本研究提出一個簡易的架構，期望建立包含廣播、點播及直播功能的視訊串流伺服器(Video Streaming Server)，並且希望藉由使用自由免費軟體(open source)的安裝及結合，來降低建立視訊串流伺服器的複雜度。本研究使用會談起始協議(Session Initiation Protocol)技術以及JAIN SIP語法的支援，使得視訊串流伺服器能夠取得遠端Web-CAM的位址，並且對此影像做視訊格式的設定在做串流輸出。 在本研究的架構下，我們希望利用較少的成本及設備，並且不需要繁複的操作即可讓相關研究人員能夠建立視訊串流系統。

This thesis proposes a simple architecture, providing broadcast, video on demand and live broadcast services. The proposed architecture is constructed by open sources, which effectively reduce the complexity of building a video streaming server. The open software considered in this thesis are VLC, OpenSER, and JAIN SIP. The VLC is used for video streaming. It supports a large classed of streaming formats and communication protocols. The OpenSER is used for the SIP server setup. The JAIN SIP is adopted for the design of SIP clients. By the integration of VLC, OpenSER and JAIN SIP, an effective streaming system can be constructed. Experimental results verify that the proposed design has robust performance and high flexibility for multimedia applications.

中文摘要 英文摘要 目錄 第一章 緒論
1.1 研究背景及動機..........................................1
1.2 研究方法...............................................3
1.3 研究目的...............................................4
1.4 論文架構...............................................5
第二章 視訊串流系統介紹
2.1 Video Lan Client(VLC).....................................................6
2.1.1 簡介.................................................6
2.1.2 程式功能模組..........................................9
2.1.3 VLC安裝.............................................11
2.1.4 基本指令及操作.......................................19
2.1.4.1開啟影像...........................................20 2.1.4.2廣播影像指令........................................26
2.1.5 進階指令.............................................32
2.1.5.1 configure file語法...............................33 2.1.5.2 broadcast........................................36 2.1.5.3 vod..............................................39 2.1.6在Windows XP下執行指令...............................42 2.1.7 VLC總結.............................................48
第三章 會談起始協議介紹
3.1 SIP元件介紹...........................................49
3.1.1 REGISTER...........................................51
3.1.2 SUBSCRIBE/NOTIFY...................................53
3.1.3 INVITE.............................................55
3.2 OpenSER簡介….........................................57
3.2.1 OpenSER安裝.........................................57
3.3 JAIN SIP.............................................75
3.3.1 JAIN SIP的下載及設定................................75 3.3.2 基本封包內容........................................79 3.3.2.1建立必要的SIP物件..................................80 3.3.3 實做REGISTER.......................................87 3.3.3.1 UAC Create and Send REGISTER.....................88
3.3.3.2 SIP Server return 401 Unauthorized and UAC Send REGISTER again...........................................98 3.3.3.3 SIP Server return 200OK.........................101 3.3.4實做SUBSCRIBE/NOTIFY...............................101 3.3.4.1 SipClientB Send Subscribe.......................103 3.3.4.2 SipClientA Receive Subscribe then Send 200 OK and Notify..................................................107 3.3.4.3 SipClientB Receive 200 OK and Notify then send 200 OK .....................................................111 3.3.4.4 SipClientA Receive 200 OK.......................113 3.4 SIP總結.............................................113 第四章 系統架構
4.1 系統概況.............................................114
4.2 Web Server..........................................121
4.3 廣播.................................................129
4.3.1使用者選取頻道......................................130 4.3.2 VLC接收到請求......................................132 4.3.3 VLC傳送影像資料供使用者做收視.........................132
4.4 點播.................................................133
4.4.1使用者選取頻道......................................134 4.4.2 VLC接收到請求......................................136 4.4.3 VLC傳送影像資料供使用者做收視........................136 4.5直播.................................................137 4.5.1啟動VLC Server端中的SIP Client並送出SUBSCRIBE請求....139 4.5.2 Web Camera端中開啟Web-CAM串流輸出位址及啟動SIP Client141 4.5.2.1啟動Web Camera端中的SIP Client並接收SUBSCRIBE請求..145 4.5.3 Web Camera端中的SIP Client發送NOTIFY方法...........146 4.5.4 VLC Server端中的SIP Client接收NOTIFY請求...........148 4.5.5 VLC Server請求取得Web-CAM影像、Web-CAM傳送影像給VLC Server 及VLC Server串流出影像............................151 4.5.6直播運作流程........................................153 4.6 系統頻寬量測.........................................156
第五章 結論及未來展望
5.1 結論................................................160
5.2 未來展望.............................................161
參考文獻.................................................162
附錄一...................................................164
附錄二...................................................169
附錄三...................................................172
附錄四...................................................196
附圖目錄
圖1.1 整體系統架構圖........................................4 圖2-1 VLC解決方案..........................................7 圖2-2 VLC所支援之媒體格式...................................8 圖2-3 VLC所支援之串流格式...................................8 圖2-4 VLC作多媒體串流時模組運作架構.........................10 圖2-5 VLC在其FTP提供舊版本.................................11 圖2-6 第三方軟體存放位置...................................13 圖2-7 第三方軟體Makefile檔................................14 圖2-8 VLC執行介面.........................................16 圖2-9 下載頁面............................................16 圖2-10 安裝時勾選ActiveX..................................17 圖2-11 嵌入VLC media player到網頁上........................17圖2-12 安裝後的介面........................................18圖2-13 開啟本地端影像的執行指令..............................21圖2-14 執行畫面...........................................21 圖2-15 Windows XP介面下執行本地端影像......................22 圖2-16 接收MMS網路影像的執行指令............................24
圖2-17 MMS影像執行結果....................................24 圖2-18 Windows XP介面執行網路影像方式......................25 圖2-19 VLC Server執行一個廣播形式影像......................29 圖2-20Windows Media Player播放畫面........................30 圖2-21 在command line下進入VLC安裝目錄.....................38 圖2-22 Windows XP下執行VLC指令發生錯誤.....................42 圖2-23 環境變數按鈕.......................................43 圖2-24 系統變數中的Path變數................................44 圖2-25 在Path變數值加入VLC的資料夾路徑......................44 圖2-26 執行”vlc”指令....................................45 圖2-27 在E槽執行VLM指令...................................47 圖2-28 執行指令後跳出的偵錯畫面.............................48 圖3-2 註冊之請求及回應封包流程..............................51 圖3-3 401 Unauthorized封包中授權部分.......................52 圖3-4 SIP發送第二次Register請求時的授權封包內容..............53 圖3-5 SUBSCRIBE/NOTIFY封包傳遞流程........................54 圖3-6 INVITE方法的封包傳遞流程.............................55 圖3-7 啟動MySQL..........................................59
圖3-8 進入MySQL..........................................60 圖3-9 跳出MySQL..........................................60 圖3-10 設定MySQL的root密碼................................61 圖3-11 進入MySQL.........................................61 圖3-12 成功進入MySQL......................................61 圖3-13 安裝時搭配MySQL的指令...............................62 圖3-14 刪除Makefile中exclude_modules的mysql參數...........63 圖3-15 啟動身分認證功能...................................64 圖3-16 變動的資料存取方式..................................66 圖3-17 變動的資料存取方式..................................66 圖3-18 未加密方式存放......................................66 圖3-19 設定database為MySQL...............................66 圖3-20 改成本地端位址......................................67 圖3-21 修改成本地端Domain name............................68 圖3-22 新增MySQL Table...................................68 圖3-23 新增使用者.........................................70 圖3-24 登入”chiayi”帳戶.................................71 圖3-25 登入後的畫面.......................................71
圖3-26 在OpenSER端查看有誰在線上...........................72 圖3-27 帳戶”hsuan”請求帳戶”chiayi”建立語音對話..........73 圖3-28 建立對話及切斷對話.................................74 圖3-29 進階介面下的環境變數................................77 圖3-30 設定classpath.....................................78 圖3-31 SipFactory可產生的介面及類別........................79 圖3-32 JAIN SIP元件關係圖.................................80 圖3-33 SipStack..........................................83 圖3-34 實作流程...........................................87 圖3-35 REGISTER包含的檔頭.................................89 圖3-36 實做SUBSCRIBE/NOTIFY流程..........................102 圖3-37 SUBSCRIBE包含的檔頭...............................104 圖4-1 整體系統架構圖......................................114 圖4-2收視者觀看畫面.......................................118 圖4-3系統運作流程........................................119 圖4-4安裝時選取ActiveX plugin............................122 圖4-5 VLC player嵌入在網頁上的播放畫面.....................124 圖4-6 VLCcontrols library下載連結........................125
圖4-7新增控制項目的播放畫面................................127 圖4-8 廣播運作流程.......................................130 圖4-9廣播服務......................................................133 圖4-10 點播運作流程......................................134 圖4-11點播服務..........................................137 圖4-12 直播頻道架構......................................138 圖4-13 VLC Server端和Web Camera端溝通流程................139 圖4-14 VLC Server端的SIP Client.........................140 圖4-15 選取”串流”項目...................................141 圖4-16 輸入Web-CAM視訊位址...............................142 圖4-17 設定串流輸出選項...................................143 圖4-18 影像輸出設定......................................144 圖4-19 Web Camera端的SIP Client.........................145 圖4-20 ex-Contact標籤內容................................148 圖4-21 SIP Client截取出的影像位址.........................151 圖4-22 直播服務..........................................155 圖4-23 VLC Server流量...................................156 圖4-24 VLC player記憶體錯誤..............................157
圖4-25 VLC Server在8/11的流量表..........................158 圖4-26 VLC Server在8/12的流量表..........................159

