臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨意網路是一個沒有固定式基礎架構的無線網路環境，它是由一群無線移動
裝置所組成，且這些裝置可以自由地與其他無線移動裝置進行通訊。在可預見的
未來，電子商務或私人秘密通訊相關應用被實作在隨意網路環境時，與匿名性及
安全性相關的議題就會變的非常重要。如果無線移動裝置在進行通訊時，沒有對
資料封包加以保護，則敵人可以很輕易的藉由竊聽路由控制封包及資料封包來進
行攻擊，造成個人資料洩漏，進而使得個人隱私受到侵犯。以往在隨意網路上有
關安全匿名路由協定的研究，常使用金鑰加密運算來保護路由控制封包及資料封
包，但也因此產生非常高的處理成本，使得這些路由協定無法實作在實際的隨意
網路環境。在此篇論文，我們針對隨意網路提出了一個新的安全匿名路由協定，
它的名稱為以雜湊函數為基礎之匿名安全路由協定(Hash-based Anonymous
Secure Routing protocol)，英文簡稱為HASR。我們所提出的協定可以滿足身份、
位置及路由匿名，並且可以抵擋主要的安全威脅，像是假扮攻擊、欺騙攻擊、路
由維護攻擊及阻斷服務攻擊。此外，HASR 的運作是以抗碰撞單向雜湊函數為基
礎，搭配假名產生與交換機制，並且沒有使用任何金鑰機制。經由詳細的分析顯
示無線移動裝置在隨意網路通訊的過程中，HASR 可以在訊息傳遞上達到匿名及
安全需求，並且能有很好的效能表現。

The mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a non-fixed infrastructure wireless network, composing by a collection of wireless mobile devices which can communicate with others freely.
Some applications, such as the e-business or interpersonal communication, may be applied in mobile ad hoc environments in the near future.
For this reason, anonymity and security become momentous issues for MANETs.
When mobile devices communicate without any protection, adversaries can easily launch attacks by collecting route control packets and data packets through eavesdropping.
The personal data are leaked through these information, which will infringe privacy seriously.
In previous literatures related to anonymous secure routing protocols in MANETs, the key cryptographic operation to protect route control packets and data packets is used.
It causes very high process overheads, which is not practical in MANETs.
In this thesis, we propose a novel anonymous secure routing protocol in MANETs, named Hash-based Anonymous Secure Routing (HASR), which can satisfy the identity, location and route anonymity, and defend against major security threats, such as replay, spoofing, route maintenance, and denial of service (DoS) attacks.
Moreover, the operation of HASR is based on a collision-resistant one-way hash function, and the pseudo name generation and exchange mechanism without using any key cryptography.
Detailed analyses show that HASR can achieve both anonymity and security on message routing with high performance during node communication in MANETs.

1 Introduction
2 Related work
3 Hash-based anonymous secure routing protocol
3.1 RREQ phase
3.2 RREP phase
3.3 DATA phase
3.4 RERR phase
3.5 Routing table maintenance
4 Anonymity and security analyses
4.1 Anonymity analysis
4.1.1 Identity anonymity
4.1.2 Location anonymity
4.1.3 Route anonymity
4.2 Security analysis
4.2.1 Replay attack
4.2.2 Spoofing attack
4.2.3 Route maintenance attack
4.2.4 DoS attack
5 Comparison
5.1 Security comparison
5.2 Key management cost
5.3 Cryptographic operation time
5.4 Message size
5.5 Synergy comparison
6 Discussion
6.1 Tracking attack
6.2 Route maintenance attack
6.3 Utilization of message authentication code (MAC)
7 Conclusion
A The operation of AODV [14]

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