach’s α 52
Table 4.10 Fit Indices for the First –Order CFA Model 55
Table 4.11 Completely Standardized Loadings, Standard Errors, and t Values 56
Table 4.12 Discrimination Validity 58
Table 4.13 Fit Indices for the Model 60
Table 4.14 Completely Standardized Loadings, Standard Errors, and t Values of 12 Indicators 61
Table 4.15 Completely Standardized Loadings, Standard Errors, and t Values of the Four Factors 61
Table 4.16 Hierarchical Regression Analysis for Communication Ability 64
Table 4.17 Hierarchical Regression Analysis for Supervisory Ability 65
Table 4.18 Summary of Research Hypotheses 67


LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Iceberg Model 11
Figure 2.2 Four Clusters of Managerial Competencies 13
Figure 2.3 Four Clusters of Managerial Competencies 17
Figure 2.4 Matrix of DISC 21
Figure 2.5 The 12 Competencies 23
Figure 2.6 Sample of Individual MAP Profile of Results 25
Figure 3.1 Research Procedure 32
Figure 3.2 Stage I of the Study 37
Figure 3.3 Stage II of the Study 38
Figure 4.1. The First-Order CFA Model 54
Figure 4.2. The Completely Standardized Solutions of Factor Loadings, Factor Correlations, and Residuals (the First-Order CFA Model) 57
Figure 4.3 the Second-Order CFA Model 59
Figure 4.4 The Completely Standardized Solutions of Factor Loadings, Factor Correlations, and Residuals (the Second-Order CFA Model) 62

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