臺灣地狹人稠之外，包括化石能源之內的天然資源都相當匱乏。根據最新之能源平衡表顯示，臺灣初級能源自產率僅有0. 79%，電力自產率也僅達3. 81%。臺灣現今之能源供給處於一種對進口能源極度依賴的不平衡狀態下，因此發展再生能源對提升臺灣之能源供給自給率和能源安全上，不但「無悔」，也有其絕對的必要性。
發展再生能源雖然重要，但臺灣是否有足夠的條件得以發展再生能源達到永續能源供給之目的亦為重要之制約項。因此，本研究運用能源規劃模型EnergyPLAN，以能源市場中最主要之電力市場為例，以2025年為情境基本年，模擬出四種不同之情境（情境一：能源節約-總電力需求降低10%，情境二：效率提升-將總體發電系統之發電效率提升至80%，情境三：將既有之再生能源開發由現階段之30.84 %提升至60%與情境四：結合情境一～情境三），以探討「臺灣大規模導入再生能源之可能性與必要條件」。
結果顯示，結合所有情境之情境四之超額供給最多之外，情境一～情境三中，以提升發電效率所能達到之效果最好，其次為降低需求量，最後才是再生能源之開發。主要原因在於，即便將臺灣所有再生能源做100%之開發，其占2025年所需裝置容量之34. 43%，雖可以大幅提升電力供給自給率與能源安全性，但就臺灣能源供給之未來發展性而言，對於化石能源之依賴度仍高達67. 2%~78. 5%，恐未能達到完全永續能源供給之目的。此外，本模型結果亦顯示臺灣電力系統的問題除了供給量之外，分配上的問題亦不容忽視。
再者，在重點發展能源的選擇上，淨能源與環境成本分析亦應並重，以避免不必要之社會成本損失。本研究以臺灣發展最成熟之風力能源為例，進行其生命週期中之淨能源指標能源報酬EROI與二氧化碳排放分析，說明再生能源之發展應重視多面向之考量。結果顯示雖然臺灣風力發電之表現與國際水準相較之下並不遜色，但仍可透過改善其過低之發電效率以提升臺灣風能之淨能源投資報酬。
最後，本研究提出政策建議，認為應該1. 建立低耗能高效率之能源供需系統，2. 發展分散式能源技術，3. 不同階段採用不同之再生能源政策工具，4. 以淨能源作為能源政策之基礎以更接近永續能源發展之目標。

Owing to the specific geometric feature and the high population density in Taiwan, the nature resource such as fossil energy is quite of deficiency. According to the energy balance table published in 2008, the self-produced ratio of preliminary energy in Taiwan is only 0.70% and it is only 3.81% for the electricity. The dependence of energy demand on the imported energy is at an extremely unbalanced situation. Therefore, it is definitely necessary and no-regretful for the overall development on the renewable energy in Taiwan in terms of the efficiency of energy self-supply and energy safety.
However, it is important to consider if the conditions and environment in Taiwan are suitable for the development of renewable energy as the sustainable energy. Taking the main energy market, the electricity market, as an example, this study attempted to use an energy programming model, EnergyPLAN, to investigate the possibility and requirement for Taiwan to compressively develop the renewable energy. Four scenarios were simulated using 2025 as the reference year: 1. Energy saving-To reduce 10% of the overall electricity demand. 2. Efficiency enhancing: To enhance the efficiency of overall electricity system to 80%. 3. To enhance the developed rate of renewable energy reserves from 30.8% to 60%. 4. To combine the results of scenarios 1-3.
Our results shows that for the sustainable energy development in Taiwan, the best instrument is to enhance the electricity efficiency, then to reduce the energy demand, and at last to develop the renewable energy. Even all of the renewable energy is developed, its share of the installed capacity in 2025 can be only 34.43%, which enhances the energy self-supply and safety in Taiwan but still hardlymatch the demand. The occupation of energy consumption relying on the fossil energy is still as high as 67.2-78.5% though. The results also revealed that the issue of distribution system can’t be neglected in addition to the power supply of electricity system in Taiwan.
