臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

研究背景與目的：使用電子病歷可增加病患資料正確性，有效提升醫療品質，實現以病人為中心之理念，於是各國以電子病歷可交換性與增加可近性為發展重心，並開始重視病患的授權問題。行政院衛生署為了順應電子病歷的發展趨勢，於2008年5月執行「建構以病人為中心之電子病歷跨院資訊交換環境計畫」，除了建置院際間的電子病歷交換環境外，更讓病患擁有病歷，回歸其病歷資訊保管權，希望提供連續性的照護、減低醫病資訊不平等與自我健康管理。故本研究欲了解隨身碟電子病歷推廣現況、影響病患對其使用意願與行為之相關因素，並比較有無申請兩類病患於自變項上的差異。

方法：研究對象為10家自願參與試辦計畫的醫學中心，採用定額抽樣方式，受試樣本為申請與無申請電子病歷兩類病患。研究工具為以科技接受模式為基礎之結構式問卷，問卷共發放3000份，回收總計1549份，有效問卷為1465份，有效回收率48.83%，並利用SPSS 12.0軟體進行統計分析。

結果：申請電子病歷之病患個人特質分別以女性、30-39歲與大學程度為最多，就醫經驗與自覺身體較差的比例較高，其認知有用性、認知易用性、社會規範與隱私安全性認知程度顯著高於無申請者(p<0.001)。羅吉斯迴歸分析結果顯示，影響申請行為之因素為40-49歲(OR=1.516)、高中職(OR=0.303)、專科(OR=0.339)、大學(OR=0.363)、研究所(OR=0.378)、紙本病歷申請經驗(OR=1.498)、半年內兩家醫院以上就醫經驗(OR=0.739)、認知有用性(OR=1.596)、社會規範(OR=1.469)、電腦自我效能(OR=0.769)與使用意願(OR=9.431)。

結論：申請電子病歷的病患其使用意願顯著高於無申請者，因此建議政府宣導電子病歷有用性與易用性，加強與升級醫院資訊系統的安全、隱私，以降低病患疑慮，提升電子病歷的申請行為。

Background: Electronic health records (EHR) can provide accuracy of health information which also enhances the quality of medical treatment, and achieves the goal of patient-centered care. With the emerging of information technologies, many countries have focused on data interoperability, access, and patient’s authorization. Taiwan Department of Health (DOH) has carried out “Building of an Information Exchange Environment for Cross-Hospital Digital Medical Record project” in May, 2008. DOH’s project tried to build the portable data exchange environment, and empowered people to own their health records to provide the continuum care, self-health management and reduced the information asymmetry. Thus, this study aimed to understand the status quo of portable EHR in Taiwan, explored the factors affecting patients’ usage intention and adoption behavior, and compared the patients apply the portable EHR with the others.

Methods: This study used quota sampling, and the subjects were patients selected from 10 medical centers which volunteered to participate in the DOH project. The subjects can be divided into two groups, one group requested the flash drive with portable data and the other group did not. The structured questionnaire base on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to conduct the survey which was distributed to 3000 respondents.1549 were returned and 1465 were valid from the returned answer sheets, so the valid rate was 48.83%. The SPSS 12.0 statistics software was used for analyzing data.

Results: The results showed the majority of adopt group, whose demographics were female, age between 30 to 39 years old, and university-educated. They had more experiences of medical treatment, but less self-perception of health. And their recognitions of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, subjective norms, privacy and safety were higher than non-adopt group (p<0.001). From the results of logistic regression, we found the factors affecting patients’ adoption behavior were age between 40 to 49 years old(OR=1.516), high school-educated(OR=0.303), college-educated(OR=0.339), university-educated(OR=0.363), graduate school-educated(OR=0.378), paper-based medical record release(OR=1.498), medical care seeking over two hospitals in a half year(OR=0.739), perceived usefulness(OR=1.596), subjective norm(OR=1.469), computer self-efficacy(OR=0.769) and usage intention(OR=9.431).

Conclusions: The usage intention of EHR adopters was significantly higher than non-adopters. Therefore, we suggest that government should popularize the perceived usefulness and ease of use of portable HER. Hospitals must upgrade the safety and privacy of EHR system. Thus, patients’ doubts would be reduced and the behavior of applying portable EHR would be effectively increased.

目　錄
致謝 i
論文摘要 ii
Abstract iv
第一章　緒論1
第一節　研究背景與重要性1
第二節　研究目的5
第二章　文獻探討6
第一節　電子病歷之定義與現況6
第二節　隨身碟電子病歷的定義與現況10
第三節　影響科技接受行為之因素與模式14
第四節　影響病患使用電子病歷之因素27
第三章　研究方法30
第一節 研究架構 30
第二節　研究假說 31
第三節　研究變項之操作型定義32
第四節　問卷設計 33
第五節 資料來源 34
第六節　統計分析方法36
第四章　研究結果38
第一節 樣本基本資料分析38
第二節 比較有無申請隨身碟電子病歷病患之差異41
第三節 病患特質與影響使用隨身碟電子病歷因素之差異分析42
第四節 影響病患申請隨身碟電子病歷之相關分析43
第五節 影響隨身碟電子病歷使用意願與行為之羅吉斯迴歸分析44
第五章 討論55
第一節　研究假說驗證55
第二節　病患背景差異對隨身碟電子病歷使用意願與行為之影響57
第三節　影響隨身碟電子病歷使用意願與行為之相關因素60
第四節　隨身碟電子病歷申請行為與費用之關係64
第五節　病患沒有申請隨身碟電子病歷之因素65
第六節　研究限制67
第六章　結論與建議 68
第一節　結論68
第二節　建議70
參考文獻 71
中文部份 71
英文部分 74

表目次
表1各國電子病歷發展現況2
表2-1科技接受之相關理論統整 21
表2-2相關科技接受之文獻統整 23
表3-1變項之操作型定義32
表3-2問卷量表之信度分析33
表4-1 病患特質變項次數分配表46
表4-2 申請隨身碟電子病歷病患之變項次數分配表47
表4-3 無申請隨身碟電子病歷病患之變項次數分配表48
表4-4 使用意願與就醫經驗之變項次數分配與卡方檢定49
表4-5有無申請使用隨身碟電子病歷之獨立樣本t檢定50
表4-6病患特質與研究構面之ANOVA檢定51
表4-7變項構面間之相關分析52
表4-8影響病患對隨身碟電子病歷使用意願之羅吉斯迴歸分析53
表4-9影響病患對隨身碟電子病歷申請行為之羅吉斯迴歸分析54
表5-1 假說驗證結果56
表5-2隨身碟電子病歷申請行為與費用之卡方檢定64
表5-3 無申請隨身碟電子病歷原因與未來使用意願之分析66

圖目次
圖2-1電子病歷發展階段8
圖2-2隨身碟電子病歷（TMT）交換途徑13
圖2-3理性行為理論18
圖2-4科技接受模式18
圖2-5計畫行為理論20
圖3-1研究架構30
圖3-2隨身碟電子病歷申請作業流程35

附錄目次
附件一 內容效度之專家名單80
附件二 內容效度審查結果彙整 81
附件三 調查問卷84

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