台灣的國際貿易型態是屬海島型經濟，本國對外經濟發展主要必須靠國際貿易來進行。而在貿易全球化、自由化的發展趨勢下，跨國經貿活動頻繁，在國際貿易過程中，「運輸」是為重要的一環，且需經此程序後才能完成國際貿易，而運輸為總稱，其是由運輸業加上服務業組成之業務架構，提供必要和附屬的物流服務,以確保貨物能快速、經濟、安全的進口或出口並到達目的地。除航空公司及海運船公司外，最主要代表的運輸服務業是為海運承攬運送業及航空貨運承攬業。這二種行業所經營的就是標準的「國際物流」程序，隨著全球化、自由化的發展趨勢，跨國經貿活動日益頻繁，各國貿易市場的開放為物流運籌業者帶來更多商機，但也引發與國際同業之間的競爭壓力。因應全球商業環境的變化，各行各業莫不積極思考進行彼此策略聯盟，以強化競爭力或提高獲利或降低損失。本研究主要分析範圍為「海運貨物承攬業」，調查的重點為該業在操作主要業務「零擔貨運運送」，本文研究目的為探討海運承攬運送業要如何進行策略聯盟夥伴及所需考量的條件標準以及其重要性，透過文獻回顧整理出海運策略聯盟的發展現況以及先前學者所提及之選擇夥伴之標準，及市場分析後，期望能作為海運承攬運送業若要進行策略聯盟之參考依據。

Taiwan belongs to island economically style which relies on international trading proceeding to extend foreign business development. Following with global / free trading, across business is happening every minute, "Transportation" a typical label, occupy the most important position to integrate each step to have completed procedure, she build up with transport and service industry to offer suitable and subsidiary logistics, and ensure goods deliver destination with fastest, economy and safety. Along with airlines and shipping lines, ocean freight forwarder and air freight forwarder become major representative in transportation service nowadays, standard international logistics procedure is just right management they provide. Open market creates more business, oppositely, more competitive, in order to confront unexpected global business variation, "Strategic Alliance" is the future direction to everyone, by doing this way to strong competency, increase profits and reduce loss. My report is directed against "ocean freight forwarder" which focus on the operation of "consolidation", purpose to discuss how to proceed strategic alliance, condition consideration and the position, through senior's related papers review to understand current development of strategic alliance, and the criterion of choosing partner, after market analysis, expect my report can be the reference of further strategic alliance expanding of ocean freight forwarder.

致 謝 i
摘 要 ii
Abstract iii
目 錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii

第一章 緒 論 1
1.1 研究動機與背景 1
1.2 研究範圍與目的 3
1.3 研究方法與流程 5

第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1 零擔貨運操作分析 7
2.1.1 併櫃作業方式 8
2.2 策略聯盟的定義 10
2.3 策略聯盟的動機 12
2.4 策略聯盟的型態 16
2.5 策略聯盟的類型分析 18
2.5.1策略聯盟類型 18
2.5.2 海運市場的策略聯盟現況 21
2.6 策略聯盟選擇伙伴之準則 24

第三章 研究方法 37
3.1 BCG 矩陣的介紹 37
3.2 計算方式 40

第四章 研究結果 42
4.1 市場現況分析 42
4.1.1市場介紹說明 43
4.1.2 區域航線運量分析 50
4.1.3 成本分析 65
4.2 BCG分析結果 72
4.2.1 香港線 72
4.2.2 廈門線 73
4.2.3 華北線 75
4.2.4 上海線 76
4.2.5 小結 77
4.3 綜合討論 78

第五章 結論與建議 79
5.1 研究結論 79
5.2 研究建議 82

參考文獻 83
中文部份 83
英文部份 84

附件一：主提單（Master B/L） 87
附件二：分提單（House B/L） 90
附件三：複合運送提單（以FIATA B/L為例） 93
附件四：海運貨運單（Sea Waybill） 96
附件五：電子提單（Electric B/L） 98

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英文部份
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