臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來國人從事休閒旅遊的風氣愈來愈盛，便利的交通網絡為駕駛人廣泛使用。然而，親朋好友相約出遊時，常常會因道路狀況之歧異或交通號誌的混淆而導致成員分散。有鑑於駕駛人希望能透過網路得到更多的行車資訊，並得以藉由網路和其他同行車輛輕鬆取得聯繫，於是車載網路得以迅速發展，而其所傳遞之即時訊息，將有助於提升行車時的安全、舒適與效率。

車載隨意網路具有移動速度快、拓樸變化高之特性。然而，在資料傳輸過程中，可能產生無用或重複的封包散佈於網路，導致整個網路效率降低。本研究將針對此項缺失提出改善方法，依封包類型作為判斷依據，發展出四種不同的訊息傳遞機制；再以高速公路為背景，將同行車輛預設為同一群組，在出發前選定一群組領導車輛負責管理群組訊息之傳送；透過建立同行群組車輛間良好的訊息傳遞架構，及提出有效率之群播路由等方法，將有效提升車輛在高速移動下的封包傳送率及降低網路負載，達成良好的訊息交換目的。透過建立同行群組車輛間良好的訊息傳遞架構，及提出有效率之群播路由等方法，研究得以合理提高車輛於高速行駛中之封包傳送率及有效減少網路負載的解決及改善之道。

由模擬分析的結果得知，本研究所提出的機制在平均封包遺失率、平均傳輸時間、平均傳輸量方面明顯較優於其他機制，亦證明植基於建立群組預先分組及封包分類傳送等兩大特點之本研究，確為有效率之群組路由傳輸機制。

These years, there are more and more people like to go for tours. The road networks of traffic are now in widespread use, they are quite convenient for drivers to go around. Relatives and friends usually get together to travel around, but they are often separated due to the various road conditions or the unidentifiable traffic signals. Consequently, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) has been developing rapidly, because drivers hope to get more vehicle messages through VANET and to communicate with other group vehicles more easily. By the way, the information provided by VANET can be helpful in improving safety, comfort and efficiency in driving.

VANET has a good deal of characteristics such as speedy velocity of movement, high changeability of topology, and so on. However, when user will transmission message, there are probably some useless or repeated packets produced and circulated in the network, and then results in the reduction of network efficiency. In this paper, mainly researches into the way of resolution and improvement. First of all, based on the judgment basis of the types of the packets, there are four various mechanisms developed. In highway, we set the colleague vehicles for the same group before departure, and choose one as the group leader vehicle to take charge of inner-group message transmission. Through establishing a mature transmission structure of message between the group vehicles and proposing an efficient group routing, it will be possible to reasonably increase the packet delivery ratio, efficiently reduce overhead of network and successfully reach the goal of well message exchange.

The simulation analysis’s result shows that our research is obviously superior to the other mechanisms for average packet loss ratio, average transmission time and average throughput. It proves that our above mentioned mechanism based on pre-grouping and packet’s classification is actually an effective transmission mechanism to be applied. A mature VANET can be expected, it is just around the corner!

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 研究目的 4
1.4 研究範圍 4
1.5 論文架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
2.1 在車載隨意網路下之有效率的安全群集機制 5
2.2 以車輛為通路以延展資訊傳遞範圍之車輛對車輛轉傳機制 7
2.3 在車載隨意網路下以地理性群組為基礎之單播路由機制 8
2.4 在車載隨意網路下以位置為基礎之目的地發掘路由機制 11
2.5 在車載隨意網路下以方向性為基礎之地理傳播路由機制 13
2.6 在車載隨意網路下傳遞安全性訊息之車輛多重廣播機制 14
2.7 小結 16
第三章 相關理論與技術 19
3.1 行動隨意網路 19
3.2 車載隨意網路 21
3.3 無線隨意網路路由協定 32
第四章 車載隨意網路下之群組傳輸路由協定 35
4.1 研究假設 35
4.2 資料封包模型 35
4.3 群組傳遞訊息流程 41
4.4 轉傳節點路由機制 51
第五章 模擬與分析 53
5.1 模擬環境設定 53
5.2 模擬結果 55
5.3 小結 58
第六章 結論與未來研究 60
6.1 結論 60
6.2 未來研究 62
參考文獻 64

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