臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

全球通訊技術的成熟、以及網際網路持續成長的因素影響，通訊產業成為下一波產品的主流。零組件為系統產品基礎，台灣零組件產業實力強大，成為國際上重要供應商。採購部門必需隨時透過供應商發展新產品，以應付產業變化及顧客的需求，若能透過適當的方法評選適合的供應商成為採購部門迫切的需求。

品質機能展開是用來將顧客需求轉換為技術需求的一種工具。本研究之主要目的是應用品質機能展來決定供應商之評選指標。在此研究中，我們將供應商評選指標視為滿足公司內部需求的技術特性。首先，我們以層級分析法來研究公司內部需求之相對重要性，接著使用分析網路程序法來研究公司內部需求和評選指標間所構成之關係矩陣及評選指標間之關係。

本研究是以石英晶體產業之上蓋供應商來驗證所提出之程序的有效性。公司內部需求的相對權重是以專家問卷的方式進行。我們根據相關文獻資料及產業專家訪談，列出可行之評選指標，透過本研究所提出之方法將供應商評選指標分成為服務構面、一致性構面、關係構面與彈性構面四個構面及 17 項準則。比較結果顯示，透過本研究所提出之程序所獲得之評選指標和相對權重，可充分反應供應商日後之實際績效表現。

Since global communication technology and the Internet are getting matured, communication network has become the mainstream of next product trend without any doubts. As electronic components are the fundamental elements of each system unit, Taiwan suppliers have played an important role in the worldwide market. In order to meet quick industrial change and customer needs, it is imperative for the procurement to create an assessment system through proper method for supplier management.

Quality function deployment (QFD) offers a structured approach for translating customer needs into technical characteristics. This research applies QFD and multi-criteria decision-making techniques to determine the assessment criteria and the weighting scheme. In this study, the assessment criteria are regarded as technical characteristics to fulfill the company requirements. Firstly, we present a methodology to prioritize the customer requirements through pair-wise comparison using analytical hierarchal process (AHP). The relation between company requirements and assessment criteria are modeled by a relationship matrix and evaluated using analytic network process (ANP). The relation between assessment criteria is also evaluated by ANP approach.

The proposed approach was demonstrated and validated with lid suppliers of crystal component industry. We initially determined the relative importance of the company requirements by questionnaire of experts. We constructed an initial list of assessment criteria by literature review and interviewing several experienced experts. This research has identified 17 important criteria for supplier selection. The results of this case study show that the supplier selection process based on our proposed criteria and weighting scheme can reflect the true performances of suppliers.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 X

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究範圍與限制 4
1.4 研究方法與步驟 4

第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1 供應鏈管理 6
2.2 供應商評估指標 7
2.3 供應商評估方法 10
2.4 分析網路程序法相關研究 13
2.5 品質機能展開相關研究 17
2.6 綠色產品法令規定 20
2.7 石英晶體產業與 Lid 材料運用介紹 22
2.7.1 石英晶體產業介紹 22
2.7.2 Lid材料在石英晶體的結構及重要性 24

第三章 研究方法 25
3.1 研究架構 25
3.2 品質機能展開 26
3.3 分析網路程序法 27
3.4 品質機能展開結合分析網路程序法應用於供應商評選 34

第四章 實例分析 36
4.1 個案公司簡介 36
4.2 問卷設計 37
4.2.1 第一階段問卷－評選指標之篩選 37
4.2.2 第二階段問卷－供應商評選模式之建立 43
4.3 供應商評選決策分析 45
4.3.1 決策問題系統之建構 45
4.3.2 Super Decisions 軟體簡介 48
4.3.3 問卷統計 48
4.3.4 專家意見整合 49
4.3.5 計算極限化超級矩陣 51
4.3.6 評選最佳供應商 56
4.3.7 ANP 與 AHP 評選指標權重比較 58
4.4 供應商驗證分析 60

第五章 結論與建議 62
5.1 研究結論 62
5.2 後續研究與建議 64

參考文獻 65
附錄一 前測問卷 (一) 72
附錄二 前測問卷 (二) 75
附錄三 專家問卷 77

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二、網路部分

1.永續發展資訊網，http://portal.nccp.org.tw/，December 2004
2.計畫網站，http://www.superdecisions.com/
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