臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
隨著近一、二十幾年經濟環境的改變，促使社會的勞動力結構發生變化，結婚女性紛紛投入勞動力市場，這種就業浪潮已造成社會產業結構的大變革，，也使工作與家庭間生態關係起了變化，台灣是一個很重視工作的國家，研究指出相較於西方國家臺灣人更容易有工作壓力且家庭觀念在於中國人的社會當中是一項很重要的倫理觀念，在這樣工作與家庭兩大壓力的拉扯下，常導致個人身心交瘁、工作家庭衝突產生、生活品質下降。本研究將探討在工作要求、家庭要求等壓力下對工作家庭衝突的雙向影響，及所帶來的負面結果。

在工作層面上，基於JDC模式對工作家庭衝突的重要性，本研究將探討工作要求對工作家庭衝突的影響；在家庭層面上，本研究以家庭要求做為家庭變項探討家庭要求對家庭工作衝突的影響。而隨著資訊科技的便利性讓人不管在哪裡都可以便於溝通，也利於彈性的工作安排，所以有越來越多人可以在家裡完成工作，這樣的結果使得工作與家庭間的疆界不那麼僵固，Ilies（2009）學者的一篇研究中提到，具有工作家庭角色整合概念的人能夠在工作與家庭兩個領域間輕鬆的做整合，降低工作家庭衝突，因此本研究加入工作家庭角色整合做為工作要求與工作家庭衝突之干擾變項對本研究模式之影響。

本研究以壽險從業人員為母體，採立意抽樣方式發放問卷，共發放30家分行，實際涵蓋13家壽險公司，共發出400份問卷，扣除填答不完整之無效問卷，共計有效回收273份。本研究以驗證性因素分析檢視各量表工具品質；以簡單迴歸、多元迴歸與結構方程式驗證各假設。

研究結果顯示：1. 工作家庭衝突對工作要求與工作生活品質具有中介
效果2.工作家庭角色整合對工作要求與工作家庭衝突有干擾效果，亦即相
較於低工作家庭角色整合者，具有高工作家庭角色整合者會減緩工作求與
工作家庭衝突之關係。

本研究提出之管理意涵：建議管理者可以提升員工工作自主權以降低工作家庭衝突、或提供員工工作或家庭上的協尋服務並利用資訊科技促進工作家庭角色整合；最後提出本研究之研究建議與研究限制。

關鍵詞：工作要求、家庭要求、工作家庭衝突、家庭工作衝突、工作生活
品質、工作家庭角色整合

Taiwan is a country that pays attention to the work very much, research points out they have working pressure than western countries and the attachment to the family
life in the Chinese society is a very important ethics idea, with under family drag by two major pressure in work like this, lead to the fact mentally and physically
exhausted individual often, wok family conflict produce, the quality of the life drops.
This research will probe into the pressure of requiring work demand, family demand,work-family conflict to influence quality and negative results.
And the convenience with information science and technology lets people can be easy to communicate no matter there, benefit the elastic job arrangement too, so more and more people can finish the work at home, such a result makes the boundary among work and family not so stiff and firm, Ilies( 2009) One research mention, have role of work family integration can making work and family fields combining, reduce work family conflict, so research this join role of work family integration as work demand and work family conflict moderating.
This sample of the study is life insurance sales as the parent, adopt conception and sample in the way and release the questionnaire, releases 30 branches together,
contain 13 life insurance companies actually, send out 400 questionnaires together,deduct and fill out and answer the incomplete invalid questionnaire, there are 273 valid
questionnaires. This research looks over every scale tool quality for confirmatory factor analysis; used the methods of multiple regression, structural equation model to
test hypothesis.
The result of study reveals: 1. The work family conflict has intermediaries to the work demand and quality of work life . 2. The role of work family integration has
result of moderating with work demand and work family conflict, compare with low of work family role intrgration for person who is high of work family role integration
can slow down the negative results with relation of the work family conflict.
The management meaning that is: Advise the administrator can raise staff's autonomy of working in order to reduce the work family conflict, or offer the staff to work or the association on the family seek and serve and utilize information science and technology to promote the role of work family integration; Propose proposing and studying and limiting in research of this research finally.

中文摘要 I
Abstract Ⅱ
目錄 Ⅲ
表目次 Ⅵ
圖目次 Ⅶ
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究範圍 3
第四節 研究流程 4
第五節 名詞釋義 5
第二章 文獻探討 8
第一節 工作要求對工作生活品質之影響 8
第二節 家庭要求對工作生活品質之影響 9
第三節 工作要求對工作家庭衝突之影響 10
第四節 家庭要求對家庭工作衝突之影響 12
第五節 工作家庭衝突為工作要求對工作生活品質之中介變項 14
第六節 家庭工作衝突為家庭要求對工作生活品質之中介變項 15
第七節 工作家庭角色整合為工作要求對工作家庭衝突之干擾效果 17
第三章 研究方法 21
第一節 研究架構與假設 21
第二節 研究對象 23
第三節 研究工具 23
第四節 調查實施 26
第五節 資料分析 27
第四章 研究結果與討論 30
第一節 樣本描述 30
第二節 問卷之效度與信度 36
第三節 研究變項之皮爾森積差相關 41
第四節 工作家庭衝突中介工作要求與工作生活品質之關係 44
第五節 家庭工作衝突中介家庭要求與家庭工作要求之關係 46
第六節 工作家庭角色整合干擾工作要求與工作家庭衝突之關係 48
第七節 研究架構之結構方程模式分析 51
第八節 工作生活品質與員工績效之關係 52
第五章結論與建議 53
第一節 研究主要發現 53
第二節 研究結論 55
第三節 研究建議 59
第四節 研究限制 62
參考文獻 64

附錄 71
附錄-A員工問卷 72
附錄-B主管問卷 76
附錄-C問卷發放之公司 78


表目次
表3-1 員工問卷回收狀況 27
表3-2 主管問卷回收狀況 27
表4-1 受測者部屬樣本基本背景資料 30
表4-2 受測者主管樣本基本背景資料 33
表4-3 工作要求量表之因素分析 37
表4-4 家庭要求量表之因素分析 37
表4-5 工作家庭雙向衝突量表之因素分析 38
表4-6 工作家庭角色整合量表之因素分析 39
表4-7 工作生活品質量表之因素分析 39
表4-8 驗證性因素分析結果 40
表4-9 樣本之各量表信度分析結果 40
表4-10 研究變項之平均數、標準差及各變項之關係係數 43
表4-11 工作家庭衝突對工作要求與工作生活品質的中介效果 45
表4-12 家庭工作衝突對家庭要求與工作生活品質的中介效果 47
表4-13 工作家庭角色整合對工作要求與工作家庭衝突的干擾效果 49
表4-14 結構方程式模型指標 51
表4-15 工作生活品質與員工績效之主要效果 52

圖目次
圖2-1 角色分割與角色整合的連續關係 20
圖3-1 研究架構 22
圖4-1 工作家庭角色整合、工作要求對工作家庭衝突之交互作用 50
圖4-2 本架構的結構方程示意圖 51

中文部分

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