臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究的目的是探討女子籃球員在空手及運球側向跨步切入動作時，軸心腳在支撐期前20%間髖、膝、踝的角度變化，並針對軸心腳膝關節的負荷加以探討。研究方法是使用Vicon motion analysis system 十台攝影機，及KISTLER 9281(60x40)測力板一塊，用以觀察女性籃球員在運球側向跨步與空手側向跨步切入時下肢各關節的角度及力矩變化。並配合Biovision肌電訊號擷取系統，觀察在空手及運球時的側向跨步切入動作時，股四頭肌群與腿後肌群間的共同收縮機制是否有所不同。以成對獨立樣本T-test進行差異性檢定；結果發現：女性籃球員在運球側向跨步切入時，表現出較大的著地初期膝關節屈曲角度，以及在支撐期前20%表現出較大的膝關節外翻角度、較大的膝關節屈曲力矩以及膝關節外翻力矩。在膝關節外翻角度峰值發生時，運球側向跨步切入動作時膝關節的屈曲角度、髖關節屈曲角度、髖關節內旋角度以及踝關節的內旋角度皆顯著大於側向跨步切入。在膝關節內旋角度峰值時，運球側向跨步切入動作表現出較大的膝關節屈曲角度、膝關節外翻角度、髖關節屈曲角度、髖關節內旋角度以及踝關節內旋角度。在膝關節外翻力矩峰值的時候，運球側向跨步切入動作也表現出較大的膝關節屈曲角度以及較大的膝關節外翻角度。此外，比較起當膝關節所承受的內旋力矩達到峰值的時候，運球側向跨步切入動作也表現出較大的膝關節屈曲角度以及外翻角度。在股四頭肌群與腿後肌群共同收縮機制部分，從六位實驗參與者的結果發現，運球側向跨步切入時，股四頭肌群與腿後肌群之間的比率大於空手側向跨步切入。由本研究結果可知，在運球側向跨步切入時，女性籃球員軸心r腳膝關節承受較大的負荷，也提高了非接觸性前十字韌帶傷害發生的可能性。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematics of pivot foot lower extremity and knee kinetics during the first 20% of the stance phase while female basketball players performing dribbling side-step cutting and non-dribbling side-step cutting. Vicon motion analysis system(10 cameras) and KISTLER 9281 force plate was used to collect the kinematics and kinetic data. In addition, the co-contraction of quadriceps and hamstrings during the first 20% of the stance phase was recorded by Biovision EMG system. Paired T-test was used to analyze the factors between dribbling side-step cutting and non-dribbling side-step cutting. The findings of this study indicated that female basketball players exhibited greater initial knee flexion angle, greater knee abduction angle, greater knee flexor moment, and greater knee abductor moment of the first 20% of the stance phase in dribbling side-step cutting. Otherwise, at the time of knee peak abduction angle, hip flexion and internal rotation angle, knee flexion angle, and ankle inversion angle were greater in dribbling side-step cutting of the first 20% of the stance phase than in non-dribbling side-step cutting; at the time of knee peak internal rotation angle, hip flexion and internal rotation angle, knee flexion and abduction angle, and ankle inversion angle were greater in dribbling side-step cutting of the first 20% of the stance phase than in non-dribbling side-step cutting. Furthermore, the knee flexion angle and abduction angle were greater of the first 20% of the stance phase in dribbling side-step cutting than non-dribbling side-step cutting while the knee was under peak abductor moment. Also, the knee flexion angle and abduction angle were greater of the first 20% of the stance phase in dribbling side-step cutting than non-dribbling side-step cutting while the knee was under peak internal rotator moment. The co-contraction ratio of quadriceps and hamstrings during the first 20% of the stance phase exhibited activation of the quadriceps was higher than hamstrings when compared with dribbling side-step cutting and non-dribbling side-step cutting. From these findings of this study, we suggest female basketball players might obtain greater knee loading and face higher incidence rate of Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.

目 錄
謝誌………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
中文摘要…………………………………………………………Ⅱ
英文摘要…………………………………………………………Ⅲ
目錄………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
表目錄……………………………………………………………Ⅶ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………Ⅶ

第壹章 緒論
第一節、問題背景………………………………………………………01
第二節、研究問題………………………………………………………04
第三節、研究目的………………………………………………………04
第四節、研究假設………………………………………………………06
第五節、研究範圍………………………………………………………06
第六節、研究限制………………………………………………………07
第七節、名詞操作性定義..……………………………………………07
第八節、研究的重要性…………………………………………………08
第貳章 文獻探討
第一節、女性運動員的前十字韌帶傷害發生率……………..………09
第二節、運動中非接觸性前十字韌帶…………………………………09
第三節、側向跨步切入……..…………………………………………12
第四節、上肢動作對膝關節負荷的影響..............................................16
第五節、小結…..………………………………………………………17
第叁章 研究方法
第一節、實驗參與者.……………….…………………………………18
第二節、實驗器材…………………………………..…………………19
第三節、實驗步驟………………………………………………………23
第四節、實驗設計………………………………………………………24
第五節、資料處理……………………………………………………..27
第六節、統計方法……………………………………………………..30
第肆章 結果
第一節、膝關節角度與力矩變化………………………………………34
第二節、髖關節與踝關節運動學…………………………..…………38
第三節、支撐期前百分之二十間，不同時間點各參數比較………..41
第四節、股四頭肌群與腿後肌群共同收縮機制……………………………….45
第伍章 討論
第一節、支撐期前百分之二十膝關節角度與力矩變化…………..………46
第二節、不同時間點膝關節所受到的負荷……………………..……………….48
第三節、對髖關節的影響………………….………………………….50
第四節、支撐期前百分之二十膝關節角-角圖比較………………………..…51
第五節、上肢活動對膝關節的影響………………………………..….52
第六節、股四頭肌與腿後肌群的共同收縮反應……………………..54
第陸章 結論與建議……………………………………………………55
引用文獻
英文部分………………………………………………………………..57
附錄

表目錄
表3-1實驗參與者基本資料………………………...…………………..18
表3-2 反光球位置以及所代表的肢段…………………………...……21
表4-1 支撐期前20%膝關節角度與力矩比較表………………….…..35
表4-2 支撐期前20%膝關節外翻角度峰值時各參數比較表…..….....42
表4-3支撐期前20%膝關節內旋角度峰值時各參數比較表………..43
表4-4支撐期前20%膝關節外翻力矩峰值時各參數比較表….….…44
表4-5支撐期前20%膝關節內旋力矩峰值時各參數比較表…….….44
圖目錄
圖2-1 支撐期的三個階段…………………………………………..…14
圖3-1 反光球黏貼位置示意圖……………………………………..…20
圖 3-2 Biovision肌電擷取系統……………………………....……..…22
圖3-3 各部位電極片貼圖…………..…………………………………22
圖3-4 收取最大自主等長收縮姿勢………………….…………….…23
圖3-5 實驗場地佈置圖……………………………………………...…26
圖3-6 Pelvis座標示意圖………………………………………………28
圖3-7大腿(Thigh)與小腿(Shank)座標定義……………………….….29
圖3-8 足部(Foot)座標定義……………………………………………30
圖4-1 膝關節支撐期角度變化………………………………..……... 36
圖4-2 支撐期膝關節力矩變化………………………………………...37
圖4-3、髖關節支撐期角度變化………………....................................39
圖4-4 踝關節支撐期角度變化…………………………............ ….…40
圖4-5股四頭肌群與腿後肌群痛同收縮比率……………………....... 45
圖4-6 膝關節外翻-內旋角度對角度示意圖………………….............52

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