臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文研究之目的是有效的運用有限狀態馬可夫通道模型，來模擬建構一個WiMAX寬頻衰減通道。
在無線通訊的系統中，當通道被視為寬頻通道時，通道衰減在時間和頻率上會有區塊衰減效應，使得訊號在傳送的過程中會受到通道衰減以及雜訊的影響，而影響到接收訊號的品質。經過通道後，接收到的訊號功率與雜訊的訊號功率會產生一個比值，稱為訊雜比，而訊雜比會有個範圍，我們將找出訊雜比的最大值及最小值，用有限狀態馬可夫通道去劃分成數個不等的狀態，進一步的去探討每個狀態的轉移機率及穩定機率。最後，利用這個有限狀態馬可夫通道模型來模擬雷利(Rayleigh)衰減的通道，再將此通道模型套用在WiMAX的系統架構中來進行模擬，並分析數個狀態下的錯誤率及效能。

The objective of this study is the effective utilization of Finite State Channel Model(FSMC) to simulate a broadband fading channel in WiMAX environment.
In wireless communication system, with the broadband channel can be viewed block fading in time and in frequency. Since transmitted signal is affected by the channel fading as well as the noise influence, and influenced the received signal quality. To evaluated the quality, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is applied. The range of signal to noise ratio can be applied to cooperate with the Finite State Markov Channel algorithm to divide many different unequal channel states. We then can find the transition probability and the stable probability of each state. Finally, uses this Finite State Markov Channel model to simulate Rayleigh fading channel in the WiMAX system.

目錄
目錄………………...…………………………………………………….....I
圖目錄……...…………………………………………………………......IV
表目錄……...……………………………………………………………..VI
第一章 緒論……….……………...……….……………………………1
1.1 研究背景和文獻分析…..……………….……………………...1
1.2 研究動機...………...……………….…………………………...1
1.3 研究方法...………...……………….…………………………...2
1.4 論文架構...………...……………….…………………………...3
第二章 車載資通訊-WiMAX系統…….………………………………4
2.1 Telematics(車載資通訊)…………….……………….…………4
2.1.1 Telematics簡介…………………………………...……4
2.1.2 行動通訊系統的發展……..………………………….....6
2.2 WiMAX系統…………..……………….………………………7
2.2.1 WiMAX介紹...…………………………………...……7
2.2.2 固定式與行動式WiMAX…………………………........8
2.2.3 WiMAX與其他系統比較………………..……………9
第三章 有限狀態馬可夫通道…...………...….………………………11
3.1 通道模型…………………………….………………………...12
3.2 Rayleigh衰減通道與模型…...….…….………………………13
3.2.1 Rayleigh衰減通道介紹...……………..………...……13
3.2.2 Rayleigh衰減通道……………………………………14
3.2.3 通道模型……………………………………………...20
3.3 Jakes Model………………..……….…….……………………22
3.3.1 Jakes Model介紹…….....……………..………...……22
3.3.2 加入有限狀態馬可夫通道，Jakes Model模擬………25
第四章 系統模型……………...………………………………………44
4.1 WiMAX的系統架構模型……………….……………………45
4.1.1 系統架構模型…………………………………...……45
4.1.2 系統架構模型模擬…………………………………...47
4.2 有限狀態馬可夫通道模型………..…….…………….………49
4.2.1 通道模型………………………………………...……49
4.3 將系統加入有限狀態馬可夫通道模型………………………50
4.3.1 四個狀態(4 state)有限馬可夫通道模擬與分析..……50
4.3.2 八個狀態(8 state)有限馬可夫通道模擬與分析..……52
4.3.3 十六個狀態(16 state)有限馬可夫通道模擬與分析…55
4.4 比較分析………………………………………………………57
4.4.1 比較分析有限狀態馬可夫通道………………...……57
4.4.2 比較分析加入有限狀態馬可夫通道的系統效能…...60 第五章 結論與未來方向...……………………………………………64
5.1 結論……………………...……………….……………………64
5.2 未來方向………………...……………….……………………65
參考文獻………………………...………………...………...……………66

