臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由過去的研究得知利用壓電元件應用於質子交換膜燃料電池之陰極端上，能夠提升電池性能與電流生成。壓電式流道質子交換膜燃料電池在吸入過程中陰極端能夠壓縮足夠空氣至觸媒層上，促進觸媒層電化學反應並增加電流輸出，同時也能排出陰極流道內的水氣。本文透過建立一實驗與三維暫態模型來模擬壓電式流道質子交換膜燃料電池，探討陰極開孔率(Open air ratio)與陰極出入口加上漸縮或漸擴閥之影響，並透過實驗進行驗證。開孔率由80.5%降低至47.9%可以提升電流密度17%，因為在陰極腔體中肋條可以有助於電化學反應，減少電子在腔體中游離的阻力，然而開孔率降低至34.7%，與空氣接觸面積不足，電化學反應不佳導致整體電流密度下降。陰極出入口加上漸縮或漸擴閥以一出口一入口(Type A)之電池性能表現最好，在相同的體積變化下，Type A產生的壓差大，能夠吸入較多的空氣及排出水氣。

Previous studies have indicated that a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a piezoelectric (PZT) device, which can offer better performance and current generation. Piezoelectric proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PZT-PEMFC) may compress more air into catalyst layer and thus may enhance electrochemical reactions, resulting in higher current output. At the same time, produced water vapor can pump out the cathode channel during the compression process. In this study, a transient three-dimensional model is built to simulate. We discuss the performance of PZT-PEMFC with cathode open air ratio and cathode in/outlet with nozzle/diffuser. Cathode open area ratio from 80.5% to 47.9% may increase the current density 17% of PZT-PEMFC. The reason is that the ribs can reduce electron resistance and increase chemical reaction. The cell with open air ratio reduced to 34.7%, resulting higher in-plane electrical resistance and lower ionic conductivity of the membrane. The performance of cathode in/outlet with nozzle/diffuser (Type A) is better. In the same differential change of volume, Type A can suck in more oxygen and pump out water vapor.

致謝 Ⅰ
摘要 Ⅱ
Abstract Ⅳ
章節目錄 Ⅶ
表目錄 Ⅷ
圖目錄 Ⅹ
符號表 ⅩⅠ

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 燃料電池之介紹 3
1.2.1 歷史 3
1.2.2 原理及特性 4
1.2.3 分類 5
1.3質子交換膜燃料電池（PEMFC）簡介 6
1.4 燃料電池之效率 7
1.4.1 極化(Polarization) 9
1.4.2 當量比(Equivalent Ratio) 10
1.4.3 集電板開孔率(Open air ratio) 11
1.5 壓電可變式流道質子交換膜燃料電池(PZT-PEMFC)之介紹 11
1.5.1 微幫浦之分類 11
1.5.2 壓電效應與壓電材料 12
1.5.3 壓電可變式流道質子交換膜燃料電池 13
1.6 文獻回顧 14
1.7 研究目的 21
第二章 理論模式之建立 22
2.1 基本假設 22
2.2 壓電薄膜之理論建立 22
2.3 統御方程式 24
2.3.1 流道層 24
2.3.2 擴散層 26
2.3.3 觸媒層 29
2.4 數值方法 32
2.4.1 套裝軟體CFD-RC介紹 33
2.4.2 通用守恆方程式 33
2.4.3 有限體積法 34
2.4.4 SIMPLEC演算法則 37
2.5 收斂標準 40
2.6 物理模型 40
2.6.1 電池的基本尺寸 41
2.6.2 陰極流道 41
2.7 邊界條件與初始條件 42
2.8 格點測試 44
第三章 實驗平台架構與方法 46
3.1 實驗設備與系統 46
3.1.1 燃料電池測試系統 46
3.1.2 電池設計 48
3.2 實驗步驟與方法 48
3.2.1 電池組裝 48
3.2.2 膜電極組活化 49
3.2.3 實驗步驟 49
3.2.4 壓電頻率實驗 50
第四章 結果與討論 51
4.1 不同陰極壓電頻率對於燃料電池的影響 51
4.2 陰極流道開孔率對於燃料電池的影響 52
4.3 漸縮或漸擴閥對燃料電池的影響 53
4.4 壓電頻率實驗 54
4.4.1 再線性實驗 54
4.4.2 最佳壓電頻率實驗 54
4.4.3 模擬與實驗比較 54
第五章 結論與建議 56
5.1 結論 56
5.2 建議 57
參考文獻 58

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