[1] Wen-Kang Jia (2006), “Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
Methodology Handbook,” Kings information.

[2] John G. Apostolopoulos, Wai- tian Tan, Susie J. Wee(2002), “Video Streaming: Concepts, Algorithms, and Systems,” HP Laboratories Palo Alto.

[3] A. Roach. (2002), “Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-Specific Event
Notification,” IETF RFC 3265.


[4] Jan Krikke, “Streaming Video Transforms the Media Industry,” in Proc. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol 24, July/Aug, 2004.

[5] Open source project: VLC, available at http://www.videolan.org/vlc/.

[6] Open source project: MySQL Database Server, available at
http://www.mysql.com/.

[7] OpenSER official website, http://www.openser.org/.

[8] JAIN official website , https://jain-sip.dev.java.net/.

[9] J. Franks(1999).”HTTP Authentication: Basic and Digest Access Authentication,” IETF RFC 2617.

[10] revolunet VLC plugins Lab , http://vlc.revolunet.com/.

[11]Gregory K. Wallace, “The JPEG Still Picture Compression Standard,” publication in IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics(1991).

[12] Iain E. G. Richardson(2003) .” H.264 and MPEG-4 video compression,“ WILEY.

[13] Clinton Wong(2002), “HTTP pocket reference,” O’REILLY.
[14] Gwenaël Le Bodic(2003), “Multimedia messaging service,” John Wiley and Sons.
[15] Douglas Comer(2006), “Internetworking with TCP/IP: Principles,
protocols, and architecture” Prentice Hall.

[16] H. Schulzrinne(1998), “Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP),” IETF RFC 2326.