Moreover, the development of the net energy and environmental cost analysis should be concerned as economic costs for avoiding unnecessary social costs. Based on the relatively well-developed system of wind energy in Taiwan, we analyzed the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) and the CO2 emission in the life cycle to reveal that the sorted considerations should be. The results exhibit that the performance of the wind power
iii
systems in Taiwan is comparative to the international ones, but the EROIs can be still enhanced via improving the low efficiency of electricity system
Several policy suggestions were recommended as followings: 1. To establish the energy supply system with low energy loss and high performance efficiency. 2. To develop the distributed energy technology. 3. To adapt applicable energy policy measures in every single process. 4. To approach the objective of the net energy as the basic concept for energy incentive/susidies instruments.

中文摘要 ............................................................................................................................... i
英文摘要 ............................................................................................................................... ii
目錄 ..................................................................................................................................... iv
圖目錄 ................................................................................................................................ vii
表目錄 ................................................................................................................................. ix
第一章 緒 論 ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 問題意識與研究動機 ............................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 全球能源市場結構轉變 ................................................................................... 1
1.1.2 我國發展再生能源之必要性 ........................................................................... 2
1.2 研究方向 ................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.1臺灣再生能源之發展與目標 ............................................................................ 3
1.2.2臺灣再生能源之發展概況 ................................................................................ 8
1.2.3 臺灣再生能源之能源政策與具體措施 ......................................................... 15
1.3 研究目的與範圍 ..................................................................................................... 22
第二章 文獻回顧 ................................................................................................................ 24
2.1 能源系統分析 ........................................................................................................ 24
2.1.1能源系統分析工具 ............................................................................................ 7
2.1.2能源規劃模型之比較與選擇 .......................................................................... 11
2.2 EnergyPLAN簡介 .................................................................................................. 36
2.3能源與環境成本分析 ............................................................................................ 37
2.3.1淨能源分析方法之回顧 .................................................................................. 38
v
2.3.2有效能分析 ...................................................................................................... 39
2.3.3能源投資報酬（EROI） ................................................................................ 40
2.4生命週期評估......................................................................................................... 45
2.4.1. 生命週期評估簡介 ........................................................................................ 45
2.4.2二氧化碳排放評估 .......................................................................................... 47
第三章 研究方法與步驟 .................................................................................................... 49
3.1 EnergyPLAN之資料庫建立 .................................................................................. 50
3.1.1總體電力市場之供給與消費 .......................................................................... 50
