臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來車輛舒適性已是市場趨勢，因此愈來愈多的電裝設備都列為標準配備，面對這麼多設備安裝在有限的車輛空間上，除了裝置間彼此的電磁干擾不容小覷，甚至外界電磁環境的輻射位準可能會造成汽車電子元件的誤動作，加上電磁相容法規已是各界的共識。
本論文主要是針對一般小客車與商用車輛(不論驅動系統是火星點燃之內燃機引擎、柴油引擎、或是電動馬達)的電子零組件，在由電力輸配電線、發電廠、以及如馬達等大功率電機裝置所產生的磁場環境下，對於電磁免疫力的試驗設置研究，而為了執行此項測試，待測裝置必須暴露在規定的擾動磁場之中；因此，如何製作一套符合法規要求又可以加速產品研發腳步的低頻輻射磁場免疫力量測系統，正是目前業界針對低頻電力系統所產生的磁場干擾效應影響所需求的設備。
本論文所研究之Helmholtz Coils(霍姆赫茲線圈)能夠在兩線圈之間產生非常均勻的低頻磁場，其所產生的磁場可用於磁場免疫力試驗系統或低頻的校正應用。磁場強度的激發與線圈的迴圈數目及施加的電流大小成正比關係，線圈係以並聯方式纏繞，以使得在其中一個線圈上流動電流所產生的磁場可以和另一個線圈所產生的磁場有彼此加總的效應。設計出低頻磁場發射裝置並與系統的配置相連接，分析其特性和量測不確定度之分析。

Making driving environment comfortable is the trend in the automobile industry. In view of this development, many electronic equipment such as navigation system, entertainment center, and anti-theft surveillance system etc. have become standard installation for the new cars. The close proximity of these electronic devices inside a compact enclosure such as a car will inevitably cause electromagnetic interferences (EMI) between adjacent devices. Furthermore, the EMI level from outside environment may also disrupt the normal operation of the electronic devices inside the vehicle and sometime causes failure or error of the equipment. Therefore it is importance that all operating electronic devices should conform to the accepted EMC regulations so that the EMI problem can be avoided.
In this thesis, we focus on the tests for the electromagnetic immunity of electronic components for passenger cars and commercial vehicles. The scope of the test encompasses the propulsion system which may be driven by spark-ignition engine, diesel engine, or electric motor, and the magnetic fields generated by power transmission lines and generating stations from some powerful electrical equipment, such as power motors. To perform this test, the device under test (DUT) is exposed to a magnetic disturbance field. This research project is aimed at developing an easy but also precise low-frequency magnetic field generation system for analysis of automobile electronics against magnetic field effect resulted from power systems.
The EMC test utilizes Helmholtz Coils set up to generate an extremely uniform low frequency magnetic field in between the coils. The generated field can be applied as a magnetic field immunity test system or a low frequency calibrator. The strength of the magnetic field generated is directly proportional to the number of turns in the coils and the current applied to them. The coils were wound in series so that the magnetic field produced by current flowing in one coil aids the field in the other coil. The field characteristics and measurement uncertainty of the low-frequency magnetic field emission device were tested and analyzed.

摘要 ………………………………………………………………i
Abstract …………………………………………………………ii
致謝 ………………………………………………………………iv
目錄 ………………………………………………………………v
圖目錄……………………………………………………………vii
表目錄 ………………………………………………………….xii
第一章、緒論
1.1前言 …………………………………………………………1
1.2研究動機…………………………………………………….3
1.3低頻磁場發射裝置之系統簡介 ……………………………4
1.4低頻磁場發射裝置之標準法規…………………………….6
1.5章節概述 ………………………………………………….11
第二章、低頻磁場發射裝置理論及設計
2.1概述 ……………………………………………………….12
2.2Helmholtz coil之理論分析………………………………15
2.3Helmholtz coil之設計模擬………………………………27
第三章、低頻磁場發射裝置系統製作分析
3.1Helmholtz coil系統試作………………………………..39
3.2Helmholtz coil 系統設計草圖………………………….45
3.3Helmholtz coil 設計規格……………………………….51
第四章、低頻磁場發射裝置特性查驗分析
4.1特性查驗程序………………………………………………56
4.2Helmholtz coil 之場強均勻度與共振頻率點………….66
4.3兩組 Helmholtz coil 之比較……………………………71
第五章、Helmholtz coil 之量測不確定度分析
5.1不確定度的因素之分類……………………………………76
5.2量測不確定度估算作業程序………………………………80
5.3組合不確定度………………………………………………88
第六章、結論………………………………………………….93
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………95

[1] ISO 11452-8：Road vehicles - Component test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy - Part 8: Immunity to magnetic fields. (First edition, 2007-07-01)
[2] MIL-STD 461E：Department of defense interface standard- requirement for the control of electromagnetic interference characteristics of subsystems and equipment - 5.18 RS101, radiated susceptibility, magnetic field, 30 Hz to 100 kHz. pp.108-118 (20 AUGUST 1999)
[3] David K.Cheng,”Field and Wave Electromagnetics”, Ed. 1992, Chap-6
[4] JASO D001-94：汽車規格汽車專用電子器材之環境實驗方法通則- 5.10 放射電磁實驗。
[5] Helmholtz Coil manual：6402M, ETS-lindgren EMC test systems (december 2001)
[6] Graziano Cerri,Roberto De Leo,Valter Mariani Primiani,”Wide-Band Characterization of Current Probes.”IEEE Trans.EMC,vol45, NO.4,November 2003.
[7] STUART M. WENTWORTH,“Fundamentals of Electromagnetics with Engineering Applications”2005,Chap-9
[8] TTC-C-LB05：量測不確定度估算作業程序通則-作業內容，財團法人電信技術中心。