供貨多一點或是供貨少一點？這是許多商人煩惱的問題；選擇點彈性還是弧彈性？這是許多經濟學家煩惱的問題，本論文利用保守觀念協助商人和經濟學家選擇這兩個問題的答案。

文中首先尋找彈性的由來始末，以及點彈性和弧彈性的產生過程，並各自找出它們的原始文獻。接著分析點彈性和弧彈性彼此之間的關係︰在漲價和降價後，點彈性和弧彈性的大小關係，這部分探討了一些學者尚未提出的彈性現象。最後利用上述推導的結果，幫助商人做出保守的決策，該選擇哪一種彈性？該供貨多或供貨少？而這些彈性的選擇所導致有利的結果為何？不利的結果又為何？藉此能間接幫助我們調配價格。當完成這些動作之後，未來在商品供貨上的決策就容易多了。

To supply more goods or less goods ? This is a question that businessmen worry about. To choose the point elasticity or the arc elasticity? This is a question that economists worry about. This thesis assists businessmen and economists in choosing the two items.

First, we seek the origin of the elasticity and the invention of the point elasticity and the arc elasticity. We also search for their original paper respectively. Then, we analyze the relation between the point elasticity and the arc elasticity. After price raising and reducing, there will be proportion relation between the point elasticity and the arc elasticity. This part has discussed the elastic phenomenon which scholars have not proposed yet. Finally, businessmen can make a conservative decision with the use of above reasoning. Which elasticity will we choose? Should we supply more goods or less goods ? What is the benefit of the decision? What is the disadvantage of the decision? We can adjust the price by relying on the result. After these processes, how to make a decision to supply goods will be easier.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 研究範圍與方法 5
1.4 研究流程 5
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1 彈性的由來 7
2.2 弧彈性的由來 8
2.3 點彈性與弧彈性之相關研究與介紹 9
第三章 點彈性與弧彈性特性探討 17
3.1 需求彈性與供給彈性 17
3.2 點彈性與弧彈性 21
3.3 點彈性與弧彈性之大小比較與證明 29
第四章 以保守理念探討點彈性與弧彈性之適用性 40
4.1保守理念分析 40
4.2 數值分析 51
第五章 結論 78
參考文獻 81
參考網址 83

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