3.2.2再生能源資料輸入.......................................................................................... 55
3.2 EnergyPLAN之情境建立 ...................................................................................... 64
3.3台灣風力發電之進程與現況 ................................................................................ 66
3.3.1風力發電之基礎理論 .................................................................................. 66
3.3.2台灣風力發電概要 ...................................................................................... 68
3.3.3台灣風能發展之限制 .................................................................................. 72
3.3.4 台灣風力發電之經濟成本 ......................................................................... 74
第四章 結果與討論 ............................................................................................................ 83
4.1 EnergyPLAN模型之結果與討論 .......................................................................... 83
4.1.1 結果與討論 ................................................................................................. 83
4.1.2 EnergyPLAN研究之限制 ........................................................................... 88
4.2 EROI與二氧化碳排放結果與討論 ...................................................................... 89
第五章 結論與政策建議 .................................................................................................... 94
5.1 台灣永續能源發展之可能性 ................................................................................ 94
vi
5. 2 臺灣風能淨能源與環境成本分析 ....................................................................... 95
5. 3 台灣發展再生能源之政策建議 ........................................................................... 96
第六章 參考文獻 ..............................................................................................................102

中文文獻：
王鼎定（1978），<農業與環境政策>，《臺灣經濟》，19卷，40-48。
張家澤（1985），<能源分析>，《台北市:華泰書局》。
陸雲（1990），<農業污染問題之探討>，《台灣經濟預測與政策》，21卷，1期，33-58。
陳家榮（1991），<現階段農地保育的經濟分析>，《農業金融論叢》25卷，271-298。
李國欽、林浩潭（1994），<農用化學品之使用與環境>，《行政院主計處（2003)，《我國綠色國民所得帳帳表體系、理論架構及編算模式》。
吳珮瑛（1997），<農業生產與環境保護：競爭或互補>，《台灣土地金融季刊》，卷，34卷，3期，111-136。
黃宗煌（1998），<溫室氣體減量成本與分配效果>，《87年度國科會計畫報告》，卷。
曾偉君、李新恩（2002），<因應氣候公約發展之能源政策檢討與分析>，《國政研究報告》。
蕭代基、鄭蕙燕、吳佩英、錢玉蘭、溫麗琪（2002），<環境保護之成本效益分析-理論、方法與應用>，《俊傑書局》。
李欣哲、呂威賢（2002），<我國風力發電之二氧化碳減量效益評估>，《環保訓練園地》，76卷。
工研院能資所、中央大學大氣所（2002），<台灣地區基本風能分布>，《經濟部能源委員會專案計畫結案報告》。
張又升（2002），<建築物生命週期二氧化碳減量評估>，《國立成功大學建築研究所博士論文》。
曾偉君、李新恩（2002），<因應氣候公約發展之能源政策檢討與分析>，《國政研究報告》。
蕭代基、鄭蕙燕、吳佩英、錢玉蘭、溫麗琪（2002），<環境保護之成本效益分析-理論、方法與應用>，《俊傑書局》。
鄭蕙燕（2002），<農業生物多樣性之保育議題與解決途徑>，《台灣土地金融季刊》，卷，39卷，1期，99-112。
李育明（2003），<國內推動生命週期評估應用之回顧與展望>，《工安環保報導》。
梁啟源、郭博堯 、劉致峻（2003），<再生能源發展方案之社會成本效益分析>，《國政分析》。
郭博堯（2003），<我國天然環境限制風力發電發展>，《國政分析》http://old.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/SD/092/SD-R-092-009.htm。
梁啟源、郭博堯 、劉致峻（2003），<再生能源發展方案之社會成本效益分析>，《國政分析》。
蔣金良、馬曉茜（2004），<基於生命週期評價的不同電源對環境影響的比較>，《電站系統工程》。
黃建中（2005），<生命週期衝擊評估之客觀權重方法>，《國立台灣大學環境工程學研究所博士論文》 。
英華威風力（2005），<彰濱工業區設置風力發電機開發計畫環境影響說明書暨部份防風林設置風力電機土地利用變更環境影響差異分析報告（定稿本）>，《經濟部工業局》。
曾詠恩（2005），<台灣地區風力發電之潛力分析與生命週期評估>，《國立臺北大學自然資源與環境管理研究所碩士論文》。
黃宗煌、盧誌銘（2005），<我國能源發展與能源結構規劃>，《全國能源會議》， 。
周嫦娥、黃宗煌、翁御棋（2005），<水資源工程與管理環境成本分析之研究>，《經濟部水利署94年委辦論文集》。
吳國江、劉杰等（2005），<能源植物的研究現狀及發展建設>，《科技與社會》， 21卷第1期，53-57。
金增輝（2005），<稻米生物質能源的開發與利用>，《糧食與飼料生產》， 7期，碾米工業1-3。
官政明（2005），<中華民國九十三年能源統計手冊>，《農業經濟半年刊》，卷，78，39-78。
王俊尉、谷晉川、楊萍（2006），<LCA 方法的技術框架與信息化開發>，《能源與環境》，4卷，7-9。
林俊義（2006），<國內外生質能源發展潛力與方向>，《生質能源開發與利用》，39-55》。
黃世佑（2006），<世界能源情勢及生質資源之生產量預估>，《生質能源開發與利用》，135-148。
經濟部能源局（2007），<96年年報>。
戰培國（2007），<國外大型風力發電機研究>，《電力設備》，8 ( 5) 期，80 - 83，。
林世強（2007），<以二氧化碳排放量探討島嶼之永續發展策略>，《地理學報》，47卷，39 - 57。
洪智仁（2007），<台電公司風力發電之成本分析>。
台灣電力（2008），<台灣電力公司永續報告書>。
蕭代基、洪鳴丰、林益豪（2008），<再生能源之獎勵應基於粗能源產出或淨能源產出>，《中華經濟研究院》。
經濟部能源局（2008），<2008年能源平衡表>。
台灣電力公司（2008），<97-106年長期負載預測與電源開發規劃報告>，http://www.moeaboe.gov.tw/opengovinfo/plan/electronic/files/97-106年長期負載預測與電源開發規劃摘要報告.pdf。
台灣電力公司（2009），<2009年台灣電力公司永續報告書>，http://www.taipower.com.tw/TaipowerWeb//upload/files/26/ever2009_08.pdf。
英文文獻：
Alexander E. Farrell, Richard J. Plevin, Brian T. Turner(2006), “Ethanol can contribute to energy and environmental goals”, Science, Vol. 311, 506-508.
