本論文旨在藉由無線傳輸技術結合感測器對家電作智慧型控制，將室內環境資訊(溫度、濕度和風速)透過ZigBee傳輸至PC端上，以 Visual Basic .NET 2008軟體作為環境開發界面，將其接收到之各項數據代入以類小腦模型控制器(Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller, CMAC)為基礎的熱舒適度指標(Predicted Mean Vote, PMV)，求得熱舒適度指標後再導入模糊控制器提供空調系統做適當設定，藉此達到有效節能又能維持舒適的生活環境。最後透過無線區域網路(Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN)連線，將PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，個人數位助理)與PC端互相通訊，實現遠端隨時掌握環境資訊以及對空調系統作控制，成為一個可攜式的智慧型裝置。

The purpose of this thesis is mainly in design and implementation of the intelligent control for household appliances by combined transceiver technique of wireless sensor network. Firstly, the environment information of indoor include temperature, humidity and wind velocity are acquired and transmit to PC by means of the ZigBee wireless communication. Then, we substitute these data into previous proposed CMAC PMV (Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller Predicted Mean Vote) to obtain a thermal comfort index through the Visual Studio 2008 software interface. Next, the fuzzy controller designed to tune the suitable indoor thermal comfort level that is to fulfill the requirement of comfortable and save energy. Finally, we communicate information between PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) with PC based on the WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) technique. Moreover, the PDA is implemented as a portable remote control device to control the air condition and to monitor the indoor environment in this thesis.

中文摘要...................................................I
英文摘要..................................................II
目錄.....................................................III
圖目錄...................................................VII
表目錄...................................................XII
第一章 緒論
1.1 背景與文獻探討..........................................1
1.2 研究動機與目的..........................................3
1.3 系統架構...............................................3
1.4論文架構................................................5
第二章 熱舒適度指標
2.1 熱舒適度介紹............................................6
2.2 人體熱平衡..............................................6
2.3 熱舒適度指標............................................7
2.3.1 人體活動量........................................7
2.3.2人體衣著量.........................................8
2.3.3環境氣溫...........................................8
2.3.4相對溼度...........................................9
2.3.5風速..............................................9
2.3.6平均輻射溫度.......................................9
2.4 不滿意指標.............................................11
2.5 國際標準組織...........................................13
2.6 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55標準...........................14
第三章 類小腦模型控制器為基礎之熱舒適度指標
3.1 類神經網路介紹......................................15
3.2小腦模型控制器簡介.......................................15
3.3一維小腦模型控制器.......................................19
3.4 類小腦模型控制器為基礎的熱舒適度指標......................21
3.5 範例說明...............................................24
3.6 CMAC PMV 分類能力實驗..................................28
3.7 CMAC PMV 數值實驗......................................32
第四章 無線感測網路
4.1 ZigBee簡介............................................36
4.2 ZigBee特性............................................36
4.3 ZigBee協定架構.........................................38
4.4 ZigBee裝置............................................39
4.5 ZigBee網路拓撲.........................................40
4.6 ZigBee網路建立.........................................42
4.7 ZigBee應用............................................45
4.8 ZigBee與其他近距離無線技術介紹與比較.....................47
第五章 硬體架構與系統設計
5.1 硬體架構...............................................50
5.1.1 FT6200模組......................................50
5.1.2 風速計..........................................53
5.1.3 紅外線發射編碼晶片HT622X..........................54
5.1.4 繼電器..........................................60
5.1.5 PDA規格.........................................62
5.2 系統設計...............................................63
5.2.1 PC端接收感測數據之介面設計.........................64
5.2.2空調系統自動控制設計...............................68
5.2.3模糊控制器設計....................................72
5.2.4 PDA與PC端連線設計................................80
第六章 實驗結果
6.1 參數模擬設計...........................................87
6.2 實際環境測試...........................................95
6.3 情境模式...............................................97
6.4 PDA監控...............................................99
第七章 結論與未來發展
7.1 結論.................................................103
7.2 未來發展..............................................103
參考文獻..................................................105
圖 目 錄
圖1.1:　整體系統概念.........................................4
圖1.2:　CMAC PMV系統架構....................................4
圖2.1:　PMV值計算流程圖.....................................11
圖2.2:　PMV與PPD之關係.....................................13
圖3.1:　典型CMAC架構.......................................16
圖3.2:　CMAC記憶體映射圖....................................17
圖3.3:　CMAC流程圖.........................................18
圖3.4:　一維CMAC基本架構....................................19
圖3.5: 記憶體位置之對照....................................20
圖3.6: CMAC PMV求值模型...................................21
圖3.7: 量化模式...........................................22
圖3.8: 激發記憶體位置編碼..................................23
圖3.9: 量化和編碼過程......................................27
圖3.10: 記憶體位址與相應的權值..............................28
圖3.11: 記憶體層結構......................................33
圖3.12: 權值修正機制......................................33
圖4.1: ZigBee堆疊........................................39
圖4.2: ZigBee各個裝置之角色說明............................40
圖4¬.3: 星狀拓撲..........................................41
圖4.4: 樹狀拓撲...........................................41
圖4.5: 網狀拓撲...........................................42
圖4.6: ZigBee網路建立過程之步驟............................42
圖4.7: Coordinator至End Device之傳送資料[25]..............45
圖5.1: 硬體架構圖.........................................50
圖5.2: ZigBee模組FT-6250.................................51
圖5.3: ZigBee模組FT-6251(附有溫濕度感測器..................51
圖5.4: I/O擴充槽.........................................52
圖5.5: 風速計型號：8585...................................53
圖5.6: HT6221與HT6222腳位圖...............................54
圖5.7: HT622X系列之內部功能結構圖..........................55
圖5.8: 0與1邏輯狀態時序圖..................................55
圖5.9: HT622X之外部開關電路................................56
圖5.10: ROM1與ROM2和外部開關之對應關係圖....................56
圖5.11: DOUT傳輸碼之格式與定義.............................59
圖5.12: DOUT產生具有載子的傳輸碼...........................59
圖5.13: HT6221之電路圖[26]................................60
圖5.14: 繼電器型號842-1 C-C...............................61
圖5.15: iPAQ 212.........................................62
圖5.16: 系統設計架構......................................63
圖5.17: 步驟流程..........................................64
圖5.18: FT-6251回傳數據到PC之示意圖........................64
圖5.19: ZigBee網路建構與傳送數據到PC端之流程................65
圖5.20: PC端接收介面......................................67
圖5.21: 紅外線發射裝置之電路設計圖..........................69
圖5.22: 紅外線發射裝置之電路板..............................69
圖5.23: HT6221按鍵規格表..................................70
圖5.24: 繼電器工作原理圖...................................70
圖5.25: 電晶體推動繼電器之接法..............................71
圖5.26: 模糊系統結構......................................73
圖5.27: Matlab軟體FIS編輯器...............................74
圖5.28: 面積之重心在Y軸上之投影位置........................74
圖5.29: 室內溫度之歸屬函數.................................75
圖5.30: 室內外溫差之歸屬函數...............................75
圖5.31: 輸出歸屬函數......................................75
圖5.32: 模糊規則編輯器....................................76
圖5.33: 模糊輸出曲面圖....................................76
圖5.34: CMAC PMV結合模糊邏輯控制器.........................80

