臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

埔里盆地位於台灣中部，因構造複雜且缺乏沉積物的絕對定年資料，各家學者對埔里盆地內部地形的演育過程有不同的看法。在埔里盆地西北側與西南側有紅土台地分布，本研究針對台地上的紅土進行分析，以土壤化育的觀點建立各台地的土壤時間序列，以此得知台地生成的相對順序，在絕對年代缺乏的情況下，本研究可提供階地對比的相對年代，解決前人的部份爭議。
本研究在埔里盆地的不同台地面上共採集七個土壤剖面，野外形態特徵與理化性質分析的結果顯示，採自大坪頂（PL-1a）、外大坪（PL-s1b）與蜈蜞坑（PL-s1c）的土壤樣體化育程度最高，生成的年代最老；次高者為水牆（PL-s1a）；再次者為赤崁（PL-2b）；再次者為水蛙窟（PL-2a）；最低者為愛蘭（PL-3a）。藉由土壤化育程度，本研究證實水蛙窟的生成年代介於赤崁與愛蘭之間，西北面階地形成的先後順序為大坪頂→赤崁→水蛙窟→愛蘭；西南面階地部分，外大坪與蜈蜞坑的土壤化育程度極為相似，顯示兩台地生成於相同年代，但兩者的高度明顯不同，推論是受到構造撓曲所致，而水牆的化育程度雖然較低，但此樣體採自斜坡，土壤化育易受側向淋洗影響，且水牆與外大坪、蜈蜞坑的地形連續，三者可對比為同一地形面，另一方面，外大坪的高度與大坪頂接近，WPDI值也相似，因此外大坪台地、蜈蜞坑台地、水牆台地可能與大坪頂台地在同時期生成。

Puli Basin is located in the middle of Taiwan. Because of complex structures and the lack of absolute time of sediments, each expert has different view points on topography evolution of Puli Basin. There are lateritic tablelands in the northwest and southwest of Puli Basin. This research focuses on the analysis of lateritic soils on the tablelands. This research sets up soil chronosequence of each tableland on the pedogenic aspect. Through it, we can know the relative order of each tableland. Though we don’t know absolute time, this research can provide relative dating of terrace correlation to solve the arguments of predecessors.
Seven soil pedons were sampled from different tablelands of Puli Basin. The result of soil morphologies and physicochemical properties shows: the pedogenic degree of the soil pedons from Dapingding (PL-la), Waidaping (PL-s1b) and Wujikeng (PL-s1c) are the oldest; the second one is from Shuiqiang (PL-s1a), the third one is from Chikan (PL-2b), the fourth one is from Shuiwaku ( PL-2a), and the last one is from Ailan (PL-3a). By pedogenic degree, the research proves that the age of PL-2a is between PL-2b and PL-3a. The forming sequence of northwest terrace is Dapingding → Chikan →Shuiwaku → Ailan. As for southwest terrace,the pedogenic degree of PL-s1b is similar to PL-s1c. It proves that the ages of the two tablelands are the same. But the heights of the two tablelands are obviously different. It suggests that was caused by warping. Though the pedogenic degree of PL-s1a is lower than PL-1a, PL-s1b and PL-s1c, the soil pedon is of high slope, its soil genesis would be easily affected by lateral leaching. Further more, the topography of Shuiqiang, Waidaping and Wujikeng is continuous, the three can correlate as the same terrace. Besides, the height of Waidaping is close to Dapingding, and its WPDI is similar, too. Therefore, this study is proposed that Shuiqiang tableland, Waidaping tableland, Wujikeng tableland are at the same age as Dapingding tableland.

目　　錄
目　　錄 i
圖　　次 ii
表　　次 iii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節　前人研究 5
第二章　研究區概述 13
第一節　自然環境 13
第三章　研究方法 17
第一節　土壤採樣與描述 17
第二節　土壤理化性質分析 18
第三節　土壤分類 21
第四節　土壤化育指數 22
第四章　研究成果 25
第一節　土壤樣體的形態特徵 25
第二節　土壤的物理性質 33
第三節　土壤的化學性質 41
第四節　土壤分類 49
第五節　土壤化育指數 53
第五章　討論 60
第一節　土壤時間序列 60
第二節　階地地形演育 63
第六章　結論 67
參考文獻 69
附錄 75


圖　　次
圖1-1 埔里盆地群數值地形圖 2
圖1-2 埔里盆地地質圖 3
圖2-1 埔里盆地主要地形面分布圖 15
圖2-2 埔里氣候圖 16
圖4-1 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體剖面照片 26
圖4-2 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤質地散佈三角圖 38
圖4-3 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體粒徑隨深度分布圖 39
圖4-4 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體坋粒/黏粒隨深度分布圖 40
圖4-5 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體總體密度隨深度分布圖 40
圖4-6 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體pH值和交換性鋁隨土壤深度分布圖 46
圖4-7 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體有機碳和游離鐵、鋁隨土壤深度分布圖 47
圖4-8 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體無定形鐵、鋁隨土壤深度分布圖 48
圖4-9 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體HI隨深度分布圖 59
圖5-1 埔里盆地西南面紅土台地地形剖面圖 64
圖5-2 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地下切過程示意圖 66

表　　次
表1-1 埔里盆地地形面對比比較表 7
表3-1 土壤化育指數之土壤形態量化方式 23
表4-1 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體之野外剖面形態描述 27
表4-2 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體之物理性質 35
表4-3 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤樣體之化學性質 43
表4-4 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤形態化育指數表 56
表5-1 埔里盆地周緣紅土台地土壤化育程度比較表 60

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