臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文探討一數位化控制之滑動模式降壓型直流/直流轉換器。滑動模式為一種非線性控制，具有很好的強健性以及控制方法簡單等特點，故廣泛應用於控制領域，且幾乎不受外部干擾以及負載變化等影響，並擁有良好的動態響應與穩態響應，適用於控制降壓型直流/直流轉換器。
本文將推導降壓型轉換器的數學模型，以設計滑動模式的數位控制器。其次，利用滑動模式控制器系統化設計流程，由模擬及實驗結果驗證此控制器之性能。系統中利用數位信號處理器為控制平台，研製輸入電壓12V，輸出電壓3.3V，最大輸出電流為20A的降壓型轉換器。由實驗結果顯示，所研製的數位化滑動模式控制降壓型直流/直流轉換器同時具有良好的命令追蹤及負載調節控制特性。

The objective of this thesis is to design and implement the sliding-mode digital controller for buck converter. Since sliding-mode control has the merits of very good robustness and simple control, its application has become popular. The sliding mode control scheme is robust to both external disturbances and load variations, and the system also has good performance of dynamic and steady-state responses. This approach is therefore suitable for buck converter control.
The mathematic model of buck converter under sliding-mode control is derived in order to design the related controllers. Moreover, sliding-mode controller is designed and verified by simulation and experimental results. The specifications of the designed and implemented buck converter include: input voltage = 12 V, output voltage = 3.3 V and output current = 20 A. Experimental results derived from the DSP-based system demonstrate that the buck converter based upon the designed sliding-mode digital controller provides satisfied tracking and load regulation performance.

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 .vi
圖目錄 ..vii
第一章 緒論...1
1.1 研究背景與動機 ...1
1.2 研究目的...3
1.3 內容大綱...4
第二章 降壓型轉換器的分析...5
2.1 同步整流...5
2.2 降壓型轉換器的動作原理...5
2.3 降壓型轉換器的數學模型...8
2.4 降壓型轉換器的控制模式...9
第三章 滑動模式控制器的設計...10
3.1 滑動模式控制原理...10
3.1.1 滑動模式...10
3.1.2 迫近條件與滑動條件...12
3.1.3 等效控制...14
3.2 降壓型直流轉換器之滑動模式控制...17
3.2.1 系統模型建立 ...17
3.2.2 傳統滑動模式控制器的設計...18
3.2.2.1 降壓型轉換器的數學模型...18
3.2.2.2 理想滑動模式電壓控制器的設計 ...20
3.2.2.3 實際滑動模式電壓控制器的設計 ...24
3.2.2.4 傳統滑動模式控制器的模擬結果...28
3.2.3 準滑動模式控制器的設計...33
3.2.3.1 理想滑動模式PID之降壓型轉換器的數學模型...33
3.2.3.2 滑動模式存在條件...35
3.2.3.3 存在條件與設計參數的考量...37
3.2.3.4 滑模係數的選擇...39
3.2.3.5 控制法則的推導...40
3.2.3.6準滑模動模式控制器的模擬結果...42
3.3 數位控制器...47
第四章 實驗系統與結果....49
4.1 硬體架構.....49
4.2 數位訊號處理器 ...51
4.2.1 特性簡介...52
4.2.2 高速與低速週邊裝置...54
4.2.3 通用輸入/輸出...55
4.2.4 週邊中斷擴充 ...56
4.2.5 事件管理器...58
4.2.5.1 功能介紹...58
4.2.5.2 通用計時器 ...59
4.2.5.3 脈波寬度調變結合比較單元...60
4.2.6 類比/數位轉換器...61
4.2.7 Q格式...63
4.3 程式設計流程與CPU時間...64
4.4 準滑動模式控制的實測波形...66
4.5 準滑動模式控制之動態負載的實測波形...72
4.6 比例積分控制之動態負載的實測波形...74
4.7 準滑動模式控制與比例積分控制之比較...76
第五章 結論與未來研究方向...77
5.1 結論...77
5.2 未來研究方向...77
參考文獻...78
附錄
A 式(3.74)之推導...81

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