臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

一般質子交換膜燃料電池之組裝方式為利用數個螺栓鎖緊組裝，但此種組裝方式的燃料電池，會因為其單點施力於上下兩邊，造成燃料電池內部的結構所受到的壓力無法均勻分佈，進而造成流道板之不均勻變形，此現象容易使反應氣體從沒有密合的縫隙流出，不僅會使燃料電池效率下降，氣體的流出也會造成危險，且若燃料電池之尺寸愈小，影響可能愈嚴重。
本研究主要目的為以有限元素法進行數值模擬，藉由建構之3-D模型，探討當一微型質子交換膜燃料電池乃是在電池之上下兩端分別用三個螺栓鎖緊組裝時，螺栓鎖緊順序對此燃料電池之流道板變形和壓力分佈及氣體擴散層孔隙率之影響。模擬結果顯示，先鎖中間螺栓的鎖緊模式其對應之流道上的翹曲度、變形均勻度、氣體擴散層的孔隙率均勻度和流道上的Von Mises等效應力均勻度都比先鎖角落螺栓的鎖緊模式來得優異；且在先鎖中間螺栓的鎖緊模式中，模擬結果顯示，若燃料電池是用三對螺栓(上下兩端各三個)來鎖緊且採取對邊鎖的方式，以第一對螺栓中，先鎖之螺栓與第二、三對先鎖之螺栓位於燃料電池之不同邊的鎖緊模式為較佳的鎖緊順序。

In general, a PEMFC was assembled by using a number of locked bolts. But this assembly will cause concentrated loads existed on the upper and lower portions of the end plates, so that the pressure distributed non-uniformly at the internal structures in the PEMFC and thus causing uneven distributed deformations of flow-channel plates. This phenomenon may lead to the leak of reaction gas, and causing not only the decrease of the efficiency of PEMFC, but also the increase of the dangerous. If the fuel cell size getting smaller, the influence may be more severely.
The main aim of this study is to simulate the response of a micro-PEMFC numerically by utilizing a 3-D FEM model while the micro-PEMFC was assembled by three pairs of bolts along the upper and lower portions, respectively, of the end plates. The effects of different bolts locking sequences on the deformation and pressure distributions at flow-channel plates and on the porosity of gas diffusion layers in the micro-PEMFC were investigated. The simulated results showed that if one locked the middle bolt either on the upper or lower portion first, then the obtained uniformities of warpage, deformation, von Mises stress and porosity were superior than the corresponding obtained results if one locked either one of the four corner bolts first. Also, among the three pairs of bolts used for assembling the cell, the first locking bolt of the first pair of locking bolts and the first locking bolt of the rest of two pairs of locking bolts were suggested on the reverse portions of the end plates.

目錄 I
表目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
符號表 IX
摘要 XI
Abstract XII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2 燃料電池的分類 1
1.3 研究動機與目標 4
1.4 文獻回顧 5
1.4.1 燃料電池分析 5
1.4.2 燃料電池組裝方式與組裝壓力模擬 7
1.4.3燃料電池組裝壓力對效率之影響 9
1.4.4燃料電池組裝壓力之設計 12
1.5 本文架構 14
第二章 研究方法 22
2.1 有限元素法 22
2.2 微型質子交換膜燃料電池模型 24
2.2.1燃料電池模型尺寸、材料性質 24
2.2.2左右側流道板的定義和結構差異 25
2.3 網格收斂性 26
2.3.1網格的建立[34] 27
2.3.2 模型的收斂性 28
2.4 各式模擬條件之設定 30
2.4.1假設條件 30
2.4.2拘束條件 30
2.4.3 黏合元素與接觸元素 33
2.4.4摩擦係數對模擬的影響 35
2.4.5螺栓鎖緊壓力 35
2.5負載施加方式 36
第三章 分析方法 53
3.1流道翹曲度的定義 54
3.2變形均勻度的定義 55
3.3氣體擴散層孔隙率的計算 56
3.4 Von Mises等效應力均勻度的定義 57
第四章 結果與討論 61
4.1模擬驗證 61
4.2不同鎖緊順序的比較 64
4.2.1不同鎖緊順序對流道翹曲度之影響 65
4.2.2不同鎖緊順序對流道變形均勻度之影響 65
4.2.3不同鎖緊順序對氣體擴散層的孔隙率均勻度之影響 69
4.2.4不同鎖緊順序對流道Von Mises等效應力均勻度之影響 70
4.3先鎖中間螺栓的不同鎖緊順序之分析和比較 71
4.3.1四種鎖緊模式中所有鎖緊順序之分析 72
4.3.2四種鎖緊模式對流道翹曲度之影響 73
4.3.3四種鎖緊模式對流道變形均勻度之影響 74
4.3.4四種鎖緊模式對氣體擴散層孔隙率均勻度之影響 76
4.3.5四種鎖緊模式對流道Von Mises等效應力均勻度之影響 77
4.3.6小結 78
第五章 結論與未來展望 116
5.1結論 116
5.2未來展望 117
參考文獻 119

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