臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

銅為魚類必需之微量礦物質，具有機型態與無機型態兩種化學型態。以無機態銅為來源定量石斑魚稚魚(Epinephelus malabaricus)銅之最適需求量已知為4-6 mg Cu/kg diet。本研究之目的為確立石斑魚稚魚對有機態銅之利用並以其建立銅之需求量。基礎飼料中分別添加有機態銅(Cu-peptide) 0、1、2、3、4、8、12 mg Cu/kg diet，實際分析值分別為0.19、1.81、2.55、3.43、4.37、8.99、12.81 mg Cu/kg diet，共七個實驗組，分別餵予平均初重21.60 ± 0.08 g之石斑魚稚魚，每組三重複，於密閉循環海水系統中飼養八週。石斑魚之增重率以餵食2.55 mg Cu/kg diet組顯著(p<0.05)最高，餵食3.43 mg Cu/kg diet組次之，而以餵食0.19、8.99及12.81 mg Cu/kg diet三組最低。肝臟銅鋅超氧歧化?活性以餵食2.55 mg Cu/kg diet組最高，餵食3.43 mg Cu/kg diet組次之，餵食8.99 mg Cu/kg diet組再次之，後為餵食1.81及12.81 mg Cu/kg diet二組，以餵食0.19 mg Cu/kg diet組最低。肝臟TBARS值以餵食12.81 mg Cu/kg diet組顯著最高，其次為餵食0.19及4.37 mg Cu/kg diet二組，以餵食2.55及3.43 mg Cu/kg diet二組為最低。頭腎巨噬細胞超氧陰離子產率以餵食1.81及≧3.43 mg Cu/kg diet之各組顯著高於餵食0.19 mg Cu/kg diet組。以魚體增重率、肝臟銅鋅超氧歧化?活性、肝臟TBARS值經拐點迴歸分析及以全魚體銅之保留量經線性迴歸分析，估得石斑魚稚魚銅之最適需求量為2.19-3.34 mg Cu/kg diet。顯示石斑魚稚魚對有機態銅之利用性優於對無機態銅之利用。

目 錄
中文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． I
英文摘要．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． II
文獻整理．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
前言．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．14
材料方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．16
結果．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．31
討論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．49
結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．61
參考文獻．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．62
表目錄
表一、魚類對銅之需求量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．7
表二、過量銅對魚類之影響．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8
表三、實驗基礎飼料組成．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．17
表四、實驗飼料之ㄧ般成分分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．19
表五、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之增重百分率、
飼料效率及存活率．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．32
表六、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之蛋白質效率及
肝體比．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．33
表七、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之體組成．．．．．34
表八、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之紅血球計數、
血比容與血紅素濃度．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．35
表九、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之平均紅血球體
積、平均紅血球血紅素含量與平均紅血球血紅素濃度．．．37
表十、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之魚體、肌肉及
肝臟中銅濃度．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．38
表十一、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之巨噬細胞超
氧陰離子產率．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．39
表十二、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之肝臟總超氧
歧化?活性、銅鋅超氧歧化?活性及錳超氧歧化?活
性．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．40
表十三、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之肌肉及肝臟
TBARS值．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．42
表十四、石斑魚稚魚餵食不同銅含量飼料八週後之全魚體銅保
留量．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．47
圖目錄
圖一、抗氧化酵素的作用方式．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3
圖二、人類體內銅之生化及代謝作用．．．．．．．．．．．．．4
圖三、生物體內礦物質之消化、吸收及排泄．．．．．．．．．．5
圖四、飼料中實際銅含量對石斑魚稚魚增重百分率之影響．．．．43
圖五、飼料中實際銅含量對石斑魚稚魚肝臟銅鋅超氧歧化
?活性之影響．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．44
圖六、飼料中實際銅含量對石斑魚稚魚肝臟TBARS值之
　　　影響．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．46
圖七、飼料中實際銅含量對石斑魚稚魚全魚體銅保留量之
　　　影響．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．48

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