臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

有鑑於經濟全球化及國際化，現今的電影為了商業利益，總是加快全球的流通速度以拓展國際市場。而當一電影要進入另一不同語言的國家時，為了讓當地觀眾欣賞該部電影，必須配上字幕或配音以達到溝通的效果，而台灣正是以字幕為重的國家，因此字幕翻譯的研究是相當需要的。字幕的翻譯方法可能隨著電影類型而有所不同，研究者之所以選擇喜劇字幕作為研究題材，是因為翻譯幽默成分相當具有挑戰性，是一個值得深入研究的題材。
本研究的目的乃是找出適合電影字幕中幽默成分的翻譯方法。研究者以台灣與中國大陸發行的DVD字幕為研究題材，採用維努提（Venuti）提出的歸化（domestication）與異化（foreignization）翻譯方法為理論基礎，先挑出原英文字幕中的幽默成分，逐一檢視其翻譯方法、找出使用的翻譯策略，再以史密茲（Schmitz）的幽默文本分類法將之區分為文化幽默（cultural joke）、普遍性幽默（universal joke）與語言幽默（linguistic joke），並接著探討不同的翻譯策略在兩種版本的字幕中，能否有效地產生幽默成分。
研究結果發現，中國版的字幕偏好使用歸化，而台灣版的字幕則較常使用異化的翻譯方法。針對翻譯方法的成效而言，歸化法較異化法更能在字幕中產生文化幽默與語言幽默的效果，而兩種翻譯方法皆適合翻譯普遍性幽默，因為此種幽默較易為大多數的人所了解。整體看來，在翻譯喜劇片時，歸化法是較佳的翻譯方法。研究者認為，兩種版本的字幕在選擇翻譯方法有所差異，原因在於台灣與大陸不同的社會文化背景，影響譯者在翻譯字幕時選擇了不同的翻譯方法。

Due to economic globalization and internationalization, films, as a kind of commercial product, are required to increase the speed of film circulation and expand the international market. Hence, films are subtitled or dubbed so that they can be accepted by the target audience. In Taiwan, subtitles serve as a primary bridge between foreign films and the viewers, so it is essential to probe into this field. Among all genres of film, comedy is one of the most challenging to subtitle, and it is chosen as the research subject.
This research is intended to explore efficient translation methods in translating humor by comparing subtitles of DVD released in Taiwan and China. I adopt Venuti’s concept of domestication and foreignization as the theoretical basis in data analysis and Schmitz’s classification of jokes, namely cultural, universal and linguistic jokes to classify the data. Based on the humorous elements picked out in the three comedy films, I attempt to find out which translation method is used in the two versions of the subtitle and go deeper into what strategies are used in translating humor. Then the effect of humor in subtitle is examined in order to find out which translation method is more efficient in producing humor.
There are three findings in this study. First, in simplified-Chinese subtitles, the frequency of using domestication is higher than that of foreignization, which shows that domestication is favored. By contrast, foreingization are used more often in traditional-Chinese subtitles. That is, foreignization is favored in the subtitle of DVD released in Taiwan. Second, in translating cultural and linguistic jokes, domestication is a better translation method, because it is better able to reproduce humor in subtitles. However, both methods can be used to translate universal jokes, because this type of joke is easier to understand. Third, the selection of translation methods may be influenced by the social and cultural background in Taiwan and China.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
Acknowledgement iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Tables v
List of Figures vi
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND 1
1.2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 4
1.3 OUTLINE OF THE THESIS 5
Chapter 2 Literature Review 7
2.1 OVERVIEW OF SUBTITLE TRANSLATION 7
2.2 REVIEW OF SUBTITLE STUDIES 11
2.3 HUMOR AND SUBTITLING 19
2.4 DOMESTICATION AND FOREIGNIZATION 25
Chapter 3 Methodology 28
3.1 COLLECTION AND INTRODUCTION OF DATA 28
3.2 CATEGORIES FOR ANALYSIS 31
Chapter 4 Data Analysis 40
4.1 DOMESTICATION: ADAPTATION 40
4.2 DOMESTICATION: IDIOMATIC TRANSLATION 45
4.3 DOMESTICATION: COMMUNICATIVE TRANSLATION 51
4.4 DOMESTICATION: FREE TRANSLATION 54
4.5 DOMESTICATION: OMISSION 61
Chapter 5 Conclusion 63
5.1 FINDINGS 63
5.2 CONTRIBUTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 68
Chinese References 71
English References 72
On-line References 74
Data Sources 75

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