臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗利用有機環保高分子-左旋聚乳酸(PLLA)以及新型紡織高分子材料-聚對苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)和耐衝擊改質劑甲基丙烯酸酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(MBS)，以熔融混煉的方式混成含有不同比例之摻混物。熱重損失分析儀(TGA)觀察到隨著PTT與MBS的增加，其熱殘餘量與裂解溫度也隨之提高。微分掃描熱卡計(DSC)非等溫實驗中可看出PLA隨著MBS的加入Tg往低溫移動，PTT的Tg與冷結晶隨著MBS的加入而消失;等溫結晶實驗中可發現MBS的加入使PTT結晶速率變快，Avrami成核指數n在MBS 5 phr時候有最大值。另外從X光繞射儀(XRD)看出MBS的加入對PLA及PTT 特徵峰的消長，並計算出掺合體隨著MBS的加入熔融結晶的結晶度明顯下降。
在形態學方面，我們利用電子掃描顯微鏡(SEM)觀察摻合體相容性，並用偏光顯微鏡(POM)來觀察融熔結晶加入MBS後的改變。在機械性質部份，PLA富含相中隨著MBS的加入抗張強度下降、拉升長度上升;PTT富含相中隨著MBS的加入抗張強度下降且拉升長度也下降;PTT/PLA=50/50成份中隨著MBS加入除了抗張強度下降之外，拉升長度也下降，甚至比純PLA拉升長度更低。

In this study, organic environmental polymer (PLLA) and new-type textile polymer (PTT) and impact modifier MBS were melt-mixed in brabender. Thermal gravimetric (TGA) result shows the residue and weight lose temperature will improve with the increase of PTT and MBS. Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) nonisothermal experiment can find PLA glass temperature were shift to low temperature when MBS added. PTT glass temperature and cold crystallization were disappear when MBS added. From isothermal-crystallization analysis, the crystallization rate of PTT were increase when MBS added. The value of Avrami exponent n has maximum when MBS was 5 phr. X-ray diffraction (XRD) observing the characteristic peaks growth and decline, showed that the degree of crystallinity of blend were descend when MBS added.
We also used scanning electron microscopy(SEM), polarized-light microscopy (POM) to observe the morphology of each blend. Under the POM, the results clearly show the different morphology of melt and cold crystallization. In PLA-rich blend,tensile strength were descrease and elongation increase when MBS added.In PTT-rich blend and PLA/PTT 50/50, tensile strength and elongation were both descrease when MBS added.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌 謝 iii
總目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 高分子摻混系統 3
1.3 研究背景 7
1.4 研究目的 12
第二章 文獻回顧 14
2.1 玻璃轉移溫度 14
2.2 Avrami equation 15
2.3 高分子結晶速率 16
2.4 晶體成長 17
2.5 區型轉移 20
2.6 多熔融峰行為 23
2.7 結晶熱力學方程式 25
2.8 X-ray繞射理論 27
2.9 高分子機械性質28
第三章 實驗 32
3.1 實驗材料 32
3.2 實驗儀器 33
3.3 複材配方表 34
3.4 實驗方法 34
(1) 試樣製作 34
(2) TGA分析 34
(3) POM分析 35
(4) SEM分析 35
(5) XRD分析 35
(6) DSC分析 35
(7)拉伸測試36
3.5 實驗流程37
第四章 結果與討論 38
4.1 TGA分析 38
4.2 非等溫結晶行為探討 40
4.2.1 玻璃轉移溫度及冷結晶 40
4.2.2 非等溫融熔結晶行為 41
4.3 等溫結晶行為探討 50
4.3.1 單一組成不同結晶溫度之等溫結晶行為 50
4.3.2 Avrami equation 50
4.3.3 等溫結晶下的結晶度 51
4.3.4 平衡熔點 51
4.3.5 Hoffman-Lauritzen -晶體成長速率與成核參數分析 52
4.3.6 板晶厚度 53
4.4 SEM觀察 68
4.5 廣角X-Ray繞射圖分析 74
4.5.1 冷(cold crystallization)結晶觀察 74
4.5.2 融熔(Melt crystallization)結晶觀察 75
4.5.3 廣角X光繞射圖譜總體結晶率的計算 75
4.6 偏光顯微鏡觀察 82
4.6.1 偏光顯微鏡觀察純PTT部分 82
4.6.2 偏光顯微鏡觀察純PLA部分 83
4.7 抗拉強度分析94
第五章 結論 99
參考文獻 102
附錄 105

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