臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　本研究利用中央氣象局七股、墾丁及五分山都卜勒雷達資料分析2000~2008 年間通過台灣沿岸及離島氣象站之颱風雨帶。檢視 2000~2008 年雷達回波資料，共找出 263 個颱風雨帶。統計結果顯示，雨帶多分佈於颱風行進方向的右前方及左前方且大多距離颱風中心300公里以內，雨帶之寬度平均為 18.1 km，雨帶之移動速度為 11.3 m s -1。

　　由高解析度地面觀測資料的分析顯示，雨帶內平均擾動溫度下降約 0.4 ℃，平均擾動露點溫度下降約 0.2 ℃；平均擾動氣壓在雨帶的外邊界有一極小值，並在內邊界的內側有一極大值，相差約 0.15 mb，且發現有一類似波動的變化；平均擾動相當位溫在邊界內下降約 1.2 K，但平均擾動相對濕度卻上升約 2 %，其顯示出雖然平均擾動露點溫度的下降(即雨帶內水氣量減少)，但平均擾動溫度下降幅度更大(即飽和水氣壓下降更多)，造成雨帶內平均擾動相對濕度的上升及擾動相當位溫的下降。平均擾動橫越雨帶氣流顯示雨帶內部低層氣流為內流，並下降約 1 m s -1，相較之下平均擾動平行雨帶氣流的變化較微弱，僅於內邊界內側有一極小值；平均擾動風速顯示出雨帶內部風速逐漸增強，由平均擾動風向的分析可得知雨帶內風向呈順時鐘旋轉；平均擾動降雨率在雨帶中心軸與內邊界之間有一極大值，與外邊界及內邊界的極小值相差 12 mm hr -1；平均擾動雷達回波在雨帶中心軸達到極大值，往外邊界及內邊界逐漸減弱。

由雨帶邊界內氣象參數的振幅分析顯示，隨著與颱風中心徑向距離的增加，溫度、露點溫度、相當位溫及相對濕度的振幅都顯著的增加。但橫越雨帶的氣流、平行雨帶的氣流、風速及風向的振幅並無明顯的變化。

摘要...........................................................................................................I
誌謝..........................................................................................................II
目錄.........................................................................................................III
圖表說 ....................................................................................................V
第一章　文獻回顧與研究動機.............................................................1
（一） 文獻回顧....................................................................................1
（二） 研究動機與目的........................................................................4
第二章　資料及颱風雨帶選取.............................................................5
（一） 資料............................................................................................5
1. 資料來源.............................................................................................5
2. 都卜勒雷達之特性與處理.................................................................5
（二） 颱風雨帶選取............................................................................7
第三章　颱風雨帶概述.........................................................................9
（一） 選取雨帶的颱風........................................................................9
（二） 雨帶通過氣象站時的颱風強度................................................9
（三） 雨帶與颱風中心之徑向距離....................................................9
（四） 雨帶相對於颱風行進方向分佈的象限..................................10
（五） 雨帶通過之地面氣象站及數量..............................................10
（六） 雨帶通過氣象站的時間..........................................................10
（七） 雨帶之寬度..............................................................................11
（八） 雨帶之移動速度......................................................................11
（九） 觀測雨帶之都卜勒雷達站及仰角..........................................11
第四章　颱風雨帶地面觀測特徵之分析...........................................12
（一） 颱風雨帶地面平均變化特徵..................................................12
1. 合成方法...........................................................................................12
2. 結果描述...........................................................................................13
（二） 颱風雨帶氣象參數振幅分析..................................................14
第五章　結論與未來展望....................................................................17
參考文獻................................................................................................19

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