Ayres, R., Ayres, L. and Martinas, K.(1998), “Exergy, waste accounting, and life-cycle analysis.”, Energy, Vol. 23, 355–363.
Baines, J. and Peet, M.(1983), “Assessing alternative liquid fuels using net energy criteria”, Energy, Vol. 8, 963–972.
Berglund, M. and Borjesson, P.(2006), “Assessment of energy performance in the life-cycle of biogas production.”, Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 30, 254–266.
Chang, T.H., and Lu., W.H.(2007), “Analysis of benefits of wind development policies in Taiwan”, First Annual Meeting of Taiwan Wind Energy Association.
Chang, Y.S.(2002), “Assessment of life cycle CO2 emission of buildings”, Ph.D. thesis, National Cheng-Kung Univ., Tainan, Taiwan in Chinese .
Chen M, Lund H, Rosendahl LA, Condra TJ.(2010), “Energy efficiency analysis and impact evaluation of the applications of thermoelectric power cycle to today’s CHP systems”, Appl Energy, Vol. 87(4), 1231-8.
Chui, F., Elkamel, A. and Fowler, M.(2006), “An integrated decision support framework for the assessment and analysis of hydrogen production pathways”, Energy and Fuels, Vol. 20, 346–352.
Cleveland, C.(1992), “Energy quality and energy surplus in the extraction of fossil fuels in the U.S”, Ecol. Econ., Vol. 6, 139–162.
Cleveland, C. and Costanza, R.(1984), “Net energy analysis of geopressured gas-resources in the united states gulf coast region”, Energy, Vol. 9, 35–51.
Connolly D, Lund H, Mathiesen BV, Leahy M.(2009), “Ireland''s pathway towards a 100% renewable energy-system: the first step.”, Dubrovnik Conference: Proceedings of the 5th Dubrovnik conference for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems.
Connolly, D. , H. Lund, B.V. Mathiesen, M. Leahy(2010), “A review of computer tools for analysing the integration of renewable energy”, Applied Energy, Vol. 87, 1059-1082.
Cormio C, Dicorato M, Minoia A, Trovato M.(2003), “A regional energy planning methodology including renewable energy sources and environmental constraints”, Sustainable Energy Rev, Vol. 7(2), 99-130 .
Costanza, R.(1980), “Embodied energy and economic valuation”, Science, Vol. 210, 1219–1224.
Curran, M.A. et al.(1996), “Environmental Life Cycle Assessment”, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.
Cutler J. Cleveland(2005), “Net energy from the extraction of oil and gas in the United States”, Energy,
http://www.bu.edu/cees/people/faculty/cutler/articles/Net_%20Energy_US_Oil_gas.pdf.
Cutler J. Cleveland(2006), “Energy from Wind: A Discussion of the EROI Research”, The Oil Drum.
Cutler J. Cleveland(2007), “Energy and Ecological economics”, The Oil Drum.
Dewulf, J., H. Van Langenhove, and B. Van De Velde(2005), “Exergy-based efficiency and renewability assessment of biofuel production”, Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 39, 3878-3882.
Energy and Resource Laboratory of Industrial Technology Research Institute and National Central University ERL and NCU(2002), “Assessment of wind power development potential in Taiwan”, Technical Rep, Taipei, Taiwan in Chinese.
GWEC(2009), “Global Wind 2008 Report” .
Gagnon et al.(2002), “Life-cycle assessment of electricity generation options: The status of research in year 2001”, Energy policy, Vol. 30, 1267-1278.
Gingerich, J. and Hendrickson, O(1993), “The theory of energy return on investment—a case-study of whole tree chipping for biomass in Price Edward Island”, Forest. Chron., Vol. 69, 300–306.
Hagens, N., Costanza, R. and Mulder, K.(2006), “Energy returns on ethanol production.”, Science, Vol. 312, 1746.
Hammerschlag, R(2006), “Ethanol’s energy return on investment: a survey of the literature 1990-present”, Environ. Sci. Tech., Vol. 40, 1744–1750.
