臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著企業市場的變化，差異化與客製化產品使生產由以往的「少樣多量」生產環境轉變為「多樣少量」的需求模式，單元製造為近年來實務上因應「多樣少量」之生產系統。
本研究採”Learning to See”一書中阿克米製造汽車方向機柱支架未來理想圖範例為基礎來實驗，運用系統模擬軟體工具以實驗設計方式建構不同的生產系統環境，實驗六種單元製造模式，探討不同製造單元數、換模時間節省、不同批量及生產看板配置不同下，其因應不同需求型態的表現對單元製造的影響因素與比較績效差異。
超市後拉生產環境下實驗結果顯示，無論是「少樣多量」或「多樣少量」的需求，多個多能工製造單元、產品流動批量為一個、生產看板配置以看板依種類產品指派至各個單元的方式，可得良好績效。而換模時間改善幅度增加時六種單元製造模式彼此的績效其差異會越小。
接單後生產環境下實驗結果顯示，在「多樣少量」的需求時，多個多能工製造單元、產品流動批量為一個、生產看板配置以看板依種類產品指派至各個單元的方式其績效最好。但在「少樣多量」的需求時，以一個製造單元、產品流動批量為一個的方式，可得較佳績效。
顯示超市後拉生產環境下，多個多能工製造單元，可因應不同需求型態，在接單後生產環境下，宜依需求型態變化，調整製造單元數，方能維持營良好運績效。

The product differentiation and customization strategy force the production system to shift from mass to high variety low volume production. In recent years, cell production system is proposed to cope with the requirement.
In this research, we use the example case from a reference book "Learning to See" for experimental study. Six cell production models were constructed with simulation tool eM-Plant. The number of cells, batch size, rate of setup reduction, methods of kanban assignment are the experimental factors.
In supermarket pull supply mode, the multi-cell production system with multi-skill operator, one-piece transfer batch, and dedicated cell rule performs better for demands with high variety low volume and low variety high volume. Setup reduction will make the gap of performance measure among the six cell production models smaller. In make-to-order supply mode, the multi-cell production system with multi-skill operator, one-piece transfer batch, and dedicated cell rule performs better for demands with high variety low volume. However, the single-cell production system with one-piece transfer batch performs better for demands with low variety high volume. In make-to-order supply mode, number of cells should be adjusted according to the shifting of product variety and volume.

摘要I
ABSTRACTII
致謝III
目錄IV
表目錄VII
圖目錄IX
第一章 緒論1
1.1研究動機與背景1
1.2研究目的2
1.3研究對象與範圍2
1.4研究流程與步驟2
1.5論文架構4
第二章 文獻探討5
2.1及時生產系統6
2.2單元製造7
2.2.1單元製造的定義與型態8
2.2.2單元製造的特點11
2.2.3單元製造的優點13
2.3系統模擬方法16
2.3.1系統模擬的定義16
2.3.2系統模擬之特性17
2.3.3系統模擬應用於JIT改善生產系統相關之研究18
2.3.3.1拉式生產系統與看板的運用19
2.3.3.2單分鐘換模（SMED）20
2.4文獻探討小結21
第三章 研究方法22
3.1研究架構22
3.2系統模式建構24
3.2.1系統描述24
3.2.2系統架構28
3.2.3系統假設28
3.3系統模式建構流程與相關設定29
3.3.1定義訂單型態30
3.3.2設定看板類型與功能31
3.3.3成品倉庫設定32
3.3.4供應商與原料倉庫設定33
3.3.5工作現場設定34
3.3.5.1一個單元製造佈置34
3.3.5.2三個單元製造佈置36
3.4實驗設計37
3.4.1實驗分析組合一38
3.4.2實驗分析組合二39
第四章 模型建構與結果41
4.1模型說明41
4.2模型設計架構41
4.2.1訂單產生41
4.2.2看板運作機制42
4.2.2.1運用看板類型42
4.2.2.2看板運作流程43
4.2.3系統績效指標計算46
4.3架構模型介紹與設定47
4.3.1主架構47
4.3.2子架構－成品倉庫47
4.3.3子架構－工作現場50
4.3.4供應商與原料倉庫56
4.4實驗結果分析57
4.4.1實驗分析組合一之結果58
4.4.2實驗分析組合二之結果63
第五章 結論與建議70
5.1結論
5.2研究貢獻71
5.3未來研究與建議事項72
參考文獻73
附錄76

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