臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文探討的是以含浸法還原Pt前驅物H2PtCl6，並用MWCNT做為金屬離子之載體。實驗中所使用的還原劑分別為乙二醇、甲酸、NaBH4。
在本實驗中，成功使用三種還原劑合成了Pt/CNT電極觸媒，並塗佈於陰陽兩極的Pt/CNT觸媒劑量約為3mg/cm2，最終製成MEA進行單電池測試。測試結果顯示當以低電流進行拉載，發現商用與自製觸媒效能反應並無太大差異；以高電流拉載時碳管製備的觸媒效能則較差，推測為Pt/C的活化表面積較大故觸媒反應的三相點較Pt/CNT多為主因。實驗結果以甲酸為還原劑製作的Pt/CNT電極觸媒有較好的輸出性能表現。
熱壓溫度、壓力及時間都會對製備出的MEA效能有影響。因此，有效控制上述變因，將是提升膜電極效能的重要條件。

關鍵字：燃料電池、膜電極組（MEA），浸漬還原法、熱壓壓製

Using impregnation-reduction method to prepare the electrodes is convenient, economic, and easily controlled. The objective of this research was to prepare the electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells using Impregnation-reduction method with three different reductants. The process of this work was divided into two steps. The first step was to use Enhylene glycol, Formic acid, NaBH4 ehthylene glycol as the reductants respectively to reduce hexachlorplatinic acid into Pt nanoparticles. Dispersion stability of the Pt nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotube was examined respectively by changing the reductants volumetric fractions and analysed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The second was to prepare Membrane and Electrode Assembly(MEA) by appling the directly spraying catalyst on the membrane, which was then sandwiched with carbon papers, and hot pressed by changing temperature and pressure. The MEAs prepared by different ways were sandwiched with the bipolar plates to assemble a single fuel cell. Finally the fuel cell was tested on fuel cell station. The result indicated that the performance of MEA prepared by using Formic acid as the reductants was the better than using the other reductants.
The comparisons of performance for fuel cell in self-manufacturing MEA and commercial MEA indicated that the former outperforms within current density 1400 mA/cm2. It was proved that Impregnation-reduction method was available on the MEA of PEMFC by way of these test results.
Keywords；Fuel cell、MEA、Hot-pressuring、impregnation-reduction

摘要......................................................i
Abstract.................................................ii
致謝....................................................iii
目錄......................................................v
表目錄...................................................ix
圖目錄....................................................x
第1章 緒論.............................................1
1.1 前言.............................................1
1.2 文獻回顧.........................................2
1.2.1 觸媒製作.........................................2
1.2.2 碳載體研究.......................................6
1.2.3 疏水研究.........................................7
1.2.4 nafion膜相關研究.................................8
1.2.5 觸媒塗佈研究.....................................8
1.2.6 熱壓研究........................................10
1.3 研究目的........................................11
第2章 理論背景........................................12
2.1 燃料電池開發背景................................12
2.2 燃料電池種類....................................13
2.3 鹼性燃料電池（alkaline fuel cell，AFC）：.......17
2.4 磷酸型燃料電池（phosphoric acid fuel cell，PAFC）： ................................................17
2.5 熔熔碳酸鹽燃料電池（molten carbonate fuel cell，MCFC）： ................................................18
2.6 固態氧化物燃料電池（solid oxide fuel cell，SOFC）： ................................................19
2.7 直接醇類燃料電池（direct methanol fuel cell，DMFC）：.................................................20
2.8 質子交換膜燃料電池（proton exchange membrane fuel cel，PEMFC）：...........................................22
2.8.1 反應三相點......................................24
2.8.2 內部元件........................................26
2.8.3 觸媒............................................26
2.8.4 質子交換膜......................................28
2.8.5 氣體擴散層......................................31
2.8.6 雙極板與流場....................................32
2.9 極化............................................33
2.10 具載體型奈米金屬催化劑合成......................35
2.10.1 直接還原法......................................36
2.10.2 浸漬法..........................................37
2.10.3 化學還原法......................................37
2.10.4 醇類還原含浸法..................................37
2.10.5 膠體法..........................................38
2.10.6 微波法..........................................38
2.10.7 共沉澱法........................................39
2.10.8 UV輻射輔助晶化..................................39
2.10.9 微細胞法........................................40
2.11 觸媒載體-奈米碳管...............................41
2.11.1 碳管改質........................................42
2.11.2 碳黑與碳管之比較................................43
2.12 還原劑的選用....................................44
第3章 實驗設備........................................46
3.1 單電池測式機台..................................47
3.2 熱壓系統........................................49
3.3 場發射電子顯微鏡................................50
第4章 實驗流程........................................52
第5章 結果與討論......................................58
5.1 實驗變因........................................58
5.2 實驗結果........................................59
5.2.1 熱壓壓力........................................60
5.3 各觸媒輸出功率比較..............................61
5.3.1 乙二醇製備觸媒..................................62
5.3.2 甲酸為還原劑之觸媒..............................65
5.3.3 NaBH4製備觸媒...................................68
5.4 自製最佳觸媒與商用比較..........................71
第6章 結論與建議......................................73
6.1 結論............................................73
6.2 建議............................................74
參考文獻.................................................75

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