Ida Kubiszewski and Cutler J. Cleveland(2008), “Energy return on investment (EROI) for wind energy”, The Oil Drum.
Jeff Tollefson(2007), “Countries with highest CO2-emitting power sectors (tonnes per year)”, Nature, Vol. 450, 327.
Jebaraj, S., Iniyan, S.(2006), “A review of energy models”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 10, 281-311.
Kaylen, M.(2005), “An economic analysis of using alternative fuels in a mass burn boiler”, Bioresour. Technol., Vol. 96, 1943–1949.
Kenneth M. and Nathan J. H.(2008), “Energy return on investment: Toward a consistent framework”, Ambio, Vol. 37(2), 74-79.
Keoleian, G.(1998), “Application of life cycle energy analysis to photovoltaic module design”, Progress in Voltaics, Vol. 5, 287–300.
Khan, F., Hawboldt, K., and Iqbal, M.(2005), “Life Cycle Analysis of wind-fuel cell integrated system”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 30, 157–177.
Kidd, S.(2004), “Nuclear: is there any net energy addition?”, Nucl. Eng. Int., Vol. 49, 12–13.
Langston, Y.L. and Langston, C.A.(2008), “Reliability of building embodied energy modelling: an analysis of 30 Melbourne case studies”, Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 26:2, 147-160.
Lenzen, M. and Munksgaard, J.(2002), “Energy and CO2 life-cycle analyses of wind turbines—review and applications”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 26(3), 339-362.
Lund H, Munster E.(2006), “Integrated energy systems and local energy markets”, Energy Policy, Vol. 34(10), 1152-60 .
Lund H, Andersen AN.(2005), “Optimal designs of small CHP plants in a market with fluctuating electricity prices.”, Energy Convers Manage, Vol. 46(6), 893-904.
Lund H, Clark WW.(2002), “Management of fluctuations in wind power and CHP comparing two possible Danish strategies”, Energy, Vol. 27(5), 471-83.
Lund H, Kempton W.(2008), “Integration of renewable energy into the transport and electricity sectors through V2G”, Energy Policy, Vol. 36(9), 3578-87.
Lund H, Mathiesen BV.(2009), “Energy system analysis of 100% renewable energy”, Energy, Vol. 34(5), 524-31.
Lund H, Munster E.(2003), “Management of surplus electricity-production from a fluctuating renewable-energy source”, Appl Energy, Vol. 76(1-3), 65-74.
Lund H, Salgi G, Elmegaard B, Andersen AN.(2009), “Optimal operation strategies of compressed air energy storage (CAES) on electricity spot markets with fluctuating prices”, Appl Therm Eng, Vol. 29(5-6), 799-806.
Lund H, Salgi G.(2009), “The role of compressed air energy storage (CAES) in future sustainable energy systems”, Energy Convers Manage, Vol. 50(5), 1172-9.
Lund H.(2006), “Large-scale integration of wind power into different energy systems”, Energy, Vol. 31(4), 503-515.
Lund H.(2007), “Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development”, Energy, Vol. 32(6), 912-9.
Manfred Lenzena, Ulrike Wachsmannb(2004), “Wind turbines in Brazil and Germany:an example of geographical variability in life-cycle assessment”, Applied Energy, Vol. 77, 119–130.
Masamori Shukuya & Daisuke Kimura(1996), “Exergy-entropy process of passive solar heating and global environmental systems”, Solar Energy, Vol. 58, 25-32.
Mathiesen BV, Lund H.(2009), “Comparative analyses of seven technologies to facilitate the integration of fluctuating renewable energy sources”, IET Renew Power Generat, Vol. 3(2), 190-204.
Mathiesen BV.(2008), “Fuel cells and electrolysers in future energy systems”, Department of Development and Planning, Aalborg University, PhD thesis.
Mathiesen BV.(2009), “100% Renewable energy systems in project future climate-the case of Denmark”, Dubrovnik Conference: Proceedings of the 5th Dubrovnik conference for sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems.
McCulloch, M., Raynolds, M., and Laurie, M.(2000), “Life cycle value assessment of a wind turbine”, Technical Rep., Pembina Institute, Alberta, Canada.
Münster M, Lund H.(2009), “Use of waste for heat, electricity and transport-challenges when performing energy system analysis”, Energy, Vol. 636-44 .
