摘要
本研究利用蒐集國內50筆於排水土層之預鑽孔植入式PC樁軸向壓載重試驗資料，以工程界常用且具代表性的詮釋法為評估基準，進行軸向壓載詮釋法評估，討論各種詮釋法之相互關係及優劣性。再經由詮釋之量測結果分別與理論承載力預測值及規範建議值進行比較，以驗證各分析公式及規範之合理性。
在詮釋法方面，首先利用內差法可推估L1大約發生在0.53%B (B為樁徑)及平均位移量為3.4 mm，這顯示初始線性段發生在相當小之位移處。而各詮釋法與L2之平均比值為介於0.78~1.28之間，平均位移量大約是落在15~47 mm之間，Chin 法為大於64.6 mm。依平均比值及位移量觀察，各詮釋法以Chin法為最大值，DIN 4026法為最小值，Hirany and Kulhawy (L2)法屬於中間合理的範圍。
於承載力部份，量測底承力介於0.15~0.18倍預估底承力之間。而量測摩擦力介於1.39~1.60倍預估摩擦力之間，經由回饋及統計分析，建議k/ko值應採用1.65 較適合，此值明顯大於一般場鑄樁基礎之建議範圍。另觀察摩擦力與底承力隨樁深及長徑比的變化，量測摩擦力與預估摩擦力之比值有隨著樁深及長徑比的增加而減少的趨勢，但量測底承力與預估底承力之比值較無明顯的關係。
各國相關規範分析之部份，運用SPT-N經驗公式進行推估，以日本建築基礎構造設計指針較符合量測值。依本研究之統計及回歸分析植入式PC樁之經驗公式，單位面積之摩擦力建議為fs =(0.4±0.03) N (t/m2)，而單位面積之底承力建議為qb =(10±0.14 )N (t/m2)。

ABSTRACT
This study collected 50 load tests for pre-bored P.C. piles in drained soils to evaluate the axial compression behavior. The evaluation includes interpretation criteria, side resistance, and tip resistance. First, representative interpretation criteria were applied to these load test data to observe their relative merits and interrelationships. Then, the interpretation results were used to examine the analytical models of side resistance and tip resistance.
For interpretation criteria, L1 occurs at about 0.53%B (B = shaft diameter) with mean displacement of 3.4 mm. The results indicate that the initial linear region is in a very small displacement. The ratios of representative interpretation criteria, all compared to L2, range from 0.78 to 1.28. The displacements of these criteria locate at between 15 and 47 mm, and the Chin method is greater than 64.6 mm. Among these criteria, the Chin method is upper bound, DIN 4026 method is lower bound, and Hirany and Kulhawy (L2) method is in the reasonable middle range.
For axial capacity, the mean ratio of measure tip resistance to predicted tip resistance is between 0.15 and 0.18, while the mean ratio of measured side resistance to predicted side resistance is about 1.39-1.60. Based on the back-calculation from these load tests, the suggested K/Ko is 1.65 for pre-bored P.C. piles, which is much greater than the suggested values in drilled shafts. In addition, the ratio of measured/predicted side resistance is convergent to 1.0 when the shaft length increases.
Finally, the measured results also compare with related codes using the SPT-N empirical formula. It is found that the "Architectural Institute of Japan Recommendations for Design of Building Foundation" is closer to the measured results. Based on these analyses, the suggested unit side resistance and unit tip resistance are (0.4 ± 0.03) N (t/m2) and (10 ± 0.14) N (t/m2), respectively.

目 錄
摘要---------------------------------------------------------------I
ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------II
誌謝-------------------------------------------------------------III
目錄-------------------------------------------------------------IV
表目錄-----------------------------------------------------------VII
圖目錄------------------------------------------------------------IX
第一章 前言--------------------------------------------------------1
1-1植入PC樁基礎--------------------------------------------1
1-1-1植入PC樁材料--------------------------------------3
1-1-2植入PC樁構造--------------------------------------3
1-1-3預鑽孔植入式PC樁承載模式--------------------------6
1-2國內植入式基樁之研究文獻回顧----------------------------7
1-3研究動機與目的------------------------------------------8
1-4研究方法------------------------------------------------9
1-5研究內容-----------------------------------------------10
第二章 樁基礎壓載行為-------------------------------------------11
2-1軸向壓載詮釋法-----------------------------------------11
2-1-1常用詮釋法----------------------------------------12
2-1-2試樁曲線推估--------------------------------------18
2-2植入PC樁之軸向承載力分析------------------------------19
2-2-1樁底承載力分析------------------------------------20
2-2-2樁身摩擦力分析------------------------------------23
2-2-3地工參數評估--------------------------------------25
第三章 軸向壓載詮釋法分析-----------------------------------------28
3-1壓載試樁資料-------------------------------------------28
3-2軸向壓載詮釋法分析-------------------------------------33
3-3軸向壓載詮釋法結論與建議-------------------------------47
第四章 軸向壓載承載力分析-----------------------------------------49
4-1軸向壓載承載力分析與理論預估承載力分析比較-------------49
4-2軸向壓載承載力分析與深度及長徑比之關係-----------------58
4-3軸向壓載承載力分析結論與建議---------------------------61
第五章 各國相關規範之比較-----------------------------------------63
5-1各國相關規範之承載力-----------------------------------63
5-2各國相關規範分析結果-----------------------------------64
5-3各國相關規範比較與建議---------------------------------73
第六章 本研究之結論-----------------------------------------------74