圖5.35: 冷氣遙控器之功能鍵.................................79
圖5.36: Socket原理示意圖..................................80
圖5.37: Socket之架構......................................81
圖5.38: Server端與Client端程式流程.........................82
圖5.39: 建立智慧型裝置專案.................................83
圖5.40: 選Windows Mobile 5.0 Pocket PC SDK為目標平台......83
圖5.41: 建立相關控制裝置和元件..............................84
圖5.42: 選擇部屬應用程式的位置..............................85
圖6.1: 第一種環境參數模擬..................................89
圖6.2: 第二種環境參數模擬..................................89
圖6.3: 第三種環境參數模擬..................................90
圖6.4: 第四種環境參數模擬..................................90
圖6.5: 第五種環境參數模擬..................................91
圖6.6: 第六種環境參數模擬..................................91
圖6.7: 第七種環境參數模擬..................................92
圖6.8: ZigBee模組結合紅外線發射裝置.........................93
圖6.9: 紅外線發射裝置控制冷氣示意圖.........................94
圖6.10: 風速計擺放位置....................................95
圖6.11: 感測器擺放位置....................................95
圖6.12: ZigBee協調器連結至主機端..........................96
圖6.13: PC端接收實際參數顯示之結果.........................96
圖6.14: 一般室內之熱舒適度指標…….........................97
圖6.15: 體育館之熱舒適度指標……….........................98
圖6.16: 圖書館之熱舒適度指標……….........................98
圖6.17: PC與PDA端連線流程................................99
圖6.18: PC端連線介面....................................100
圖6.19: PDA端連線介面...................................100
圖6.20: PC顯示連結成功...................................101
圖6.21: PDA接收到PC端之溫濕度值...........................101
圖6.22: 輸入open開啟冷氣.................................102
圖6.23: 輸入close關閉冷氣................................102


















表 目 錄

表2.1: 一般活動量參數.......................................8
表2.2: 常見衣著量..........................................9
表2.3: 熱負荷與PMV值的關係.................................10
表2.4: PMV數值所代表之涵義.................................10
表2.5: PMV與PPD關係表[3]..................................12
表2.6: ISO建議的環境參數[17]...............................13
表2.7: 夏冬兩季之衣著係數與最佳作業溫度[18]..................14
表3.1: 一維類小腦模型狀態與記憶體位址之對照..................20
表3.2: 舒適六大參數調整範圍之最小值與最大值..................24
表3.3: 各參數假設值.......................................24
表3.4: 量化值............................................25
表3.5: PMV數值分類........................................29
表3.6: CMAC分類實驗.......................................30
表3.7: CMAC分類實驗.......................................31
表3.8: CMAC PMV實驗數據...................................34
表3.9: CMAC PMV實驗數據...................................35
表4.1: ZigBee規格........................................38
表4.2: 三種無線傳輸技術之規格比較 (來源：經濟部技術處)........49
表5.1: I/O腳規格.........................................52
表5.2: 風速計之規格.......................................53
表5.3: HT622X接腳說明圖...................................54
表5.4: 64種按鍵資料碼之操作規則表...........................57
表5.5: 雙鍵資料碼之操作規則表...............................58
表5.6: 模糊規則表.........................................77
表5.7: 輸出結果與熱舒適度指標關係...........................77
表5.8: 輸出結果與對應相關功能按鍵….........................78
表6.1: 活動量與新陳代謝率之關係.............................87
表6.2: 季節與衣著量之關係..................................87
表6.3: 模擬七種環境參數與輸出結果...........................93

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