臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近幾年來進階加密演算法AES(Advanced Encryption Standard)針對縮小面積與提升頻率之議題而時常被廣泛的討論，為達上述之方向，本文將AES演算法內含的SubBytes和MixColumns乘法運算改用以雙埠記憶體（Dual Port Block RAMs）做查表取代運算，除此之外，在ShiftRows方面，使用旋轉暫存器(rotate register)來取代memories，使整個AES硬體電路佔用面積可小到118 Slices、而產率(Throughput)最快可達到213 Mbps(Mega bit per second)，與文獻上最好之數據163 Slices與208 Mbps相比，面積減少27%、速度增加1.02倍。
小面積之高速32-Bit AES除了做一般文字加解密外，本文嘗試將其應用於需大量資料運算的靜態影像加解密，從模擬結果觀察之，影像加解密的視覺效果較文字更為明顯。
本篇論文利用Xilinx公司所提供的ISE 9.2i為設計平台，利用VHDL進行設計，第一章緒論介紹研究背景、研究目的與研究動機及介紹AES在目前產品化的應用，第二章說明完整的AES演算法流程及過程介紹，第三章介紹IEEE上所發表的相關文獻探討，介紹以記憶體和邏輯電路架構實現的方式，第四章利用第三章所提出的一些架構及特性配合FPGA電路需求去做設計，第五章將實現的電路去做模擬與測試，並做文字與影像上的加密，第六章結論及未來工作。

Recently the development of the AES algorithm has been focused on minimizing its area and enhancing its speed. This paper uses Dual Port Block RAMs to perform multiplication that was done by SubBytes and MixColumns, and rotate registers instead of memories in ShiftRows in order to lower the hardware area to 118 slices and maximize the throughput to 213 Mbps. Compared to 163 Slices and 208 Mbps on other papers the area has decreased 27% and the speed has increased 1.02 times.
Besides Encrypting/Decrypting phrases, the low area 32-Bit AES, we implement it on picture encryptions that require large amount of data processing. From simulation results picture encryptions have a better effect than phrase encryption.
We use ISE9.2i of Xilinx as a platform and design using VHDL. Section one gives some background, the main purpose of this project, and some products and implementations of AES. Section two introduces the procedure of the AES algorithm. Section three shows some related studies on IEEE and the construction of memory and logic circuits, section four then realizes these circuits on FPGA. Section five is the simulation with the encryption/decryption, and lastly section six concludes our work and provides some future works.

誌 謝.........................................................................................II
中文摘要.......................................................................................III
Abstract..........................................................................................IV
總 目 錄.........................................................................................V
表 目 錄......................................................................................VII
圖 目 錄.....................................................................................VIII
第一章 緒論..................................................................................1
第一節 研究背景.......................................................................1
第二節 研究動機.......................................................................2
第三節 研究方法.......................................................................3
第二章 AES介紹...........................................................................5
第一節 Rijndael演算法..............................................................5
第二節 數學背景.......................................................................8
第三節 位元組取代轉換（SubBytes / InvSubBytes）.................11
第四節 移列轉換(ShiftRows / InvShiftRows).............................16
第五節 混行轉換(MixColumns / InvMixColumns)......................18
第六節 金鑰加法運算(AddRoundkey)........................................21
第七節 金鑰擴展(KeyExpansion)...............................................22
第三章 文獻探討..........................................................................24
第一節 Xinmiao Zang架構........................................................24
第二節 Chodowiec架構.............................................................27
第三節 Rouvroy架構.................................................................30
第四節 Huang架構....................................................................31
第五節 文獻比較......................................................................33
第四章 32-Bit AES架構設計.........................................................35
第一節 位元組取代轉換及混行轉換架構設計...........................35
第二節 移列轉換架構設計........................................................39
第三節 金鑰擴展電路架構設計.................................................41
第四節 32-Bit AES電路實現.....................................................43
第五章 測試模擬..........................................................................45
第一節 金鑰擴展設計與測試結果.............................................45
第二節 位元組取代轉換及混行運算測試結果...........................48
第三節 移列轉換測試結果........................................................49
第四節 32-Bit AES加密器設計與測試結果................................51
第五節 32-Bit AES加密器之文字與影像測試結果.....................54
第六章 結論及未來工作...............................................................57
參考文獻........................................................................................58

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