臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文之感測器主要是以布拉格光纖光柵(Fiber Bragg grating, FBG)為感測元件，當感測器受位移作用後，會使得FBG中心波長產生變化達到感測效果。本論文所設計之感測器以感測位移量為主要。因FBG易受到外在環境溫度的影響而產生感測值誤判，因此利用溫度無感之設計使得量測值更為正確，本論文達到溫度無感的方法為，將原本為單一週期的FBG經過特殊設計及封裝後，當受到位移作用，將使得原本為單一週期的FBG改變為漸變週期的FBG，而使光纖光柵反射訊號頻寬的改變，藉由量測頻寬來判讀感測數值，因頻寬的大小不受溫度影響，故可達到溫度無感效果。
本論文設計之位移感測器，經結構分析軟體及實驗驗證後，證實了此感測器設計是可行的，且感測性能優良，感測最大頻寬數值可達3.208nm，可感測位移量範圍為0 - 10.5mm，感測靈敏度為0.264nm/mm，感測性能與其他研究論文相比相當有競爭力，而在溫度無感測試實驗，以20℃ - 45℃範圍內之溫度，溫度無感效果較佳，溫度無感感測最大誤差值為0.045nm，最小誤差值為0.03nm，在感測應用上可應於橋樑及機器之狀況監測，且不需另外作溫度補償之設計，減少了感測器實際應用之成本。

In this paper, we use the sensor based on fiber Bragg grating as sensing element, it will make FBG center wavelength drift to reach sensing effect when the sensor affected by displacements. In this paper, the design of sensors is mainly to sense the displacement. FBG is easily to have misjudgements in sensor value due to the influence of the external environment temperature, so we designed temperature insensitive to make the measured value is more correct. The method of reaching temperature insensitive, the FBG with original single period has been designed and packaged specially and affected by displacement effect, the single period will become to gradient period. The change of the bandwidth with reflected by Fiber Grating, we can measure the bandwidth to determine the value of sensors, finally, it will take the purpose with temperature insensitive.
It is proved that the displacement sensor design in this research is feasible through analysis by structural analysis software and experiment, and sensing excellent with maximum bandwidth value of 3.208 nm and displacement of sensing range is 0-10.5 mm, the sensitivity of sensor is 0.264 nm/mm. The performance of sensor is better than other research. The better performance in temperature insensitive test is the range of temperature at 20℃-45℃, the maximum error value is 0.045 nm, minimum error value is 0.03 nm. It can be used in bridge and machine monitored, that don’t need to sense for temperature compensation also reduce the cost of sensor applications.

中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
符號說明 xii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究目的 1
1.2 研究背景 2
1.3 文獻回顧 3
第二章 光纖感測器系統及原理介紹 6
2.1 光纖簡介 6
2.2 光纖特性及應用 7
2.2.1 光纖原理及特性 7
2.2.2 光纖種類 13
2.2.3 光纖應用 16
2.3 布拉格光纖光柵介紹 20
2.3.1 布拉格光纖光柵簡介 20
2.3.2 布拉格光纖光柵感測原理及製作 22
2.3.3 布拉格光纖光柵應用 26
2.4 布拉格光纖光柵感測器溫度無感設計 27
第三章 感測器架構 37
3.1 感測器架構 37
3.1.1 感測器模型 38
3.1.2 感測器各組件介紹 40
3.1.3 感測器布拉格光纖光柵封裝方法 41
3.1.4 感測光路設計 44
3.2 感測器架構有限元素分析 46
3.2.1 有限元素分析軟體介紹 46
3.2.2 有限元素分析條件設定 47
3.2.3 有限元素分析結果判讀 52
第四章 實驗規劃與結果討論 58
4.1 元件儀器量測及校正 58
4.1.1 光纖元件傳輸訊號量測 59
4.1.2 布拉格光纖光柵特性量測 63
4.1.3 溫度無感實驗設計 65
4.2 實驗規劃與量測數值 67
4.2.1 長方形彈片設計感測器實驗測試結果 67
4.2.2 三角形彈片設計感測器實驗測試結果 73
4.2.3 實驗測試結果比較 77
4.3 實驗結果討論 79
第五章 結論 83
5.1 結論 83
5.2 未來展望 84
參考文獻 85
附錄一、中英文對照表 91
附錄二、感測器及實驗儀器實體圖 93
附錄三、實驗訊號波形圖 97

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