臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

機車具有體積小、停車方便、價格低廉的優勢，使得許多民眾選擇機車作為主要代步的交通工具，卻也增加了交通意外事故發生的可能。機車在台灣的交通問題上，佔有相當的份量，尤其是一般機車騎士不遵守秩序所造成安全上的威脅與疑慮，更是長期被關注的焦點。交通事故的發生多受人為因素所影響，其中主要由個人失誤或違規行為所造成。

民眾常因為外在環境與內在心理影響，產生機車違規行為。因此瞭解駕駛人違規行為因素，將有助於改善道路交通安全。然而駕駛人違規因素大多屬於主觀知覺、不易量化的潛在構面；過去研究大多從單一面向討論駕駛者心理層面，未能全面考慮交通違規行為之影響因素；本研究由駕駛者的內在人格特質、學習經驗與環境之間的互動關係，整合相關的因素，探討駕駛違規行為之因果邏輯關係。之後透過結構化方程式( Structural Equation Modeling, SEM )驗證模式配適性（Goodness of Fit），建構機車駕駛違規行為決策歷程，以作為加強機車駕駛者的道路守法觀念與維護道路交通安全，與後續政府擬定交通管理策略之參考。

Motorcycle is the most popular vehicle mode used in Taiwan because of its mobility, low parking fee, and affordable purchase cost. It is worthy of mentioned that incidents usually happen due to the violation of motorcyclist including absent minded, personal attitudes or other related issues. Rectifying abnormal driving behaviors of motorcyclists may enhance the performance of traffic safety.

Violation of motorcyclists is affected by many factors, including psychological status and environmental conditions, all of which are often subjective and unobservable. To make the problem easily identify, previous studies only focused on single dimension though, the comprehensive cause-effect of violation behavior of motorcyclist remains unclear.

This research aims at the overall cause-effect consequences of violation behavior of motorcyclist employing the exploring structural equation model (SEM). Finally, some important conclusions can be drew, followed by suggested traffic management strategies for authorities.

目錄
目錄 V
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究內容與流程 3
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1 違規行為影響因子 6
2.1.1 低估危險 6
2.1.2 情緒 7
2.1.3 人格特質 8
2.1.4 學習經驗 9
2.1.5 主觀規範 10
2.1.6 態度 11
2.1.7 環境 12
2.1.8 違規行為 12
2.2 違規行為之相互影響因素 14
2.2.1 人格特質、低估危險與違規行為 14
2.2.2 人格特質與情緒 14
2.2.3 情緒與態度 15
2.2.4 情緒與低估危險 15
2.2.5 學習經驗與低估危險 16
2.2.6 環境與低估危險 16
2.2.7 人格特質、態度與違規行為 16
2.2.8 主觀規範與違規行為 17
2.2.9 群體表現與態度 17
2.2.10 環境與態度 18
2.2.11 人格特質與學習經驗 18
2.2.12 主觀規範與學習經驗 19
2.3 小結 20
2.4 駕駛行為相關文獻 26
2.4.1 行為觀察法 26
2.4.2 心理探測法 26
2.4.3 小結 27
第三章 研究方法 28
3.1 研究架構 28
3.2 問卷設計 30
3.3 問卷內容 33
3.4 研究對象與抽樣方式 37
3.5 資料分析方法 38
3.5.1 各研究變項基本分析 38
3.5.2 結構方程模式( Structural Equation Modeling, SEM ) 39
3.5.3 結構方程模式(SEM)評估與配適度 40
3.6 研究設計與操作流程 45
第四章 資料分析與結果 46
4.1 問卷基本結構分析 46
4.2 模式估計方法之選擇 48
4.3 因素分析 50
4.4 信度分析 54
4.4.1 問卷信度分析 54
4.4.2 潛在變數的組合信度( Composite Reliability ) 55
4.5 效度分析 56
4.5.1 收斂效度( Convergent Validity ) 56
4.5.2 區別效度( Discriminant Validity ) 58
4.6 模式評鑑與假設檢定 59
4.6.1 基本配適檢驗 59
4.6.2 整體模式適合度的評估 61
4.7 路徑係數檢定 62
4.8 駕駛違規行為之因果邏輯分析 64
4.9 效果分析 66
4.10 中介效果檢定 74
第五章 結論與建議 80
5.1 結論 80
5.2 建議 83
參考文獻 84
附錄一-試調問卷 94
附錄二-實調問卷 98


表目錄
表2-1 五大人格特質分類表 9
表2-2 各潛在變項之組合與相關理論表 21
表2-3 各潛在變相間關係與理論相關表 22
表2-3 各潛在變相間關係與理論相關表(續1) 23
表2-3 各潛在變相間關係與理論相關表(續2) 24
表2-4 違規行為問卷相關文獻彙整表 27
表3-1 駕駛者違規行為問卷內容 34
表3-1 駕駛者違規行為問卷內容(續1) 35
表3-1 駕駛者違規行為問卷內容(續2) 36
表3-2 樣本數分佈表 37
表3-3 整體模式適合度的評估 44
表4-1 各區域分配之抽樣數目與回收數目 46
表4-2 受訪者樣本之敘述統計表 47
表4-3 各觀察變項之平均數、標準差、偏態與峰度 48
表4-3 各觀察變項之平均數、標準差、偏態與峰度(續1) 49
表4-4 潛在因子組成關係 52
表4-4 潛在因子組成關係(續1) 53
表4-5 潛在變數信度係數表 54
表4-6 違規行為心理模式信度分析 55
表4-7 違規行為心理模式收斂效度分析 56
表4-7 違規行為心理模式收斂效度分析(續1) 57
表4-8 違規行為心理模式區別效度分析 58
表4-9 模式參數估計表 59
表4-9 模式參數估計表(續1) 60
表4-9 模式參數估計表(續2) 61
表4-10 整體模式配適度指標 61
表4-11 路徑分析結果 62
表4-12 違規行為路徑分析之各項效果 67
表4-12 違規行為路徑分析之各項效果(續1) 68
表4-13 違規行為之三構面分析 69
表4-14 低估危險、態度對違規行為之路徑分析 70
表4-15 低估危險、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析 71
表4-16 態度、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析 72
表4-17-1 人格特質、情緒迴歸分析表 75
表4-17-2 人格特質、情緒、態度階層迴歸分析表 75
表4-18-1 人格特質、低估危險迴歸分析表 77
表4-18-2 人格特質、低估危險、違規行為階層迴歸分析表 77
表4-19-1 人格特質、態度迴歸分析表 78
表4-19-2 人格特質、態度、違規行為階層迴歸分析表 79
表5-1 研究假設與驗證結果彙整表 82

圖目錄
圖1-1 研究流程圖 5
圖2-1 研究地圖 25
圖3-1 駕駛違規行為因素影響模式路徑圖 28
圖3-2 問卷設計流程圖 33
圖4-1 模式因果邏輯之路徑係數 63
圖4-2 違規行為之三構面路徑分析 69
圖4-3 低估危險、態度對違規行為之路徑分析 70
圖4-4 低估危險、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析 71
圖4-5 態度、主觀規範對違規行為之路徑分析 72
圖4-6 低估危險、態度、情緒影響違規行為之路徑係數 73
圖4-7 中介檢定說明 74

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