本論文之目的在研究波長532nm的綠光雷射，採用的方法是在摻雜氧化鎂鈮酸鋰晶片上製作出第一階倍頻準一維週期性反轉結構帶狀波導，再以1064nm基頻光耦合至光波導，並量測其輸出之綠光功率。實驗結果發現透過波導對光場之侷限性，可提高綠光倍頻之轉換效率。
本論文所使用的波導有鋅鎳共同擴散波導及鎵擴散波導兩種。 在波導製程方面，鋅鎳共同擴散波導寬度為160μm，可單導TM模態，量測結果符合極化與製程相依之特性；鎵擴散波導寬度亦為160μm，可單導TM模態，量測結果亦符合前人所作之結果。
在綠光量測方面係以8mW的 1064nm基頻光耦合至光波導。鋅鎳波導和鎵波導的外部轉換效率分別為22%和18%。入射波導最大功率可由6mW提升至8mW。這顯示利用摻雜氧化鎂之鈮酸鋰有助於光損害閥值的提升，即有助於提升入射光強度的峰值。
附錄為利用氧化鎵擴散製造脊形結構的新方法，其優點是可簡化製造過程。

First order quasi one-dimensional (1-D) periodically-poled magnesium-doped lithium niobate (PPMgO: LN) optical strip waveguides are presented. Green laser of wavelength 532nm is obtained when launched with an incident laser of wavelength 1064nm. Experimental results show the conservation efficiencies are increased owing to the waveguide structures.
For comparison, two special waveguides of the same width 160μm are fabricated by zinc-and-nickel co-diffusion and gallium diffusion, respectively. The zinc-and-nickel co-diffusion waveguides are verified to have process-dependent polarizations. However, only transverse magnetic (TM) mode waveguides are used because of larger diffusion depth for easy coupling. Similarly, only TM modes are supported in the gallium diffusion waveguides, which agrees quite well with those reported previously.
When an incident laser of 8mW is coupled to the waveguides, the measured green laser conversion efficiencies are 22% and 18% for zinc-and-nickel and gallium diffusion waveguides, respectively. Comparing to those without waveguide structures on lithium niobate substrate, the allowable maximum input power is increased from 6mW to 8mW. That’s because the optical damage threshold of magnesium-doped lithium niobate is increased.
Finally, in the appendix, a simple method for the fabrication of ridge structure by using gallium diffusion is proposed.

目錄
中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄
附表目錄
附圖目錄
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………..1
1-1 研究背景….……………...………………………………...1
1-2 研究動機………………...…………………………………3
1-3 內容簡介……………...……………………………………3
第二章 光波導及非線性光學原理……………………………………..5
2-1 材料性質介紹……………………………………………...5
2-2 光波導簡介……………………………………………….11
2-3鋅鎳及鎵擴散式鈮酸鋰光波導…………………………..13
2-3-1鋅鎳共同擴散式鈮酸鋰光波導………………....13
2-3-2 鎵擴散式鈮酸鋰光波導………………………….16
2-4 非線性光學簡介………………………………..………..17
2-5 準相位匹配理論介紹……...…………………………….22
第三章 光波導與週期性極化反轉元件製作………………………....27
3-1 鋅鎳共同擴散帶狀波導製作…………………………….27
3-2 週期性極化反轉製作與結果…………………………….34
3-2-1 高壓電致極化反轉介紹......……………………….34
3-2-2 高壓電致極化反轉設置…………………………...36
3-2-3液態電極結構……..………………………………...37
3-2-4反轉結構製作及結果…………..…………………...38
第四章 光學量測與分析………………………………………………41
4-1 光波導特性量測………………………………………….41
4-1-1 光場量測架構…………………..………………….41
4-1-2 光場分析圖…..…………………………………….42
4-2 綠光倍頻轉換量測架構………………………………….44
4-3 倍頻結果與分析………………………………………….46
4-4 匹配溫度位移分析……………………………………….49
第五章 結論……………………………………………………………52
附錄A…………………………………………………………………...54
A-1 脊形光波導製作...……………………..………………...54
A-2鎵擴散式脊形光波導製作………..……………………...57
A-3 質子交換蝕刻法………..………………………………..59
A-4 脊形製作結果與量測….………………………………...61
A-5 附錄結論…………………………………………………64
參考文獻………………………………………………………………..65
中英文名詞對照表…………………………………………………….72
附表目錄
表2-1-1非線性晶體之特性比較……………..…………………………5
表2-1-2 鈮酸鋰晶體的基本特性…………………….…………………7
表4-1 Sellmeier 方程式係數值………………………………………..46
表4-2計算1064nm與532nm之非普極化折射率差…………………..50
表4-3計算表面濃度參數值……………………………………………51
表A-1苯甲酸與焦磷酸的基本特性……………………...……………61
表A-2鎵擴散式脊形波導製程條件………………………...…………61
附圖目錄
圖2-1鈮酸鋰的鐵電相與順電相……………………………….……….8
圖2-2鐵電相時，鋰離子在氧平面附近兩處穩態位能圖………………9
圖2-3常用非線性晶體之光損害閥值與氧化鎂摻雜關係圖…………11
圖2-4質子交換是波導折射率變化成階梯函數示意圖……………....13
圖2-5金屬離子對折射率差模型………………………...…………….15
圖2-6金屬濃度與擴散時間關係圖…………………………………....15
圖2-7和頻產生示意圖…………………………………………………18
圖2-8差頻產生示意圖…………………………………………………18
圖2-9倍頻產生示意圖…………………………………………………19
圖2-10倍頻光強度與行進距離關係圖………………………………..25
圖3-1綠光雷射元件製作流程示意圖…………………………………27
圖3-2鋅鎳共同擴散帶狀式波導製程…………………………………28
圖3-3鋅鎳兩段式升溫曲線圖…………………………………………32
圖3-4鋅鎳擴散條件與導通極性對照圖………………………………33
圖3-5鋅鎳擴散式波導端面圖…………………………………………34
圖3-6高壓電致週期性極化反轉的成核側擴散模型…………………35
圖3-7高壓電致極化反轉裝置…………………………………………36
圖3-8液態電極架構……………………………………………………37
圖3-9極化反轉製程流程圖……………………………………..……..38
圖3-10準一維極化反轉圖形曝光比較………………………………..39
圖3-11反轉外加高壓波形……………………………………………..39
圖3-12準一維極化反轉圖形…………………………………………..40
圖4-1光場量測系統架構………………………………………………41
圖4-2鋅鎳波導光場圖………………………………………………....43
圖4-3鎵擴散式波導，TM光場圖………………………...……………43
圖4-4非波導區域綠光倍頻實驗架構…………………………………44
圖4-5波導區域綠光倍頻量測…………………………………………45
圖4-6第一階綠光倍頻週期與溫度關係………………………………47
圖4-7鋅鎳波導之匹配溫度曲線………………………………………48
圖4-8鎵擴散波導之匹配溫度曲線……………………………………48
圖4-9鋅鎳波導區域轉換效率…………………………………………49
圖4-10鎵波導區域轉換效率……………………………………..……49
圖A-1傳統脊形結構波導製作流程…………………………………...56
圖A-2鎵擴散式脊形波導製程示意圖…………...……………………58
圖A-3脊形端面圖…………………………...…………………………60
圖A-4白光干涉儀量測脊形結構圖…………..………………….……62
圖A-5蝕刻條件與脊形深度比較圖…………...………………………63
圖A-6鎵擴散式脊形波導光場圖……………………………………63

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