參考文獻

[1]. H. S. Wang and N. Moayeri, “Finite-State Markov Channel-A Useful Model for Radio Communication Channels”, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., Vol. 44, February 1995
[2]. H. S. Wang and N. Moayeri, “Modeling ,and Joint Source/Channel
coding for Rayleigh Fading Channels” ,” in Proc. IEEE 43rd Vehicular
Technology Conf. (VTC), Secaucus, NJ, 1993, pp. 473–479
[3]. Cyril-Daniel Iskander and P.Takis Mathiopoulos, “Finite-State Markov
Modeling of Diversity Nakagami Channel”, in preparation.
[4]. Parastoo Sadeghi and Predrag Rapajic, “Analysis of Pilot Symbol
Assisted Modulation in Fading Channels Using Finite State Markov
Models”, Proc, IEEE Int Symo, on Spread Spectrum and it Applications
(ISSTA), Sydney ,Australia, Aug. 2004, pp.458-461..
[5]. M. Nakagami, “The m-distribution-a general formula of intensity
distribution of rapid fading,” in Statistical Methods in radio Wave
Propagation, W.C.Hoffman, Ed, pp.3-36.Pergamon, Elmsford, NY,
1960.
[6]. Dong Heon Lee, Suk Chan Kim, and Dong Chan Park, Young-il Kim
“A Comparative Study of Channel Estimation for Mobile WiMAX
System in High Mobility”, IEEE Trans. Commun Technol., vol. 1,
pp. 781–785, Feb. 2008.
[7]. “IEEE 802.16 WiMAX Standerds”Proprietary of NTHU
Communication SOC Lab, Copyright@2005.
[8]. Koon Hoo Teo, Zhifeng Tao, and Jinyun Zang, “The Mobile
Broadband WiMAX Standard”, IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING
MAGAZINE, SEPTEMBER 2007.
[9]. S. R. Saunders, “Antennas and Propagation for Wireless
Communication Systems”, John Wiley 1999.
[10]. B. Sklar, “Digital Communications:Fundamentals and Applications”,
Prentice Hall 2001, 2nd edition.
[11]. J. D. Parsons, “The Mobile Radio Propagation Channel”, John Wiley
2000, 2nd edition.
[12]. J.E. Vargas B.M.D Yacoub and L.G. de R.Guedes “On higher order
statistics of the Nakagami-m distribution,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.,
vol.48,no.3,pp.790-794,May 1999.
[13]. Masrul Faizal Mohamad, Mohammed Abdo Saeed, and Akhmad
Unggul Priantoro, “Downlink Channel Estimation and Tracking in
Mobile WiMAX Systems,”ICCCE 2008. International Conference on
Volume, Issue, pp.1340-1343, 13-15 May 2008.
[14]. C. C. Tan and N.C. Beaulieu, “On First-Order Markov Modeling for
the Rayleigh Fading Channel”, IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 48,
December 2000
[15]. M. Riediger and E. Shwedyk, “Communication Receivers Based on
Markov Models of the Fading Channel”, IEEE Proc.-Commun., Vol.
150, August 2003
[16]. A.Ramesh ,A.Chockalingam and L.B.Milstein, “A First-Order
Markov Model for Correlated Nakagami-m Fading Channels”,
Proc. IEEE ICC2002, New York, April- May 2002.
[17]. Vijay G. Subramanian, Member, IEEE, and Bruce Hajek,Fellow, IEEE, “Broad-Band Fading Channels: Signal Burstiness and Capacity”, IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, vol.48, no. 4, April 2002
[18]. Parastoo Sadeghi, Rodney A. Kennedy, Predrag B. Rapajic, and Ramtin Shams, “Finite-State Markov Modeling of Fading Channels,” IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE SEPTEMBER 2008.
[19]. B. Vucetic, “An adaptive coding scheme for time-varying channels,”
IEEE Trans.Commun., vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 653–663, May 1991.

[20]. F. Babich and G. Lombardi, “A Markov model for the mobile
propagation channel,”IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 49, no. 1, pp.
63–73, Jan. 2000.
[21]. F. Babich, O.E. Kelly, and G. Lombardi, “Generalized Markov
modeling for flat fading,” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 48, no. 4, pp.
547–551, Apr. 2000.
[22]. M.J. Chu, D.L. Goeckel, and W.E. Stark, “On the design of Markov
models for fading channal,” in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf.,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Sept.1999, pp. 2372–2376.
[23]. C. Pimentel, T.H. Falk, and L. Lisboa, “Finite-state Markov modeling
of correlated Rician-fading channels,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol.
53, no. 5, pp. 1491–1501,Sept. 2004.
[24]. C. Iskander and P.T. Mathiopoulos, “Fast simulation of diversity
Nakagami fading channels using finite-state Markov models,” IEEE
Trans. Broadcast., vol. 49, no. 3, pp.269–277, Sept. 2003.
[25]. Y.L. Guan and L.F. Turner, “Generalised FSMC model for radio
channels with correlated fading,” Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. Commun.,
vol.146, no. 2, pp. 133–137, Apr.1999.
[26]. Q. Zhang and S. Kassam, “Finite-state Markov model for Rayleigh
fading channels,”IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 47, no. 11, pp.
1688–1692, Nov. 1999.
[27] H. Kong and E. Shwedyk, “Sequence detection and channel estimation over finite state Markov channels,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 833–839, May 1999.