Patzek, T.(2004), “Thermodynamics of the corn-ethanol biofuel cycle”, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, Vol. 23(6), 519–567.
Patzek, T. and Pimentel, D.(2005), “Thermodynamics of energy production from biomass.”, Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., Vol. 24, 327–364.
Pehnt, M.(2006), “Dynamic life cycle assessment LCA of renewable energy technologies”, Renewable Energy, Vol. 31, 55–71.
Pimentel, D.(2003), “Ethanol fuels: energy balance, economics, and environmental impacts are negative”, Nat. Resour. Res., Vol. 12, 127–134.
Pimentel, D., Herz, M., Glickstein, M., Zimmerman, M., Allen, R., Becker, K., Evans, J., Hussain, B., et al.(2002), “Renewable energy: current and potential issues.”, Bioscience.
Pimentel, D., Rodrigues, G., Wane, T., Abrams, R., Goldberg, K., Staecker, H., Ma, E., Brueckner, L.(1994), “Renewable energy–economic and environmental issues.”, Bioscience, Vol. 44, 536–547.
Rebitzer G., Ekvall T., Frischknecht R., Hunkeler D., Norris G., Rydberg T., Schmidt W.P., Suh S., Weidema B.P. and Pennington D.W.(2004), “Life cycle assessment Part 1:Framework,goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, and applications”, Environ. Int., Vol. 30(5), 701–720.
Roel Hammerschlag(2006), “Ethanol’s energy return on investment: A survey of the literature 1990-present”, Environ. Sci. Technol, Vol. 40, 1744-1750.
S. Jebaraja, & S. Iniyanb(2006), “A review of energy models”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 10, 281–311.
S. Tonona, M.T. Brownb, F. Luchic,1, A. Mirandolaa, A. Stoppatoa, S. Ulgiatic(2006), “An integrated assessment of energy conversion processes by means of thermodynamic, economic and environmental parameters”, Energy, Vol. 31, 149–163.
Schleisner, L.(2000), “Life cycle assessment of a wind farm and related externalities”, Renew. Energ., Vol. 20, 279–288.
Sergio Ulgiati(2001), “A Comprehensive Energy and Economic Assessment of Biofuels: When “Green” Is Not Enough”, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, Vol. 20(1), 71–106.
Sheehan, J., Camobreco, V., Duffield, J., Graboski, M. and Shapouri, H.(1998), “An overview of biodiesel and petroleum diesel life cycles”, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden., Vol. 52, 1111–1120.
Tainter, J.A., Allen, T.F.H., Little, A. and Hoekstra, T.W.(2003), “Resource transitions and energy gain: contexts of organization”, Conservat. Ecol., Vol. 7, 4.
Taipower(2003), “Environmental impact statement of implementing wind turbine systems at Taichung Harbor area” .
Tyner, G., Costanza, R. and Fowler, R.(1988), “The net energy yield of nuclear power”, Energy, Vol. 13, 73–81.
Voorspools, K. R., Brouwers, E. A., and D’haeseleer, W. D.(2000), “Energy content and indirect greenhouse gas emissions embedded in emission-free power plants: Result for the low countries”, Appl. Energy, Vol. 67, 307–330.
World Wind Energy Association WWEA(2009), “World Wind Energy Report 2008” .
Yue, C. D., Liu, C. M., and Liou, E. M.(2001), “A transition toward a sustainable energy future: Feasibility assessment and development strategies of wind power in Taiwan”, Energy Policy, Vol. 29, 951–963.
Yuh-Ming Lee and Yun-Ern Tzeng(2008), “Development and Life-Cycle Inventory analysis of wind energy in Taiwan”, Journal of Energy Engineering, Vol. 134:2, 53-57.
網站資料：
中央氣象局，http://www.cwb.gov.tw/
台灣電力公司，http://www.taipower.com.tw/
經濟部能源局，http://www.moeaboe.gov.tw/
經濟部水利署水文水資源資料管理供應系統，
http://gweb.wra.gov.tw/wrweb/EnergyPLAN_Advanced Energy System Analysis Computer Modelhttp://energy.plan.aau.dk/
National Energy Information Center
http://www.federalgrantswire.com/national-energy-information-center.html