參考文獻----------------------------------------------------------78
附錄一 DeBeer法詮釋結果------------------------------------------81
附錄二 Chin法詮釋結果--------------------------------------------99
附錄三 slope tangent法詮釋結果-----------------------------------117
附錄四 Davisson法詮釋結果---------------------------------------135
附錄五 Hirany and Kulhawy法詮釋結果------------------------------153
附錄六 Terzaghi and Peck法詮釋結果-------------------------------171
附錄七 DIN 4026法詮釋結果----------------------------------------189
附錄八 van der Veen法詮釋結果------------------------------------207

表目錄
表2-1基樁軸向壓載詮釋法之理論基礎及定義---------------------------12
表2-2各承載力因素修正值 ------------------------------------------21
表2-3場鑄樁K/K0與施工方式之關係-----------------------------------24
表2-4 δ/ψ與施工方式之關係----------------------------------------24
表2-5非黏聚性土層不同試驗法之有效摩擦角相互關係-------------------26
表2-6試驗N值推估 ----------------------------------------------26
表2-7典型排水土層Hyperbolic參數----------------------------------27
表3-1排水土層之壓載試樁基本資料與詮釋結果-------------------------30
表3-2植入PC樁壓載載重分析資料之範圍統計--------------------------32
表3-3壓載載重各詮釋法與L1-L2之比較--------------------------------35
表3-4壓載載重試驗各詮釋法比較之統計資料---------------------------37
表3-5壓載載重試驗各詮釋法與以往研究比較之統計資料-----------------38
表3-6壓載載重試驗各詮釋法之位移量---------------------------------40
表3-7壓載載重試驗各詮釋法位移量之統計資料-------------------------41
表3-8壓載載重試驗各詮釋法位移量與以往研究比較之統計資料-----------42
表3-9比較壓載載重試驗各詮釋法與QL2之回歸關係----------------------45
表4-1壓載試驗之預估底承力(Qtp) ------------------------------------51
表4-2依β法預估之樁身摩擦力(Qsp)----------------------------------53
表4-3預估之摩擦力及底承力與量測摩擦力及底承力之比較---------------55
表4-4預估之摩擦力及底承力與量測摩擦力及底承力之比較統計資料-------56
表5-1各國規範用N值推估砂土層中基樁承載力公式---------------------63
表5-2壓載案例量測承載力與各國規範所推估之承載力-------------------66
表5-3壓載案例量測承載力與各國規範所推估之承載力之比值-------------69
表5-4壓載案例量測承載力與各國規範所推估之承載力之比值統計資料-----71

圖目錄
圖1-1植入式基樁之分類及施工方式------------------------------------2
圖1-2外掘工法植入式基樁之施作程序示意圖----------------------------3
圖1-3 PC樁樁尖構造圖-----------------------------------------------4
圖1-4 PC樁焊接接樁構造圖-------------------------------------------5
圖1-5 PC樁樁身構造圖-----------------------------------------------5
圖1-6植入式基樁承載模式--------------------------------------------6
圖1-7本研究方法流程圖----------------------------------------------9
圖2-1典型之載重-位移曲線關係圖------------------------------------11
圖2-2 Fuller and Hoy法示意圖--------------------------------------14
圖2-3 DeBeer法示意圖----------------------------------------------14
圖2-4 Terzaghi and Peck法示意圖------------------------------------15
圖2-5 DIN 4026法示意圖--------------------------------------------15
圖2-6 van der Veen法示意圖----------------------------------------16
圖2-7 Chin法示意圖------------------------------------------------16
圖2-8 Hirany and Kulhawy法示意圖----------------------------------17
圖2-9 Davisson法示意圖--------------------------------------------17
圖2-10 slope tangent法示意圖--------------------------------------18
圖2-11 Hyperbolic推估法示意圖-------------------------------------19
圖2-12場鑄樁受軸向壓力之力量平衡圖-------------------------------19
圖2-13樁承載力因素與ψ之關係-------------------------------------20
圖2-14 現場之土壤反應所對應之試驗方法-----------------------------25
圖3-1壓載試驗之平均載重--位移曲線--------------------------------44
圖3-2本研究與以往研究壓載試驗之平均載重--位移曲線----------------44
圖3-3排水土層壓載試驗詮釋結果比較--------------------------------45
圖3-4 0.5QL2於壓載試驗之平均載重--位移曲線之位移量----------------46
圖4-1預估底承力與量測底承力比較迴歸分析圖------------------------57
圖4-2預估摩擦力與量測承載力比較迴歸分析圖------------------------57
圖4-3量測摩擦力/預測摩擦力與樁深度分析圖-------------------------59
圖4-4量測摩擦力/預測摩擦力與長徑比分析圖-------------------------59
圖4-5量測底承力/預測底承力與樁深度分析圖-------------------------60
圖4-6量測底承力/預測底承力與長徑比分析圖-------------------------60
圖5-1量測底承力與日本建築基礎設計指針推估底承力分析圖------------72
圖5-1量測摩擦力與日本建築基礎設計指針推估摩擦力分析圖------------72

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