臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

採用單級蒸氣壓縮冷凍循環操作之空氣源熱泵熱水器，當其運轉於低溫環境溫度(-5~-25℃)時將面臨許多問題，例如: 壓縮機之壓縮比過大、蒸發器之入口乾度變大、及壓縮機之排氣溫度升高，這些都將使機組的運轉性能變差。因此，探討如何使空氣源熱泵熱水系統於低溫環境溫度運轉時，能克服上述之問題，並使效率提高，就成為此類設備開發之重要課題。本文主要研究目的為: 以具有節能器之R404A空氣源熱泵熱水器作為研究對象，藉由理論模擬方式進行參數分析，探討在不同操作條件下，中間壓力調節對最佳運轉性能之影響。研究結果發現：準二級循環較單級循環整體性能約可提高17%;系統冷媒由R-22改為R404A平均可提高整體性能約8%;當其在不同操作條件下(不同之冷凝與蒸發壓力變動下)，使用準二級蒸氣壓縮製熱循環之R404A空氣源熱泵熱水器系統，存在有一最佳中間壓力值，並對應一最佳運轉效率;最佳中間壓力發生於接近冷凝壓力與蒸發壓力之幾何平均值，本文所得之結果皆與Cao(2009)相同。

While single stage air source heat pump water heater runs in conditions of low ambient temperature(-5~-25℃), it will face some problems. Such as: Compression ratio of the compressor will be oversized, the evaporator inlet quality will increase, and the discharge temperature of compressor will increase. Therefore, if air source heat pump water heater runs in conditions of low ambient temperature, it can overcome the above problem, and make the high efficiency. It’s important to development equipment. The objective of this study is, through theory simulation parametric analysis adjusting the intermediate pressure to change system performance for quasi-two stage air source heat pump water heater with economizer and R-404A in different operating condition. The results show that: quasi-two stage air source heat pump water heater can increase the coefficient of performance about 17% than single stage. The refrigerant using R-404A can increase the coefficient of performance about average 8% than R-22. In different operating condition(condensing pressure and the evaporation pressure), the system uses quasi-two stage air source heat pump water heater with economizer and R-404A, There will be a maximum value of the heating coefficient of performance and the coefficient of performance correspondence for optimum intermediate pressure. The optimum intermediate pressure occurs closely to the geometry of mean value condensing pressure and the evaporation pressure. The obtained result of this study equivalent to Cao(2009).

摘 要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
誌 謝 iv
目 錄 v
圖目錄 vii
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 5
1.3 研究目的 10
第二章 理論模式 11
2.1 物理模型 11
2.2 熱力關係式 14
2.3元件模式 14
2.3.1壓縮機模式 14
2.3.1-a 壓縮機低壓段 15
2.3.1-b 壓縮機中間段狀態 17
2.3.1-c 壓縮機高壓段 18
2.3.2冷凝器模式 22
2.3.3蒸發器模式 23
2.3.4節能器(Economizer)模式 24
2.3.5節流裝置模式 25
2.3.6性能係數評估 26
2.4系統求解與分析流程 26
2.4.1 冷媒性質 26
2.4.2 系統分析流程 26
2.4.3 模式驗證方法 29
第三章 結果與討論 31
3.1模式驗證 31
3.2單級(不具節能器)與準二級(具節能器)之比較 36
3.3冷媒R22與R404A於相同運轉模式之性能比較 40
3.4 R-404A準二級循環最佳中間壓力之性能分析 44
第四章 結論 51
參考文獻 52
符號彙整 55

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