臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的是探討黑豆和紅豆水浸泡液對於streptozotocin (STZ) 誘發之糖尿病大白鼠血脂與血糖濃度的影響。以 40 隻雄性 SD 大白鼠為實驗對象，利用皮下注射 nicotinamide (230 mg/kg) 及 STZ (65 mg/kg) 之方式使大白鼠糖與脂質代謝異常，並將代謝異常與正常大白鼠隨機分成四組，分別為 (1) 正常組 (2) 糖尿病控制組 (3) 糖尿病黑豆水組 (4) 糖尿病紅豆水組。實驗共進行 11 週，飼養期間採自由飲水、攝食。實驗結果顯示飲用黑豆水紅豆水均可下降糖尿病大白鼠空腹血糖，總膽固醇及三酸甘油酯濃度 (P < 0.05)。在口服葡萄糖耐受性實驗中，紅豆水於第 4 週時明顯改善耐糖能，在第9 週時，紅豆與黑豆水兩組皆能改善耐糖能。分析肝臟醣代謝酵素，結果顯示黑豆水能提升六碳醣激? (hexokinase) 之活性及肝醣含量(P < 0.05)，紅豆水能降低葡萄糖六磷酸? (glucose-6-phosphatase) 活性 (P < 0.05)。在小腸雙醣酵素活性方面，紅豆水浸泡液可顯著降低 lactase 和 maltase 活性 (P < 0.05) 在血漿脂蛋白膽固醇 (Lipoprotein-c) 方面，兩種浸泡液均能明顯下降 VLDL + LDL-C (P < 0.05)。此外，糖尿病大白鼠飲用黑豆水後有較低的游離脂肪酸含量 (P < 0.05)。在肝中脂質含量，飲用黑豆水的組別有較低的三酸甘油酯含量 (P < 0.05)。在抗氧化相關物質方面，黑豆水會明顯降低血漿中硫巴比妥酸反應物質 (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) 而飲用紅豆水的組別則是可降低肝臟中的TBARS 值 (P < 0.05)。值得注意的是黑豆水能顯著提升G6P Deh 、 GPx 活性及 GSH/GSSG 比值 (P < 0.05)。綜合上述結果推測，紅豆水與黑豆水可能都具有調節糖尿病大白鼠糖代謝與脂質代謝的功能。

The aims of this study are to investigate the effects of black soy bean or azuki bean infusion on glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Forty male Sprague -Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups, rats drink water (normal), diabetic rats drink water (DM), diabetic rats drink black soybean infusion (DM + BI), diabetic rats drink azuki bean infusion (DM + AI) for 11 weeks. The results demonstrated that both DM + AI and DM + BI groups could lower the level of glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol in plasma. In the aspect of carbonhydrate metabolism, DM + AI group could improve glucose tolerance at foruth week and DM + BI group showed the same effect at ninth week. To investigate glucose related metabolism enzyme in liver, hexokinase activity of DM + BI group would be reduced and the glucose-6-phosphatase activity of DM + AI group would be increased. Besides, the DM + AI group could reduce the activity of intestinal lactase and maltase. In the aspect of lipid metabolism, both DM + AI and DM + BI groups could decrease the level of VLDL + LDL- Cholesterol in plasma. Furthermore, DM + BI group also reduced free fatty acid level. On the other hand, DM + AI could decrease the value of TBARS in liver and DM + BI group could decrease the value of TBARS in plasma. In the aspect of oxidative stress, DM + BI group could increase activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and the GSH/GSSG ratio. According to above- mentioned results, both black soybean and azuki bean infusion had potency to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic rats.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
表目錄 VI
壹、研究背景與目的 1
貳、文獻整理 3
一、糖尿病 3
1. 糖尿病的簡介 3
2. 糖尿病的診斷 3
3. 糖尿病的分類 4
4. 糖尿病的併發症 5
5. 氧化壓力與糖尿病及其併發症之關係 5
(1) 自由基 6
(2) 氧化壓力 6
(3) 抗氧化系統 9
(4) 第二型糖尿病體內氧化傷害之情形 9
6. STZ 合併 nicotinamide 誘發第二型糖尿病動物模式 11
(1) streptozotocin (STZ) 致糖尿病的機制 12
(2) Nicotinamide (NA) 12
二、豆類簡介 13
1. 紅豆 13
2. 黑豆 13
3. 生理活性 14
(1) 紅豆的生理活性 14
(2) 黑豆的生理活性 15
1. 對糖代謝的影響 17
2. 對脂質代謝的影響 18
參、研究內容 18
一、實驗流程 18
二、實驗材料 21
肆、實驗方法 24
一、豆類浸泡液 24
1. 豆類浸泡液的製備 24
2. 成分分析 24
3. 抗氧化活性測定 25
4. 活性成分分析 26
二、 動物實驗 28
1. 動物誘導及分組 28
2. 動物飼養及樣品採集 28
3. 動物樣品分析 29
伍、統計分析 41
陸、結果 42
一、豆類水浸泡液抗氧化活性試驗 42
二、紅豆與黑豆水成分分析 42
三、實驗期間大白鼠體重、攝食量、飲水量與排尿量變化 43
四、組織臟器重量變化 43
五、葡萄糖耐糖測試結果 44
六、血漿生化指標的濃度 44
七、肝臟脂質含量變化 46
八、糞便脂質含量變化 46
九、肝臟糖代謝酵素及肝醣變化 47
十、肝臟抗氧化相關物質、抗氧化酵素及TBARS含量變化 47
十一、腎臟 TBARS 含量 47
十二、小腸雙糖?活性試驗 48
柒、討論 49
一、飲用紅豆或黑豆水對大白鼠體重、組織臟器重量變化與飲食狀況的影響 49
二、飲用紅豆或黑豆水對大白鼠糖類代謝的影響 49
三、飲用紅豆或黑豆水對大白鼠脂類代謝的影響 51
四、飲用紅豆或黑豆水對大白鼠TBARS濃度與抗氧化相關物質及酵素活性的影響 53
五、飲用紅豆或黑豆水對肝臟及腎臟生化指標之影響 55
六、飲用紅豆或黑豆水對大白鼠小腸雙糖?活性的影響 56
捌、結論 57
玖、參考文獻 58

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