本研究先將經酸化處理過的奈米碳管(carbon nanotube, CNT)分散於異丙醇溶液形成均勻的懸浮液，以電泳沉積的方式將奈米碳管附著在不鏽鋼片上，製備成多孔奈米碳管電極。將奈米碳管電極先含浸於含有界面活性劑的硫酸鎳溶液(0.05 M)後再含浸到氫氧化鈉溶液(0.05 M)中以沉積氫氧化鎳，經300oC鍛燒後可形成NiO/CNT複合式電極，並探討界面活性劑的種類及濃度對於NiO/CNT複合式電極的電容效應。
由掃描式電子顯微鏡(scanning electron microscope, SEM)的觀察可以發現，無論是否有界面活性劑的存在，大多數的氧化鎳奈米顆粒皆附著在多孔奈米碳管電極材料表面，由X光繞射儀(X-ray diffraction, XRD)分析結果顯示，添加界面活性劑所製備出來的NiO/CNT複合式電極，並不會影響氧化鎳的結晶構造，皆屬於立方晶系的氧化鎳。
經過電化學分析測定結果顯示，含浸於含有20 mM CTAB (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide)的硫酸鎳溶液所製備出的NiO/CNT複合式電極的電容值高於其它界面活性劑所製備的NiO/CNT複合式電極，此電極也具有穩定的電容特性，由循環壽命測試所測得之最大電容量為432 F/g，經過6000次的充放電後，其電容量仍可維持295 F/g的電容量，電容保存率為68.6 %。

The acid-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were dispersed in isopropanol solution to form homogeneous CNT suspension. The porous CNT film was coated onto the stainless steel substrate by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) in a CNT suspension. The porous CNT electrodes were chemically coated with nickel hydroxide nanoparticles using nickel sulfate solution containing surfactant via a coprecipitation method. The CNT film electrode prepared by EDP was dipped in a solution of 0.05 M nickel sulfate, and then the soaked film electrode was immersed in 0.05 M NaOH solution; finally, the film electrode was rinsed in de-ionized water. These steps were repeated several times to obtain the required amount of nickel hydroxide on the CNT film. After coating, all film electrodes were rinsed several times in de-ionized water and dried at 300oC for 3 h in air to from NiO/CNT composite electrodes. The effects of surfactant on the capacitive behavior of composite electrodes were investigated.
SEM (scanning electron microscope) photographs reveal that the nickel oxide nanoparticles were coated on the CNT film, regardless of the surfactant used during the preparation. XRD (X-ray diffraction) patterns reflect that the effect of surfactant on the crystal structure of composite electrode can be negligible; all deposited nickel oxides are cubic nickel oxide.
Electrochemical investigations on a number of NiO/CNT composites indicate that a composite prepared by a nickel sulfate solution containing 20 mM CTAB (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide) exhibits high specific capacitance and high cycle-life stability compared with other composite electrodes. This composite electrode has an initial capacitance of 432 F/g, which decreases to 295 F/g (about 68.6 % of the initial capacitance) after 6000 galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 III
總目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XIV
第一章 緒 論 1
1-1 前 言 1
1-2 電泳沉積法(electrophoretic deposition, EPD) 3
1-3 含浸法 (dip coating moethod) 9
1-4 Ni(OH)2 / NiO之物理性質 11
1-5 Ni(OH)2 / NiO之電化學性質 15
1-6 研就動機 20
第二章 實驗方法與步驟 21
2-1 不銹鋼（Stainless steel）基材前處理 23
2-2 多孔性奈米碳管基材電極之製備 25
2-2-1 奈米碳管酸化之表面處理 25
2-2-2 奈米碳管懸浮液之配製 27
2-2-3 多孔性奈米碳管基材電極之製備 29
2-3 NiO / CNT複合式電極之製備 33
2-3-1 不同濃度的NiSO4與NaOH之溶液的配製 33
2-3-2 不同濃度的NiSO4與NaOH之溶液的配製 34
2-3-3 製備不同種類及不同濃度的界面活性劑溶液 36
2-3-4 NiO / CNT電極之製備 36
2-4 電化學特性分析 38
2-5 實驗儀器與藥品 40
2-5-1 實驗儀器 40
2-5-2 實驗藥品 42
第三章 結果與討論 45
3-1 奈米碳管之接觸角量測(Contact angle) 46
3-2 NiO/CNT複合式電極之物理與電化學特性之探討 48
3-2-1 未添加界面活性劑所製備的NiO/CNT複合式電極之物理特性探討 49
3-2-2 未添加界面活性劑所製備的NiO/CNT複合式電極之電化學特性探討 57
3-2-3 添加界面活性劑所製備的NiO/CNT複合式電極之物理化學特性探討 68
3-2-4 添加界面活性劑所製備的NiO/CNT複合式電極之電化學特性探討 79
第四章 結論 98
參考資料 99

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