在近年來，多重天線系統在無線通訊領域中是一個很熱門的研究課題。然而，如何有效的使用多重天線技術取決於如何精確的補捉無線通道特性。在這篇論文中，我們進行了車台載俱對車台載俱使用多重天線無線通訊系統的分析與比較。
本文主要在ad hoc網路環境下，藉由 行動車輛-行動車輛 (vehicular to vehicular) 無線通道設計出兩套不同的通道模式，以便提供MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)多重天線系統在多路徑衰弱通道及天線間存在空間相關係數時之系統模擬環境。在驗證此系統設計之效能上，首先使用行動車輛-行動車輛 (vehicular to vehicular)無線通道產生出具有統計獨立特性的瑞利分佈 ( Rayleigh distribution ) 之平緩頻率衰弱MIMO通道模型。接者分別使用 Kronecker 矩陣之數學法則與通道共變數矩陣之兩種數學法則，在多路徑衰弱通道下，改變發射端與接收端天線間相關係數以及改變都卜勒參數，產生相關性Rayleigh通道響應。最後分別分析錯誤率(Bit Error Rate : BER )及通道特徵值的CDF分佈在2x2 MIMO之都卜勒及關聯性之表現，以驗證本設計之適用性。

A spatially-correlated MIMO fading channel for vehicular-to-vehicular wireless communication is developed based on the Kronecker product of the spatial correlation matrix at the MS and BS and the channel covariance matrices approaches respectively.The Doppler effects and correlation matrix between antennas at the receiver and transmitter are considered to mimic the realistic channel phenomena.

Both methods are validated in terms of their channel statistics and statistics and performance analyses through computer simulations.With comparison,the simulation result shows the eigen-mode analysis is benefical to the spatial correlation matrix approach ,whereas the BER performance is in favor to kronecker product approach.

第一章 緒論..........................................8
1.1. 研究動機…………………………………………………………8
1.2. 研究目的…………………………………………………………9
1.3. 研究方法…………………………………………………………9
第二章 行動通訊通道模型論.............................12
2.1 行動車輛-行動車輛 無線通道電波傳播特性 ………………..12
2.2 行動車輛-行動車輛 無線通道統計特性 .............15
2.2.1 瑞利分布 ( RAYLEIGH DISTRIBUTIOM ) .............15
2.2.2 行動車輛-行動車輛無線通道之機率密度函數............17
2.2.3 行動車輛-行動車輛無線通道之累積密度函數............18
2.2.4 行動車輛-行動車輛無線通道之自相關函數..............20
2.3 都卜勒效應(DOPPLER EFFECT).....................22
2.3.1 由督卜勒效應造成的頻率偏移 ......................22
2.3.2 行動車輛-行動車輛無線通道督卜勒頻譜 ..............24
行動車輛-行動車輛無線通道MIMO天線系統建構之方法............29
3.1 行動車輛-行動車輛無線通道MIMO天線模型概論 ......29
3.2 行動車輛-行動車輛無線通道MIMO相關性矩陣 ......31
3.3 方法(一):KRONECKER無線通道模型介紹之2X2 MIMO CASE.33
3.4 方法(二)通道共變數矩陣模型介紹之2X2 MIMO CASE......37
第四章MIMO通道模型與統計特性..............................40
4.1 MIMO通道在自然散射模型的建構 ...............40
4.2 頻率平..........................................43
4.4 MIMO通道容量....................................44
第五章 2 X 2 MIMO 行動車輛-行動車輛之系統模擬相對各組態之效
能分析..........................................47
5.1 系統模擬組態與參.................................47
5.2 特徵值CDF分析 ...............................49
5.3 克萊瑪法則( )應...............................53
5.4 錯誤率BER分析...................................54
第六章 結論...........................................58
參考文獻...............................................60

[1] W. C. Jakes, Ed. , ” Microwave Mobile Communications ” New York, Wiley,1974 [ p70-p76 ].
[2] G. H. Golub and C. F. Van Loan, Matrix Computations, 3rd ed. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1996 [p143].
[3] C. S. Patel, G. L. St‥uber, and T. G. Pratt, “Simulation of Rayleigh faded mobile-to-mobile communication channels,” IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., vol. 1, pp. 163–167, Oct. 6–9, 2003
[4] A. S. Akki and F. Haber, “A statistical model for mobile-to-mobile land communication channel,” IEEE Trans. on Veh. Technol., vol. VT-35, no. 1, pp. 2–7, Feb. 1986.
[5] G. J. Byers and F. Takawira, “Spatially and temporally correlated MIMO channels: Modeling and capacity analysis,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.,vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 634–643, May 2004.
[6] A. S. Akki, “Statistical properties of mobile-to-mobile land communication channels,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 826–831,Nov. 1994.
[7] G. L. Stuber, Principles of Mobile Communications. Boston, MA:Kluwer, 2001.
[8] J.P. Kermoal, L. Schumacher,K.I. Pedersen,P.E. Mogensen,and F.Frederiksen,“A Stochastic MIMO Radio Channel Modelwith Experimental Validation,IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1211–1226, Aug. 2002
[9] K. Yu, M. Bengtsson, B. Ottersten, D. McNamara, P. Karlsson,and M. Beach.“Second Order Statistics of NLOS Indoor MIMO Channels Based on 5.2GHz Measurements.In Pmc. IEEE Globecom 2WI, volume I, paps 156160, San Antonio, TX,November 2001.
[10] Lan Zhao,Student Member,IEEE and V.K. Dubey,Senior Meber,IEEE ”Detection Schemes for Space-Time Block Code and Spatial Multiplexing Combined System “
[11] A.J. Paularj, D.A. Gore, R.U. Babar and B. Helmut, “An overview of MIMO Communications-A Key to Gigabit Wireless,” Proceeding of the IEEE, Vol. 92, No. 2, pp.198-218, 2004
[12] A. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004, to be published.
[13] I. E. Telatar, “Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels,” Eur. Trans. Tel., vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 585–595, Nov./Dec. 1999.