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Cough and panting are common pediatric clinical diseases, this study aimed to explore the characteristics of the ancient physicians about their medication, academic thoughts, inherited background, and the climate features of their times. Then, the trends in the frequency of the medicinal properties “Qi” (warmth, neutral, coolness), “flavors” (sourness, bitterness, sweetness, pungency, saltiness) and numbers were compared chronologically. Simultaneously, “the transition of the climate in the China history” was taken into account to investigate its effects on the medication for adults and children. Literatures about cough and panting medicinals in 21 pediatric-specific books or general medical books were analyzed, and the trends in the frequency of the qi, flavors and numbers are: (1) Qi: the “warmth” decreased while “the neutral” and “coolness” increased, and the ratio of “warmth/coolness” lowered with time were found in both kind of analyzed books.(2) Flavors: the proportion of the “sourness” and “bitterness” were both the lowest. With time change, the application of the “bitterness” increased, the “sourness” only increased slightly, the “pungency” decreased, while there was no obvious change in the “saltiness” and “sweetness”.(3) Numbers: in pediatric-specific books, the number of medicinals increased with time while it decreased in the general medical books. When these 2 kinds of books were analyzed together, the medicinal numbers showed an elevated trend. (4) in the treatment of pediatric cough and panting, not only the transition of climate in China history had certain degree impact on the sect formation, but "the constitution of children" also played an important role in the trend of medication. Conclusions: Besides geographic location and environmental climate with time, the constitution of the children also affects the medication for pediatric cough and panting obviously.
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